Slideshare (lesson # 5)tauheed-course-(batch-january-2014)-al-uluhiyyah-5-march-2014

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LESSON

“INTRODUCTION TO STUDY OF TAUHEED – (AQA’ID) ”

Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for AdultsIntermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

Updated 5 March 2014Updated 5 March 2014

BATCH -

[JANUARY-MAY 2014]

18 weekly class started on : 18 weekly class started on : 15th JANUARY 2014 15th JANUARY 2014

Every Wadnesday night @ 8pm – 10pmEvery Wadnesday night @ 8pm – 10pm

Wisma Indah, 450 Changi Road, #02-00 next to Masjid KassimWisma Indah, 450 Changi Road, #02-00 next to Masjid Kassim

“TAUHEED AL-ULUHIYYAH “

mailto:[email protected]

PREVIOUS TOPICPREVIOUS TOPIC

TO CONTINUETO CONTINUE


From From “TAU“TAUHHEED AL-KHALIQQIYYAH”EED AL-KHALIQQIYYAH” – (Oneness of God, Allah, as the – (Oneness of God, Allah, as the

Creator of all creations) ; the Existence of Allah is established. Creator of all creations) ; the Existence of Allah is established.

YetYet “TAU “TAUHHEED AL-KHALIQQIYYAH” EED AL-KHALIQQIYYAH” is still insufficient attestation of the is still insufficient attestation of the

Oneness of God (Allah) becauseOneness of God (Allah) because idolaters also are aware of this fact idolaters also are aware of this fact

that the God the Creator is Onethat the God the Creator is One. In spite of this, they only view God . In spite of this, they only view God

(Allah) only as the Initiator, and they imagine also that this whole (Allah) only as the Initiator, and they imagine also that this whole

created universe to be free of Allah’s control after it was created and created universe to be free of Allah’s control after it was created and

thus they erroneously ascribe divinity to others in creation as deities, thus they erroneously ascribe divinity to others in creation as deities,

gods, demi-gods etc. – gods, demi-gods etc. – SHIRK SHIRK – whereas these are themselves – whereas these are themselves

creations of the Creator.creations of the Creator.


“If thou ask them, Who Created them, they will certainly say

Allah: how then are they deluded away (from the Truth)?“

(Qur’an: Zukhruf: 43: 9)


And if you asked them, "Who (And if you asked them, "Who (KHALOQAKHALOQA) created the heavens and ) created the heavens and

earth?" they would surely say, "Allah." earth?" they would surely say, "Allah." Say,Say, "[All] praise is [due] to "[All] praise is [due] to

Allah "; but most of them do not know."Allah "; but most of them do not know."

((Qur’an: Luqman: 31: 25Qur’an: Luqman: 31: 25))


“Say: "Are the blind equal with those who see? Or the

depths of darkness equal with Light?" Or do they assign

to Allah partners who have created (anything) as He has

created, so that the creation seemed to them similar?

Say: "Allah is the Creator of all things: He is the One, the

Supreme and Irresistible."

(Qur’an: Ra’ad: 13: 16)


“Say: "Who is the (ROBB) Lord and Sustainer of

the heavens and the earth?"

Say: "(It is) Allah."

Say: "Do ye then take (for worship) protectors

other than Him, such as have no power either for

good or for harm to themselves?“

(Qur’an: Ra’ad: 13: 16)


Some may acknowledge the One Creator (Some may acknowledge the One Creator (AL-KHALIQAL-KHALIQ), but failed to ), but failed to

think of Who is the Lord, Sustainer (think of Who is the Lord, Sustainer (AR-ROBBAR-ROBB) of this whole universe.) of this whole universe.

Most of them, their ignorance of this, “Most of them, their ignorance of this, “TAUTAUHHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAH”, ”,

and their absurd “and their absurd “reasoningreasoning”, led them to believe that this Universe ”, led them to believe that this Universe

is sustained also by pantheons of deities (malevolent forces regarded is sustained also by pantheons of deities (malevolent forces regarded

as gods i.e. having divine powers, or vested with divine powers etc.)as gods i.e. having divine powers, or vested with divine powers etc.)

This is further aggravated by their tendencies to resort to This is further aggravated by their tendencies to resort to

imaginations (imaginations (TATAKHKHAYYULAYYUL) and innovations () and innovations (BID-’AHBID-’AH), based on ), based on

conjectures, guesswork and blind adherence to traditional thinking.conjectures, guesswork and blind adherence to traditional thinking.


Over time, anthropomorphic notions were ascribed unto their concept Over time, anthropomorphic notions were ascribed unto their concept

of god - i.e. they imagine god to behave like human or man-like super of god - i.e. they imagine god to behave like human or man-like super

being. being.

Thus it is that they subscribe to notion regarding multiplicity of gods, Thus it is that they subscribe to notion regarding multiplicity of gods,

whom they also likened like human kings - having wives, consorts and whom they also likened like human kings - having wives, consorts and

family; with ministers and courtiers; having feuds and rebellion in the family; with ministers and courtiers; having feuds and rebellion in the

heavenly kingdom etc.heavenly kingdom etc.

They somewhat imagine and ‘They somewhat imagine and ‘believebelieve’, that all this also affect man’s life ’, that all this also affect man’s life

and destiny on earthand destiny on earth.


Myth and superstitions were regarded as ‘Truth’; conjectures and Myth and superstitions were regarded as ‘Truth’; conjectures and

age-old belief accepted without question. Absurd notions e.g. God age-old belief accepted without question. Absurd notions e.g. God

Incarnating as man, indwelling, and other pantheistic creed etc. are Incarnating as man, indwelling, and other pantheistic creed etc. are

accepted blindly, even though self-evidently, they are contradictory accepted blindly, even though self-evidently, they are contradictory

or antithetical to reason - for the supreme being cannot at the same or antithetical to reason - for the supreme being cannot at the same

time be weak.time be weak.

Thus, with so much uncertainty about ‘Reality,’ but fearful of the Thus, with so much uncertainty about ‘Reality,’ but fearful of the

malignant effect from these ‘forces’ (real or imagined), man is forever malignant effect from these ‘forces’ (real or imagined), man is forever

to appease to the myriads of ‘deities’ and seek their respective to appease to the myriads of ‘deities’ and seek their respective

protections. protections.


Trees, stones, mountains, rivers, animals, man, spirits, grave and Trees, stones, mountains, rivers, animals, man, spirits, grave and

totems, even amulets and idols fashioned by their own hands are totems, even amulets and idols fashioned by their own hands are

regarded as having divine ‘regarded as having divine ‘powerspowers’ and somehow they imagined to ’ and somehow they imagined to

possessing God-like qualities. possessing God-like qualities.

This situation is described in the Holy Qur’an as being in “This situation is described in the Holy Qur’an as being in “ZULUMATZULUMAT” ”

( “( “Darkness Darkness or or IgnoranceIgnorance, and , and InjusticeInjustice” ” ).).


Their ignorance of Who God is (i.e. the concept of the Divinity – Their ignorance of Who God is (i.e. the concept of the Divinity –

((ULUHIYYAH ULUHIYYAH ), and compounded with their materialistic tendencies, ), and compounded with their materialistic tendencies,

led them towards led them towards SHIRKSHIRK – which can be defined as: – which can be defined as:

““falsely setting up or ascribing partners to God from amongst the falsely setting up or ascribing partners to God from amongst the

tangible objects or imaginary things in creation or conceived in the tangible objects or imaginary things in creation or conceived in the

mind, which they regard to be also ‘Divine’ and directing to it, as object mind, which they regard to be also ‘Divine’ and directing to it, as object

of their worship (of their worship (MA’BUDMA’BUD).”).”


They mistakenly assumed that the Supreme God (Allah) to be distant They mistakenly assumed that the Supreme God (Allah) to be distant

from man and totally removed from this terrestrial existence, or that from man and totally removed from this terrestrial existence, or that

His Power is somehow lacking in this terrestrial world.His Power is somehow lacking in this terrestrial world.

Thus, they are attributing falsehood to Allah by denying many of His Thus, they are attributing falsehood to Allah by denying many of His

Absolute power over all of creations and the entire universe.Absolute power over all of creations and the entire universe.

Human arrogance and self-conceit occasionally surfaced to usurp the Human arrogance and self-conceit occasionally surfaced to usurp the

place of the Divine, by blasphemy in denying God’s Infinite place of the Divine, by blasphemy in denying God’s Infinite

Omnipotence.Omnipotence.


““And the Jews say: ‘Allah's hand is shackled! ‘And the Jews say: ‘Allah's hand is shackled! ‘

It is their own hands that are shackled; and rejected (by Allah It is their own hands that are shackled; and rejected (by Allah

and be they cursed) because of their assertion (blasphemy) and be they cursed) because of their assertion (blasphemy)

they utter. they utter. He (Allah) dispenses (bounty) as He willsHe (Allah) dispenses (bounty) as He wills. “. “

((Qur’an: Maa-idah: 5: 64Qur’an: Maa-idah: 5: 64))


Thus according to their thinking, man must be subjected to other Thus according to their thinking, man must be subjected to other

‘‘deitiesdeities’ here, whom they erroneously believe, to ’ here, whom they erroneously believe, to have powers have powers

independent of Allahindependent of Allah, or as though sharing in the divinity of Allah. , or as though sharing in the divinity of Allah.

Even the so called ‘Even the so called ‘atheistsatheists’, are in fact making themselves and their ’, are in fact making themselves and their

desires, to be the ‘God’ – the entity that they are in fact ‘desires, to be the ‘God’ – the entity that they are in fact ‘servingserving’ as ’ as

religiously as any worshippers of God.religiously as any worshippers of God.

For For ‘IBAADAH ‘IBAADAH (worship) is derived from (worship) is derived from ‘ABD ‘ABD (slave / servant). Is it not (slave / servant). Is it not

evident that their lives is in fact to serve their ‘desires’? evident that their lives is in fact to serve their ‘desires’?


““Have you ever considered (the kind of man) who makes his Have you ever considered (the kind of man) who makes his

own desires as his deities (own desires as his deities (ILAAHILAAH) ) ? Could you then (O Prophet) ? Could you then (O Prophet)

be held responsible for them?”be held responsible for them?”

((Qur’an: Furqan: 25: 43Qur’an: Furqan: 25: 43))


Some others may sense, that by directing their servitude or worship Some others may sense, that by directing their servitude or worship

to other ‘to other ‘deitiesdeities’, this may in fact contradict monotheism. ’, this may in fact contradict monotheism.

Yet they try to ‘Yet they try to ‘rationaliserationalise’ away this contradiction by claiming that ’ away this contradiction by claiming that

they believe that these ‘they believe that these ‘deitiesdeities’ are only as mediators or intercessors ’ are only as mediators or intercessors

to the Supreme God (Allah) whom thet consider too pure or too to the Supreme God (Allah) whom thet consider too pure or too

transcendent for human.transcendent for human.

Whereas these sort of smaller ‘Whereas these sort of smaller ‘godsgods’, idols, spirits etc. are accessible ’, idols, spirits etc. are accessible

intermediaries which they regarded to be as also ‘Divine’. intermediaries which they regarded to be as also ‘Divine’.


““Is it not to Allah that sincere devotion is due? But those who take Is it not to Allah that sincere devotion is due? But those who take

for protectors other than Allah (say): "We only serve (worship) them for protectors other than Allah (say): "We only serve (worship) them

((NA’BUDUHUMNA’BUDUHUM) in order that they may bring us nearer to Allah.”) in order that they may bring us nearer to Allah.”

((Qur’an: Zumar: 39: 3Qur’an: Zumar: 39: 3))


Although they acknowledge the existence of a True God, the One Although they acknowledge the existence of a True God, the One

Supreme Being (Allah), but God to them is only as the Creator, Supreme Being (Allah), but God to them is only as the Creator,

Initiator, the First Cause (but Whom they imagine to being totally Initiator, the First Cause (but Whom they imagine to being totally

distant from them) and detached from this world. distant from them) and detached from this world.

Actually Allah (God) cannot be regarded to only be Actually Allah (God) cannot be regarded to only be transcendent, but transcendent, but

must also be immanentmust also be immanent - for our notion of space and time, near and - for our notion of space and time, near and

far, cannot be applied to Allah (God) Who is the Creator of space and far, cannot be applied to Allah (God) Who is the Creator of space and

time – and cannot be bound by it.time – and cannot be bound by it.


Allah’s existence (Allah’s existence (WUJUDWUJUD), cannot be likened as in the sense of ), cannot be likened as in the sense of

existence of this creation – for He is Eternal and Absolute, Infinite, existence of this creation – for He is Eternal and Absolute, Infinite,

Who has power over all things, the Irresistible, the Unfathomable yet Who has power over all things, the Irresistible, the Unfathomable yet

All-Aware. Yet, most non-Muslims do not know or reject this Islamic All-Aware. Yet, most non-Muslims do not know or reject this Islamic

concept regarding God’s existence. concept regarding God’s existence. SUB-HAANALLAH!SUB-HAANALLAH!

Due to such ignorance, their object of worship is diverted towards Due to such ignorance, their object of worship is diverted towards

other than the One true God (Allah), which they conceive as having other than the One true God (Allah), which they conceive as having

Divine powers too, (sharing in managing the world) independently of Divine powers too, (sharing in managing the world) independently of

Allah. Allah.


It is because their knowledge about Allah’s Existence and Divine It is because their knowledge about Allah’s Existence and Divine

Attributes is seriously flawed which led them to the deviation of Attributes is seriously flawed which led them to the deviation of

SHIRKSHIRK (ascribing partners, associate or rivalry to Allah.) (ascribing partners, associate or rivalry to Allah.)

Although Allah’s existence cannot be grasp by any vision, yet this can Although Allah’s existence cannot be grasp by any vision, yet this can

be correctly conceived through knowledge (be correctly conceived through knowledge (MA’RIFATMA’RIFAT). And reason ). And reason

dictates that there can only be one Who Alone, is Infinite, the Divine.dictates that there can only be one Who Alone, is Infinite, the Divine.

Also, man’s materialistic tendencies and misguided inclinations Also, man’s materialistic tendencies and misguided inclinations

further accentuated the misconception of Allah being absent or further accentuated the misconception of Allah being absent or

totally remote.totally remote.


But because they sensed the presence of other unseen power and But because they sensed the presence of other unseen power and

order i.e. regarding how this Universe is being sustained, nurtured order i.e. regarding how this Universe is being sustained, nurtured

and controlled - thus they blindly subscribe to mythical and and controlled - thus they blindly subscribe to mythical and

imaginings of frightened and ignorant humans, and believe in the imaginings of frightened and ignorant humans, and believe in the

many ‘many ‘other godsother gods’ (lesser or equal to Allah).’ (lesser or equal to Allah).

Or, they may innovate with the absurd notion of ‘Or, they may innovate with the absurd notion of ‘incarnationincarnation’ – i.e. ’ – i.e.

God being reborn into the world as a person or persons; or God being reborn into the world as a person or persons; or

‘‘indwellingindwelling’ – i.e. God residing in earthly beings, objects or forms; or ’ – i.e. God residing in earthly beings, objects or forms; or

of man attaining divinity through union with God; etc.of man attaining divinity through union with God; etc.


Even some of the idolaters may accept that there is only One Even some of the idolaters may accept that there is only One

Creator : “Creator : “TAUTAUHHEED AL-KHALIQQIYYAHEED AL-KHALIQQIYYAH”. ”.

Yet, this is incomplete attestation to Oneness of Allah, because Yet, this is incomplete attestation to Oneness of Allah, because

Allah is also the Only One Who is Lord, Sustainer of the worlds – Allah is also the Only One Who is Lord, Sustainer of the worlds –

““ROB-BAL-’AA-LA-MEEN”.ROB-BAL-’AA-LA-MEEN”.


Thus we Muslims are to attest to Oneness of Allah, also in His being Thus we Muslims are to attest to Oneness of Allah, also in His being

the only Lord, Sustainer and Cherisher (the only Lord, Sustainer and Cherisher (RUBUBIYYAHRUBUBIYYAH).).

Allah is not merely the Creator (Initiator) only, as the ‘Allah is not merely the Creator (Initiator) only, as the ‘First CauseFirst Cause’ ’

asserted by the asserted by the Greek philosopher Greek philosopher (and (and Mu’taziliteMu’tazilite), who believed ), who believed

that Allah’s knowledge and power over what He has created, is limited that Allah’s knowledge and power over what He has created, is limited

(general, not detail etc.) (general, not detail etc.)


“ “TAUTAUHHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAH”, is thus the realisation that ”, is thus the realisation that Allah is the Allah is the

Absolute One Who is Lord, the Sustainer and Nourisher of all the Absolute One Who is Lord, the Sustainer and Nourisher of all the

WorldsWorlds. And we are to accept that Allah (God) transcends all others . And we are to accept that Allah (God) transcends all others

which are but His creations - because everything else in this Universe is which are but His creations - because everything else in this Universe is

dependent and ever-subservient to His Will. dependent and ever-subservient to His Will.

Allah is the Sustainer over all creation. Nothing can move nor has any Allah is the Sustainer over all creation. Nothing can move nor has any

ability without Allah, who Alone is the Irresistible, the Lord Supreme. ability without Allah, who Alone is the Irresistible, the Lord Supreme.

Over all things Allah has Power, Whose knowledge encompasses all Over all things Allah has Power, Whose knowledge encompasses all

things.things.


And Allah being “And Allah being “ROBBROBB” (Lord, Sustainer), surely is never ‘” (Lord, Sustainer), surely is never ‘absentabsent’ yet ’ yet

no vision can encompass Him.no vision can encompass Him.

Although we know of the existence of ‘Although we know of the existence of ‘cause and effect cause and effect ’ within ’ within

creation, yet these are merely relative potentials in creations accorded creation, yet these are merely relative potentials in creations accorded

by Allah – not absolute nor are they independent of Allah s.w.t. by Allah – not absolute nor are they independent of Allah s.w.t.

Even those in the spiritual realms e.g. Angels, are but mere creations, Even those in the spiritual realms e.g. Angels, are but mere creations,

having no divine power. having no divine power.

Allah is “Allah is “the Absolute One – the only Divine Beingthe Absolute One – the only Divine Being”. Unique without ”. Unique without

partner nor rival.partner nor rival.


BELIEVE IN THE ONE GOD – BELIEVE IN THE ONE GOD – WHO ALONE IS THE WHO ALONE IS THE CREATOR DIVINE.CREATOR DIVINE.

( AL-KHALIQ-QIYYAH ))

BELIEVE IN THE ONE GOD – BELIEVE IN THE ONE GOD – WHO ALONE IS THE WHO ALONE IS THE SUSTAINER DIVINE. SUSTAINER DIVINE.

( AR-RUBUBIYYAH )

This is not unique to Muslims.

Even pagan worshippers and

idolaters acknowledge this.

This is where Muslims differ with

pagan worshippers, idolaters and

unbelievers, because they

erroneously ascribe to others

besides Allah, similar ‘Divine’

roles in the Sustainment of this

universe.


It can be seen that the realization concerning the existence of God, It can be seen that the realization concerning the existence of God,

the Creator and Sustainer alone cannot guarantee that man will not the Creator and Sustainer alone cannot guarantee that man will not

be led astray into ascribing partners to Him. be led astray into ascribing partners to Him.

IMPORTANT CLARIFICATIONIMPORTANT CLARIFICATION


It is often discovered that the concept of, or what is the “It is often discovered that the concept of, or what is the “godgod” (i.e. the ” (i.e. the

divine being)” we are referring to, actually may be different amongst divine being)” we are referring to, actually may be different amongst

people, culture or religious doctrine. people, culture or religious doctrine. Especially when people ‘blindly’ Especially when people ‘blindly’

accept whatever doctrines held by others without verification. Some accept whatever doctrines held by others without verification. Some

even try to ‘cover’ obvious absurdity (antithesis; rational impossibility), even try to ‘cover’ obvious absurdity (antithesis; rational impossibility),

by sweeping it under the term ‘mystery’. by sweeping it under the term ‘mystery’.

This defect in a person’s belief stems from heedlessness and ignorance This defect in a person’s belief stems from heedlessness and ignorance

((JAHILJAHIL) regarding the true knowledge of the “) regarding the true knowledge of the “DivineDivine” ( ” ( ILAAHIYAT ILAAHIYAT ).).



Even though when they do acknowledge Allah (God) as the Lord, Even though when they do acknowledge Allah (God) as the Lord,

Sustainer of the worlds, because they regard others also to be Sustainer of the worlds, because they regard others also to be

““divinedivine”, this negates the concept of ”, this negates the concept of TAUTAUHHEEDEED - which is termed as - which is termed as

““SHIRKSHIRK” (ascribing partners to Allah). ” (ascribing partners to Allah).



Those who wrongly advocate that (Those who wrongly advocate that (MUSHRIKEENMUSHRIKEEN) pagans of Makkah, ) pagans of Makkah,

the ignorant (the ignorant (JAHILIYYAH JAHILIYYAH ), ‘insisting’ that they too adhered to our ), ‘insisting’ that they too adhered to our

concept of “concept of “TAUTAUHHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAH” while also committing ” while also committing

““SHIRK SHIRK ”, obviously they are confusing the terms:”, obviously they are confusing the terms:

“ “TAUTAUHHEEDEED” is contrary to “” is contrary to “SHIRK SHIRK ”. Combining these is antithetical, an ”. Combining these is antithetical, an

absurdity. absurdity.



The verses often quoted by these advocates may have been hastily The verses often quoted by these advocates may have been hastily

assumed – misinterpreted as though the assumed – misinterpreted as though the MUSHRIKEENMUSHRIKEEN accepted the accepted the

same concept as that of our Prophet Muhammad’s s.a.a.w. teaching. same concept as that of our Prophet Muhammad’s s.a.a.w. teaching.

Whereas these verses are actually “Whereas these verses are actually “the line of argumentsthe line of arguments” which ” which

Allah commanded the Prophet s.a.a.w. to put forth to them Allah commanded the Prophet s.a.a.w. to put forth to them BECAUSEBECAUSE

they had committed they had committed SHIRKSHIRK. .

In other words – to correct them in their misunderstanding of Allah’s In other words – to correct them in their misunderstanding of Allah’s

RUBUBIYYAHRUBUBIYYAH ( (LordshipLordship) , which if this Qur’anic argument is followed, ) , which if this Qur’anic argument is followed,

it will ultimately lead them to it will ultimately lead them to TAUTAUHHEEDEED..



An example:An example:

SaySay, [O Muhammad], "To whom belongs the earth and , [O Muhammad], "To whom belongs the earth and

whoever is in it, if you should know?“ They will say, "To Allah." whoever is in it, if you should know?“ They will say, "To Allah."

SaySay, "Then will you not remember?“, "Then will you not remember?“

((Qur’an: Mu’-minun: 23: 84-85Qur’an: Mu’-minun: 23: 84-85))


This verse invites the This verse invites the MUSHRIKEENMUSHRIKEEN to consider who the Ownership to consider who the Ownership

of creation belongs to. This is to lead them on to the obvious correct of creation belongs to. This is to lead them on to the obvious correct

conclusion that it must belong to Allah.conclusion that it must belong to Allah.

The phrase “The phrase “they will say: to Allahthey will say: to Allah” – obviously indicate that their ” – obviously indicate that their

position is position is SHIRKSHIRK, which through this reasoning (regarding ownership , which through this reasoning (regarding ownership

which must belong to only One All Powerful and Absolute Owner) which must belong to only One All Powerful and Absolute Owner)

they can eventually be persuaded to reconsider because tthey can eventually be persuaded to reconsider because there here

cannot be two or more Absolute Owner – as this is antithetical.cannot be two or more Absolute Owner – as this is antithetical.



Another example:Another example:

SaySay, "Who is Lord (, "Who is Lord (ROBBROBB) of the seven heavens and Lord of ) of the seven heavens and Lord of

the Great Throne?“ They will say, "[They belong] to Allah." the Great Throne?“ They will say, "[They belong] to Allah."

SaySay, "Then will you not fear Him?", "Then will you not fear Him?"

((Qur’an: Mu’-minun: 23: 86-87Qur’an: Mu’-minun: 23: 86-87))


Another example:Another example:

SaySay, "In whose hand is the realm of all things - and He protects while , "In whose hand is the realm of all things - and He protects while

none can protect against Him - if you should know?“none can protect against Him - if you should know?“

They will say, "[All belongs] to Allah." They will say, "[All belongs] to Allah." SaySay, "Then how are you , "Then how are you

deluded?"deluded?"

((Qur’an: Mu’-minun: 23: 88-89Qur’an: Mu’-minun: 23: 88-89))All Rights Reserved ©Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail.2014

Again these verses are not affirmation that the Again these verses are not affirmation that the MUSHRIKEENMUSHRIKEEN

acknowledge acknowledge TAUTAUHHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAH as some have mistakenly as some have mistakenly

assumed or is assuming. It actually invites the assumed or is assuming. It actually invites the MUSHRIKEENMUSHRIKEEN to now to now

consider regarding who is Sustaining and Maintaining all of creation consider regarding who is Sustaining and Maintaining all of creation

((RUBUBIYYAHRUBUBIYYAH). ).

This would obviously lead them to the correct conclusion that there This would obviously lead them to the correct conclusion that there

can only be One Robb, Allah – Lord, Sustainer, Cherisher of all the can only be One Robb, Allah – Lord, Sustainer, Cherisher of all the

worlds.worlds.



Surely, tSurely, there cannot be two or more Absolute Sustainer – because here cannot be two or more Absolute Sustainer – because

if it were to be so, there would be chaos and disorder.if it were to be so, there would be chaos and disorder.



Surely, tSurely, there cannot be two or more Absolute Sustainer – because here cannot be two or more Absolute Sustainer – because

if it were to be so, there would be chaos and disorder.if it were to be so, there would be chaos and disorder.


“ “ If there were therein Gods beside AllahIf there were therein Gods beside Allah, then verily both , then verily both

(the heavens and the earth would) had been disordered. (the heavens and the earth would) had been disordered.

Glorified be Allah, the Lord of the Throne, from all that they Glorified be Allah, the Lord of the Throne, from all that they

ascribe (unto Him).” ascribe (unto Him).”

((Qur’an: Anbiya: 21:22Qur’an: Anbiya: 21:22) )


Again, the phrase “Again, the phrase “they will say: to Allah (belongs the Lordship)they will say: to Allah (belongs the Lordship)” – ” –

indicate their being obviously in indicate their being obviously in SHIRKSHIRK, which through this line of , which through this line of

reasoning (regarding Who is the Lord and Sustainer) they can be reasoning (regarding Who is the Lord and Sustainer) they can be

made to see their error and thus persuaded to reconsider made to see their error and thus persuaded to reconsider

TAUTAUHHEEDEED..



Again we reiterate - These verses do not in any way affirm that Again we reiterate - These verses do not in any way affirm that

these Makkan idol worshippers in the times of the Prophet these Makkan idol worshippers in the times of the Prophet

s.a.a.w. held the same belief of s.a.a.w. held the same belief of TAUTAUHHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAH. It . It

only showed that because their knowledge of “ only showed that because their knowledge of “ RUBUBIYYAHRUBUBIYYAH “ is “ is

flawed or skewed, it had led them to flawed or skewed, it had led them to SHIRKSHIRK..

Therefore it only sought to clarify their error in reasoning and Therefore it only sought to clarify their error in reasoning and

misunderstanding – a method of misunderstanding – a method of Da’wahDa’wah and and Mau-’izahMau-’izah..



More example:More example:


More example:More example:

“Say: "Who is the (ROBB) Lord and Sustainer of

the heavens and the earth?"

Say (i.e. tell them): "(It is) Allah."

Say: "Do ye then take (for worship) protectors

other than Him, such as have no power either for

good or for harm to themselves?“

(Qur’an: Ra’ad: 13: 16)


It can be discern that people’s idea or knowledge that God

exist, generally firstly pertains to Him being the Creator.

But, when we further consider God’s role in the universe and

man’s life, differences occur.

Those who deny Him as the only (ROBB) Absolute Sustainer,

Cherisher of the universe, they would inadvertently, be

committing SHIRK - ascribing to others this divine role.

BELIEVE IN THE ONE GOD – BELIEVE IN THE ONE GOD – WHO ALONE IS THE DIVINE. WHO ALONE IS THE DIVINE.

( AL-ULUHIYYAH )


Therefore, because some people’s knowledge of God may still be Therefore, because some people’s knowledge of God may still be

ambiguous, they need to have clear understanding of what we mean ambiguous, they need to have clear understanding of what we mean

by “by “Divinity and the concept of the DivineDivinity and the concept of the Divine” termed – ” termed – ULUHIYYAHULUHIYYAH..

That in regard to God being “Divine” (That in regard to God being “Divine” (ILAAHILAAH) – there is only One, Who ) – there is only One, Who

alone is the Divine, without associates or partners.alone is the Divine, without associates or partners.

This is termed – This is termed – TAUTAUHHEED AL-ULUHIYYAHEED AL-ULUHIYYAH..


Knowledge concerning the “Divine” (ILAAHIYAT)Knowledge concerning the “Divine” (ILAAHIYAT)

In Islam, this ‘knowledge about God’ termed as In Islam, this ‘knowledge about God’ termed as

““MA’RIFATULLAAHMA’RIFATULLAAH”, is the beginning of religion.”, is the beginning of religion.

In Islam, the Truth about God must come from Allah Himself In Islam, the Truth about God must come from Allah Himself

through Revelations, especially to His Final Prophet, Muhammad through Revelations, especially to His Final Prophet, Muhammad

s.a.a.w..s.a.a.w..



In one of the shortest Surah (Chapter 112) named In one of the shortest Surah (Chapter 112) named “Surah Al-Ikhlas” “Surah Al-Ikhlas”

(Chapter on Purity of Faith) in the Qur’an, the concept as to Who God, (Chapter on Purity of Faith) in the Qur’an, the concept as to Who God,

the Divine is, has been concisely explained (yet it is amazingly the Divine is, has been concisely explained (yet it is amazingly

profound):profound):



““Say : He is Allah, the Absolute One. Say : He is Allah, the Absolute One.

Allah is the Eternal, the Most Besought of all Allah is the Eternal, the Most Besought of all **, ,

He begets not, and neither is He begotten; He begets not, and neither is He begotten;

and there is nothing that could be compared to Him.”and there is nothing that could be compared to Him.”

((Qur’an: al-Ikhlas: 112: 1-4Qur’an: al-Ikhlas: 112: 1-4))


Criterion which clarify our concept of GodCriterion which clarify our concept of God

[1] The name, proper noun for God is “[1] The name, proper noun for God is “ALLAHALLAH” -” - He, most Exalted, is the Absolute One: indivisible, unique, the He, most Exalted, is the Absolute One: indivisible, unique, the

only Divine, without any other, before or after. only Divine, without any other, before or after.

If one entertains the possibility of another like “If one entertains the possibility of another like “ALLAH ALLAH ”, then his ”, then his

understanding of what constitute the “understanding of what constitute the “DivinityDivinity” is seriously ” is seriously

flawed. flawed.



“ “Allah” Allah” : : Arabic proper noun; name for God, it Arabic proper noun; name for God, it

refers to the One and Only, the Unique Creator, refers to the One and Only, the Unique Creator,

Lord Sustainer of the Universe, Who Alone is Lord Sustainer of the Universe, Who Alone is

God – there is none besides Allah.God – there is none besides Allah.

No equivalent translation in non-Semitic No equivalent translation in non-Semitic

language.language.



[2] “Allah” is referred to as “[2] “Allah” is referred to as “As-SwomadAs-Swomad” (in Arabic) which has a ” (in Arabic) which has a

profound meaning.profound meaning.

There is no equivalent word for it in English, and requires There is no equivalent word for it in English, and requires

explanations.explanations.

**the original Arabic word the original Arabic word ““As-SwomadAs-Swomad” ” means means ““the Eternal, the the Eternal, the

Uncaused Cause of all beingUncaused Cause of all being””



“ “As-Swomad” As-Swomad” is therefore applied to God is therefore applied to God

Alone. It comprises the concept of the Primary Cause and Eternal, Alone. It comprises the concept of the Primary Cause and Eternal,

independent Being; and also the idea that everything existing or independent Being; and also the idea that everything existing or

conceivable goes back to Him as its source; and is therefore conceivable goes back to Him as its source; and is therefore

dependent on Him for its beginning as well as for its continued dependent on Him for its beginning as well as for its continued

existence.existence.



[3] “[3] “AllahAllah” – is the only “” – is the only “DivineDivine”.”.

Islam categorically refute any false notion which people ascribe to the Islam categorically refute any false notion which people ascribe to the

““DivineDivine”, especially that of God procreating (begetting another God).”, especially that of God procreating (begetting another God).

A “A “DivineDivine” exists without need for any other, whereas “” exists without need for any other, whereas “sonson” requires a ” requires a

father. These two terms together are antithetical (contradictory and father. These two terms together are antithetical (contradictory and

absurd).absurd).



[4] Since “[4] Since “AllahAllah” – is Unique and the only “” – is Unique and the only “DivineDivine”, there is nothing ”, there is nothing

that can be compared to Him, absolutely there can be no equivalent.that can be compared to Him, absolutely there can be no equivalent.

Whatever we can visualize or imagine, fall short of Allah’s Exaltedness, Whatever we can visualize or imagine, fall short of Allah’s Exaltedness,

and must negated - Glory be to Allah ( and must negated - Glory be to Allah ( SUB-SUB-HHAANALLAAH AANALLAAH ). ).


Only Allah is the God (Only Allah is the God (AL- ILAAH AL- ILAAH ), there is no other that is God except ), there is no other that is God except

““ALLAH ALLAH ”.”.

““LAA – ILAA-HA – IL-LALLAAH”LAA – ILAA-HA – IL-LALLAAH”


IMPORTANT TO NOTEIMPORTANT TO NOTE

Conceptually regarding this aspect therefore:Conceptually regarding this aspect therefore:

“ “ to only regard to only regard AllahAllah as the only Absolute One in His Divinity as the only Absolute One in His Divinity

((ULUHIYYAHULUHIYYAH), and ), and to regard to regard AllahAllah as the only Absolute as the only Absolute

Sustainer Sustainer ((RUBUBIYYAHRUBUBIYYAH) marks the ) marks the True Criterion in the True Criterion in the

belief in the Oneness of belief in the Oneness of Allah Allah ((TAUTAUHHEEDEED)). “. “


TAUTAUHHEEDEED (Attesting to the Oneness of God), is not merely knowledge (Attesting to the Oneness of God), is not merely knowledge

but must be a ‘but must be a ‘convictionconviction’ which one becomes totally committed to.’ which one becomes totally committed to.

How, or what then is required of those who claim to believe?How, or what then is required of those who claim to believe?

Alas, some people may claim to study ‘Alas, some people may claim to study ‘TAUTAUHHEEDEED’, but they are not ’, but they are not

necessarily a “necessarily a “MUWAAMUWAAHHEEDEED” (” (one who attest to the Oneness of Allahone who attest to the Oneness of Allah).).


The opposite co-relation when we use the term “The opposite co-relation when we use the term “ROBBROBB” (” (Lord, Lord,

Sustainer, NourisherSustainer, Nourisher etc.) is connected to the term etc.) is connected to the term ’ABIID’ABIID - plural from - plural from

singular – singular – ‘ABD ‘ABD ( meaning ( meaning “ “ Slave, servant, devotee or worshipperSlave, servant, devotee or worshipper”.)”.)

One may acknowledge Allah as “One may acknowledge Allah as “ROBBROBB”, but if he does not regard ”, but if he does not regard

himself as Allah’s “himself as Allah’s “slaveslave”, then such ‘”, then such ‘acknowledgementacknowledgement’ is false and ’ is false and

meaningless. Nay, it may be regarded as a ‘mockery’.meaningless. Nay, it may be regarded as a ‘mockery’.


Thus the implication of the awareness of “Thus the implication of the awareness of “TAUTAUHHEED AL- ULUHIYYAHEED AL- ULUHIYYAH” ”

and “and “TAUTAUHHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAHEED AR-RUBUBIYYAH” must lead us to consider the true ” must lead us to consider the true

purpose of our existence, as only to become the “purpose of our existence, as only to become the “ ’ABIID ’ABIID ” (” (slaves, slaves,

devotees, servants or worshippersdevotees, servants or worshippers) of Allah SWT. ) of Allah SWT.


WHY HAVE WE BEEN CREATED ?WHY HAVE WE BEEN CREATED ?

Allah SWT reveals: Allah SWT reveals:


WHY HAVE WE BEEN CREATED ?WHY HAVE WE BEEN CREATED ?

Allah SWT reveals: Allah SWT reveals:

““I have only created I have only created jinnsjinns and men, that they may serve and men, that they may serve

(worship) Me. (worship) Me. No sustenance do I require of them nor do No sustenance do I require of them nor do

I require that they should feed Me. For Allah is He Who I require that they should feed Me. For Allah is He Who

gives (all) Sustenance― Lord of Power, Steadfast (forever).”gives (all) Sustenance― Lord of Power, Steadfast (forever).”

((Qur’an: Adzaariyat: 51: 56-58Qur’an: Adzaariyat: 51: 56-58))


In matters of our (In matters of our (‘IBAADAH ‘IBAADAH or or ‘UBUDIYYAH‘UBUDIYYAH) – Worship and servitude, ) – Worship and servitude,

it is only to Allah, Who Alone is for us “it is only to Allah, Who Alone is for us “AL-MA’-BUUD AL-MA’-BUUD ” (“” (“the One, unto the One, unto

Whom we direct our worship or prayer toWhom we direct our worship or prayer to” ), which we assert to be ” ), which we assert to be

different from objects worshipped by others, because it is Allah, the different from objects worshipped by others, because it is Allah, the

Only One Who rightfully deserves to be Worshipped.Only One Who rightfully deserves to be Worshipped.


Note the distinction between the “Note the distinction between the “Divine BeingDivine Being” (” (ILAAHILAAH) and “) and “that that

which is worshippedwhich is worshipped” (” (MA’-BUDMA’-BUD).).

Although it is correct to state:Although it is correct to state:

There is no There is no “ILAAH” “ILAAH” (god i.e. One Who is Divine) (god i.e. One Who is Divine)

except Allah.except Allah.

But we cannot, or it is in fact wrong, to say: But we cannot, or it is in fact wrong, to say:

There is no There is no “MA’-BUUD” “MA’-BUUD” (that which is worshipped) (that which is worshipped)



To use the term To use the term ““MA’-BUUD MA’-BUUD ””, we have to qualify with , we have to qualify with

the term ( the term ( BI-HAQQI BI-HAQQI ) :) :

There is no There is no “MA’-BUUD” “MA’-BUUD” (BI-HAQQI - ) (BI-HAQQI - )

that is that is rightfully rightfully ( to be worshipped )( to be worshipped )



Thus it is that we reject notion of transcendental unity of religion, that Thus it is that we reject notion of transcendental unity of religion, that

certain people advocate, because even those claiming to be certain people advocate, because even those claiming to be

‘‘monotheistsmonotheists’ may not even adhere to the same notion or criteria of ’ may not even adhere to the same notion or criteria of

““TAUTAUHHEEDEED” advocated by all the Prophets of Allah (peace and blessings ” advocated by all the Prophets of Allah (peace and blessings

be upon them all). What more those already referred to as be upon them all). What more those already referred to as

MUSHRIKEENMUSHRIKEEN or with similar paganistic belief. or with similar paganistic belief.

Allah SWT commands us to say to the Allah SWT commands us to say to the KAAFIRUNKAAFIRUN ( (unbelievers, or those unbelievers, or those

who reject faithwho reject faith) :) :


Say: “O ye that reject Faith! I worship not that which Say: “O ye that reject Faith! I worship not that which

ye worship. Nor will ye worship that which I worship. ye worship. Nor will ye worship that which I worship.

And I will not worship that which ye have been wont to And I will not worship that which ye have been wont to

worship. Nor will ye worship that which I worship. To worship. Nor will ye worship that which I worship. To

you be your Way, and to me mine.”you be your Way, and to me mine.”

Qur’an: al-Kaafirun: 109: 1-6Qur’an: al-Kaafirun: 109: 1-6))


Thus to assert that only Thus to assert that only AllahAllah alone is the God ( alone is the God (AL-ILAAHAL-ILAAH), the only ), the only

rightful “rightful “MA’-BUUD MA’-BUUD ” – and thus we must first reject any other (false ” – and thus we must first reject any other (false

deities which people may ascribe) to be God.deities which people may ascribe) to be God.

““LAA – ILAA-HA – IL - LALLAAH”LAA – ILAA-HA – IL - LALLAAH”


NOTE:NOTE:

In this statement it contains 2 aspects:In this statement it contains 2 aspects:

[1] [1] NAFI NAFI – Negation– Negation

[2] [2] ITSBAT ITSBAT - Affirmation - Affirmation

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