B Y : R O C H E L L E S A B D A O N A T O

Objectives

1. Define the term roof and roofing materials.

2. Briefly discuss the roof design in the Philippines.

3.Enumerate the different kinds of roofing materials.

Roof – means the top covering of a building that serves as a protective covering from the weather.

Roofing materials-refers to the kind of materials used in the construction of the roof.

Traditional Philippines houses had “dos aguas” or “quatro aguas” roofs. These terms are a carryover from the Spanish “un tejado de dos aguas”, a simple ridged roof or “un tejadode quatro aguas” a hip roof.

Simple ridged roof Hip Roof

Hip Roof

The hip roof has been very popular in traditional Philippine buildings and for good reason. In a land where buildings are buffeted by typhoons every year, the hip roof is streamlined, giving the winds little purchase.

Certainly the aesthetic for this roof is inspired by the roof profile of the beloved Philippine “bahay kubo” native bamboo house. Filipinos, rich or poor, seem to have a deep attachment to life in the provinces

Roof Design in the Philippines

The kind of roof was popular in the 19th century, during the Commonwealth era it starts to see a modification which adds roof vents.

PANAY ISLAND BAHAY KUBOThis rustic bahay kubo roof design, transferred to wood frame,

GUIMBAL, ILOILO MUNICIPAL BUILDING.

HOUSE IN LUCBAN, QUEZON PROVINCE, OUR ARCHITECTURAL MODEL.In Western architectural lingo such roofs are called “gablet” roofs or “Dutch gable” roofs.

Forms of roofing materials

Fiber

Wood

Slate Tiles

Metal

Plastics FiberglassReinforced Concreate

Fiber Roofing

Is a cheap kind of materials used for roofing made out of tar felt, Nipa, Anahaw, Coconut leaves, Abaca leaves or other materials.

Fiber Roofing is laid on undersurfaces made of tongue and groove (T &G) wood board preferably well-sensored or kiln-dried to prevent warping and splitting of woods due to alternating temperature that causes tearing of the fiber..

Wood Roofing

The price of wood shingles falls right between affordable asphalt shingles and more expensive tile shingles.

Wood shingles are:

•More environmentally friendly than other types of shingles

•Durable

•Able to last between 30 and 50 years

•Energy-efficient

•Available in cedar and redwood

One of the biggest drawbacks of wood shingles is they’re more likely to catch fire than other shingle materials. The wood shingles’ installation process can be rather difficult for the uninitiated. You’ll also want to take preventative measures to keep your roof from suffering from the ravages of termites and mold.

Metal Roofing

The materials used under this category are classified as follows:

Galvanized IronAluminumTin (terne Plate)Titanium Copper Zinc AlloyCopperCopper Bearing SteelStainless SteelLead with 4% to 6% antimony

Metal (Galvanized Iron Sheets)

Galvanized iron roofing is either plain or corrugated. The thickness are measured in terms of “Gauge” from numbers 14-30. The sheet becomes thinner as the guagenumber increases

Corrugated G.I. Sheets

The most popular and commonly specified considering the advantages that it offers to the builders and homeowners,The standard commercial size width is 32”, 80 m length that ranges from 5 to 12 (1.50 to 3.60 m).Corrugated G.I Sheets is the most common and extensively used roofing materials for residential, commercial, religious as well as industrial buildings Plain G.I sheet commercial standard size is 36” x 8 Ft, 90 x 2.40 m long

G.I. is used for1. Roofing2. Gutters3. Flashing4. Ridges5. Hip and valley rolls6. Downspout7. Straps for rivetting

Metal roofing is very affordable when constructed from a low-galvanized metal. Other types of metal to install include copper, tin, zinc and aluminum.Take good care of your metal roof and it can last you for as many as 50 years. One disadvantage of metal roofing is that it can become rather noisy whenever there’s hail or rain. Some repairs that come with owning metal roofing include:

•Loose nails

•Holes or rust patches

•Leaks or moisture

•Curled up seams and edges

Ceramic Tile

Tile shingles can be molded inseveral different shapes and areoften made in lighter colors,which keeps them cool. Theyare also:•Often seen on properties thathave a colonial Spanish orMediterranean style•Some of the most visuallyappealing and enduring (lastingfor roughly 80 years)

Some common problems that come with tile shingles include leaks, small cracks or holes and cracked or broken tiles. To repair them, you can:•Fill the cracks or holes with plastic roofing cement•Seal or join the cracks•Pry up the tiles around the cracked and broken ones and then replace them•Spread roofing cement around the cracks or holes

Bitumen Tile

Bitumen tile cover with fiber glass, cellulose, polyester and a special paint. Owing to a bitumen rubber layer, the tile perfectly docks with adjacent sheets, creating an excellent waterproofing. Also it has good plasticity owing to what it can be bent hands somehow (especially it is useful at complex roofing). The choice of a bias amazes: from 12 degrees up to a maximum.

Slate

Slate shingles have been known to last anywhere from 80 to 100 years and have some of the best water and damage resistance properties, which is ideal for frigid winter temperatures. Color options for slate shingles include green, black, gray and red.Before you get too excited about the sound of slate shingles, know that they can be:•Pricey when compared with other types of shingles•Expensive to repair, because there aren’t very many companies that specialize in this particular type of shingle material•Quite heavy and may not be an ideal match if your home can’t easily handle the weight

Asphalt shingles are one of the best values you can buy with regard to roofing materials for your home. They are simple to install, and their prices are reasonable, making their up-front cost.

Article fromBob Vila

Steel roofing is popular due to its high durability and fire resistance. Learn the basic types of steel roofing systems!