SLLP Project Development Pro Forma

Name of Project The Hidden History

Archaeology in the landscape is not always obvious but it has shaped the landscape and the community.

Sponsoring partner organisation & main contact

South Yorkshire Archaeology Service and Sheffield City Council Parks and Countryside

150 word summary Exploring the Sheffield Lakeland heritage through surveying and recording lesser known sites. The project will look to explore our hidden heritage, involving the community in sites of interest across the landscape partnership area and time. The Project Officer will be engaged and Line Managed by SCC Parks and Countryside and supported by the South Yorkshire Archaeology Service. We will engage specialist archaeological contractors to work with the Project Officer on eight projects, covering eight sites:

1. Nature Reserves 2. Woodlands 3. Lodge Moor POW Camp 4. Prehistory 5. Wadsley and Loxley Commons

6. Early valley industry 7. Bloomery Sites around Stocksbridge 8. The Story of Water

Full project description South Yorkshire Archaeology Service (SYAS) and Sheffield City Council (SCC) Parks and Countryside Service have got together to jointly run this project. SYAS will quality assure throughout the programme, ensuring project activity is in line with archaeological best practice. They will compile detailed project briefs to inform and direct the professional archaeological services contracted to support the project officer. They will monitor progress and output quality, to ensure it meets the requirements of the brief. SCC Parks and Countryside will line manage the project officer, who will manage the overall programme, including reporting to SLLP. They have run a number of successful community heritage / archaeological projects previously, with the most notable being; Light up the Hill at Wincobank which was part of the ‘Roots of Iren’ Project. https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/festivalah/exhibition/archaeology/roots-of-iron A range of scoping exercises were undertaken during development and they, together with continued community engagement, have resulted in the following projects being identified as key archaeological opportunities. Each project will include:

an archaeological/heritage issue,

a site to use

a group to work with

a competent professional with expertise in the relevant area.

During the project the project officer and consultant will support a community, or volunteer group, and help them undertake and learn about:

Appropriate archive research (e.g. Sheffield Archives, Local Studies and possibly Sheffield Museum to assess the known information, allowing the group to set the scene and put the location into context.

Archaeological fieldwork skills and techniques. This may include field walking, test-pitting, walkover survey and geophysical survey. Targeted excavation is also possible, where a research question has been identified or loss of an archaeological feature is unavoidable.

Create a cohesive report together with a story board for the SLLP website.

Deliver at least one public event either on site or a slideshow to deliver to a wider audience.

In addition each project will host a field visit from one or more of the local branches of the national ‘Young Archaeologists Club’. Each project will also host a visit from the Stepping Out programme of SLLP. Project 1 Nature Reserves and Woodlands Working with the Sheffield and Rotherham Wildlife Trust on a demonstration project to include existing groups of volunteers in undertaking research and survey work for the Hammonds Field, Carr House Meadows including the adjacent SCC plantation to the south and Agden Bog nature reserve including the adjacent SCC PAWS Woodland in the SLLP area in order to identify archaeological and landform features of importance before undertaking intrusive work such as scrapes and pond creation, which may damage or destroy important archaeological features. Project 2 Woodlands Woodlands and forestry form important features in the landscape. Our scoping exercise of the plantation forestry indicates that this is mostly planted on agricultural land with limited archaeological interest. However, ancient woodland is liable to include archaeological features which include historical woodland occupation and industry, as well as those which pre-date the woodland. These features are mostly overlooked by those visiting woodlands for leisure purposes. On two ancient woodland sites including the SCC owned part of Bitholmes Wood and Newhall Wood in Stocksbridge, we will carry out a woodland archaeological research project to identify the history of human activity in the woodlands, including previous woodland management, charcoal, settlements etc. This project will be run without an identified support or participation group, but with the aim of involving current users; dog walkers, walkers, families etc. “Project 3 Lodge Moor prisoner of war camp and PALS regiment camp Lodge Moor plantation contains the site of a former military base/barracks for the PALS regiment which became a Prisoner of War camp during both WWI and WWII. It was a highly significant site, capable of holding more than 8000 prisoners. Within the plantation many features of the later POW camps can still be seen, including concrete hut bases, other mounds of building material and parts of the original boundary fence. The plantation belongs to Sheffield City

Council and there is a forestry plan that includes thinning. Using the ‘Woodland Heart’ project, we will help to ensure the forestry work is undertaken sensitively and strategically, to open glades around important archaeological features and create timber extraction routes that will double as access to these features. SCC’s Woodlands Team will work with the project officer and local groups having an interest in the site to undertake new historical research and advise on the most appropriate access to parts of the plantation and create an information board to help visitors understand this important yet little known historical site. Opportunities will be sought to animate the project with oral history research and a re-enactment of life with the PALS regiment which were stationed there. There is a wider and more detailed story to tell around the Redmires camp and other military archaeology in the area. While opening up the plantation and starting to better inform people about the importance of the site, this project will compliment and hopefully support more detailed work in future. Project 4 Prehistory The western section of the Sheffield Lakeland Landscape Partnership encompasses large areas of open access moorland. This open landscape has retained a wide range features of ancient land use. While some areas have been surveyed, there remains large areas un-surveyed, with the potential to review and ‘join up’ the ancient history of the SLLP moorlands. The Project Officer will work with Hunter Archaeological Society to undertake this work. Other groups based in specific parts of the partnership area, such as the Bolsterstone History Group, could be involved in their own locality. Project 5 Wadsley and Loxley Commons Wadsley and Loxley Common is an important gateway site to the Sheffield Lakeland Landscape Partnership, it is a local nature reserve in Sheffield City Council ownership. While it is managed as a mosaic of lowland heath and oak/birch scrub woodland it undoubtedly has a land use history from pre-history through to post-Mediaeval ganister extraction which is recognised but little documented. There is an existing Friends Of Group (called commoners, but not legally so) who will form the core community volunteers to research and interpret this site. Project 6 Early industry under our feet

The valleys which run down from the moorlands into Sheffield hosted the development of early industrialised manufacture. While industry moved into Sheffield and the countryside claimed back the valleys the history remains. There will be a community archaeology project based at Stoneface, Stores wood, which has not yet been researched but there are signs of obvious industrial activity. The site is ideal in as much as the owner is interested, we have parking, toilets, classroom etc. The Project Officer will work with the South Yorkshire Industrial History Society to undertake this work. Project 7 Bloomery Sites around Stocksbridge Bloomeries are charcoal-fired furnaces used for the direct reduction of iron ore to produce wrought iron, sited on hillsides to utilise the up-draught of air. Significant numbers are known from the Stocksbridge and Langsett areas. Further research and on-site Interpretation is proposed. The Project Officer will work with local heritage groups, including the Stocksbridge & District History Society to undertake this work. Project 8 The Story of Water The landscape across the partnership area has been influenced by the management of water, whether for settlement, industry or creation of reservoirs. The archaeological assessment (ECUS 2017) identified an Understanding of how water management has changed the landscape, alongside the reasons and agents for that change as a important area warranting further study. This will include archival research and targeted field survey. The Project Officer will work with Brendan Stone and local groups to undertake this work. Monitoring and Evaluation We will support the ‘overall M&E programme both through evaluation of this project in relation to archaeological gains but also by ‘looking’ at other projects delivered throughout SLLP and identifying the wider outcomes from these, particularly:

Historic Routes

Restoring the Lattice.

Supporting documents Community Heritage Project Officer JD and explanation regarding employing existing staff “Sheffield Lakelands – Archaeological Desk Based

Assessment”, ECUS, 2017. (appendix 6)

Other partners and organisations directly engaged in delivering the project

Sheffield City Council and SYAS are sponsoring organisations. Sheffield City Council will be ‘hosting’ to community heritage project officer (Job description attached) as an existing employee, explanation attached. Sheffield City Council Sheffield and Rotherham Wildlife Trust

Other organisations benefitting or taking part in your project or key target audience

Sheffield Wildlife Trust volunteers for nature reserves Local residents for Sheffield City Council (Bitholme Wood) Wadsley and Loxley Commoners for the common Hunter Archaeology Society for the pre-history project South Yorkshire Industrial History Society for Stoneface, owner of Storrs Wood and the Story of Water projects Peak District National Park and Heeley City Farm Archaeology for the Lodge Moor project Stocksbridge and District Historical Society for the Bloomery project

How does the project contribute to our vision?

“A wilder, more natural and resilient landscape of native clough woodland, descending down from the moorland slopes to the reservoirs, streams and farmlands below, alive to the sound of curlews and lapwings, and crossed by a lattice work of drystone walls and accessible paths and bye-ways. A landscape that provides clean air and water, supports wildlife, helps to reduce flooding and improves peoples’ health & wellbeing. A landscape for everyone to value, enjoy, understand – and feel part of.

There is more to the landscape than the hills and valleys and their habitats, our archaeologic history is rich and divers. Being able to read it and understand how the landscape became what it is and why will help people value and understand their landscape better.

Strategic fit “Conservation Principles Policies and Guidance”, Historic England Principle 1: The historic environment is a shared resource Principle 2: Everyone should be able to participate in sustaining the historic environment Principle 3: Understanding the significance of places is vital Principle 4: Significant places should be managed to sustain their values Principle 5: Decisions about change must be reasonable, transparent and consistent Principle 6: Documenting and learning from decisions is essential

“Forests and Archaeology Guidelines” Forestry Commission.

Principles of managing archaeology within woodlands by ensuring that the archaeological resource within the woods is known and accounted for in management. “Sheffield City of rivers” Sheffield Waterways Strategy Group/Sheffield City Council.

How does your project contribute to our combined statement of significance?

This is available from the ECUS report – cross reference their SoS with our projects.

Identify how your project meets one or more of the SLLP programme objectives

1. A more connected and resilient landscape.

2. Bigger, better and more joined up natural environment for people and wildlife.

N/A

3. Better recorded and valued cultural heritage celebrated by local people and visitors.

This project will survey and record the archaeological history of the area. Much is already known, form both documentary and fieldwork sources. This has been drawn together in the archaeological desk-based assessment by ECUS during the development phase and, subsequently enhanced by the woodland / forestry opportunity review. This project will identify and record a whole new range of features.

4. Better understanding of local heritage with more people helping look after it – a landscape for all to learn about, value, experience and enjoy.

There will be a review of our archaeology project in the final year (as part of the M&E and in its own right) this will create a body of information which will contribute to our understanding of the landscape. While the project will be supported by up to six professional archaeologists they will work with our Archaeology Support Officer (P/T) to engage existing archaeology volunteers and new volunteers all of whom will learn more about our landscape, the role of people in landscape development and archaeology as a hobby and discipline.

HLF priorities met (quantitative and/or qualitative and which can be directly measured) Cross reference with the HLF Monitoring Spreadsheet.

Outputs for heritage Here you can enter the numbers that you have identified from the Heritage Lottery M&E spreadsheet. You can include additional outcomes and outputs as well. Which aspect of heritage will be:

- better managed Previous woodland archaeological surveys have produced a ten-fold increase in numbers of archaeological features known. AT least 10 known and newly discovered archaeological sites will receive land management prescriptions to protect them.

- in better condition All newly discovered features will be positively treated in any future landscape and woodland management.

- identified and recorded 9 sites will be surveyed to determine archaeology / no archaeology

Outputs for people Here you can plan for how many people and which groups will take part and how will the benefit. How many people will have:

- developed skills 50 volunteers will assist in archaeology assessments in the field and will learn practical field skills.

- received training – certified, uncertified

20 volunteers will be trained in basic archive and field archaeology identification skills.

- learned about heritage 70 volunteers will learn while taking part We will run up to 6 site visits for young archaeologists with an average of 10 (target) attendees per visit We will run 6 site visits for ‘stepping out’ project participants with an average of 10 (target) attendees per visit

- volunteered their time 70 no (target = those who developed skills)

Outcomes for communities This section is less likely to have numbers, but it is where you describe the wider benefit. For instance, “The local farming community will be better recognised for the ecosystem services they supply to others.” But remember that you will be asked to describe how this might be measured later.

- Negative environmental impacts will be reduced

Forestry and woodlands are recognised as sites where heritage and archaeological features have survived within the woodland. These can be either the archaeology of woodlands – i.e. features that are related to the woodland itself – and archaeology within woodlands – i.e. archaeological features that may have existed before the woodland was established. However, modern extraction and replanting are significant risks to this important heritage. Our aim is to identify heritage and archaeological features prior to forestry works and to help put in place management plans that will protect them. Nature reserves and sites such as Storrs Wood are predominantly owned and managed for non-archaeological reasons. As such there are pressures to undertake work such as scrape (shallow bird pools) and footpath construction. Understanding what might lie beneath and be threatened by such work would help secure our archaeological future.

- more people and a wider range of people will have engaged with heritage

Up to 70 people will have learned more about the archaeological heritage of the partenership area.

- your local area/community will be a better place to live, work and visit

The projects identified for this project not only directly address the findings of our surveys and research by theme but have also been chosn to give a good geographical spread across the SLLP. Throughout the SLLP local communities will be ‘invited’ to see and take part in the work we will be doing. In addition the groups specifically engaged with, listed above, will each receive the support of a professional consultant and be able to undertake a project with a view to gaining new members and new momentum .

Consents required In place Y / N

From public bodies N

3rd party landowner agreements

Sheffield & Rotherham Wildlife Trust Storrs Wood owner (Stoneface) Sheffield City Council sites Open access moorland

Yes Yes Yes Not required

Other N

None

Budget headlines

Percentage

HLF Funds required 86000 %52

Partnership / match funding £ secured

60000

%36

Volunteer contribution 20000 %12

In-kind contribution

0 %0

Total £166000 100

Location Map (where will your project happen) Site Grid References. Agden Bog 253 930 Hammonds Field 264 860 Carr House Meadows 283 955 Bitholme Wood 295 965 Newhall Wood 260 983 Lodge Moor 280 860 Pre-history GIS light shade open access W&L Common 310 907 Storrs Wood 298 895 Bloomery sites to be mapped in delivery Story of water – not location based

Photographs

Drystone wall, Ewden Beck (© SYAS) Recorded as an example of enclosure period walling

Former POW hut base, Lodge Moor Plantation (© SYAS)

Demonstrate links / cross-fertilisation to at least 2 other projects

1. SRWT nature reserve projects will be influenced by this research 2. W&L Commoners will also be carrying out a project under the ‘supporting local groups’

programme. 3. The SRWT Connecting Steps project participants will visit a range of projects 4. Much of what we find during these projects will contribute to “Telling local Stories”.

Cross Cutting Themes (Golden Threads) Please note, or reference from previous text, how you will contribute to or work with the following:

1. Priority species recovery N/A

2. Telling local stories Each project will contribute to local history and the W&L Common, Lodge Moor and Storrs Wood project will each tell a specific story.

3. Digital landscape (i.e. using technology) N/A

4. Monitoring and evaluation SYAS will work with the M&E consultants to compile an output report

5. Evidencing ecosystem services N/A

6. Community engagement This is a community engagement project

7. Communicating the good work of the Heritage Lottery Fund, and potentially other supporters. Wadsley & Loxley, Storrs Wood and Lodge Moor will each generate publicly available information (leaflet / notice board)

Biosecurity / Confidentiality When we will be working on the PRoW network and open access land we will not need to follow any specialist biosecurity procedures. Where we gain access to restricted / private areas we will abide by any landowner / manager requirements in regard to biosecurity

Legacy and long-term management implications

Legal and agreements Summary of 3rd party agreements in place or verbally agreed, all sites sit within partnership responsibility. Operational Forestry and woodlands are recognised as sites where archaeological features have survived under the trees. However, modern extraction and replanting are significant risks to this important heritage. Our aim is to identify archaeological features prior to forestry works and to help put in place management plans that will protect them. Strategic The knowledge of location and condition of archaeological features within the surveyed areas will make protection a more realistic option. A more knowledgeable community will be able to carry forward the work to other areas, using the archaeological fieldwork skills learnt during the project.

Partner’s Environmental Policy SCC?

Risks Volunteers discover nothing of significance / interest:

The desktop surveys, consultations and scoping work has been undertaken with the express purpose of ensuring the sites identified can be interpreted. Insufficient volunteers take part: The consultation process of SLLP Development has involved the identification of groups who are actively seeking to undertake this type of project and see it as a method by which they can develop both their own interests and the membership / dynamism of their groups.

Climate Change N/A