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TRUYN THNG QUANGNi dung chnh:V tr tng quan ca truyn thng quang.Tng quanNi s qua u im, dn n ng dng ca truyn thng quang trong thc t.Qu trnh pht trin ca truyn thng quangNguyn l hot ng ca h thng truyn thng quang. Trnh by Cu to ca mt h thn truyn thng, sau trnh by cc b phn ch yu ca h thng:Si quang: cu to, phn loi, c tnh.B Thu QuangB Pht Quang.c tnh ca h thng truyn thng quang.S h thng.Phn loi h thngCc vn nh hng ti h thng.Tng kt, nu r li u im. Cho nn tng lai truyn thng quang s pht trin, ri nu hng pht trin ca TT quang.Pht trin ca cng ngh thng tin

1.GII THIU Dch v a phng tinS lng ngi dng

Truyn thng pht trinTruyn thng quangSlide cha r , i hi ngi thuyt trnh phi ni nhiu.32. Qu trnh pht trin:

Trong thp nin 1960,K.C.Kao v G.A. Hockham chng minh tnh kh thi ca vic truyn ti thng tin c m ha thnh cc tn hiu nh sng thng qua mt si thy tinh.Ngay sau ,cc si n quang(single-mode) c pht trin,t l tht thot nh sng t hn v h tr tc d liu cao hn.Ghp knh phn chia theo bc sng vi mt caoWave Division Multiplexing (DWDM) l bc tin trin tip theo,lm tng kh nng ca cc si n xp x mt ngn byte.Nm 1976, h thng thng tin quang ln u tin c lp t ti Atlanta (M) vi c ly lp 10km, tc 45 MbPs.Ngy nay si quang t n mc suy hao rt nh, gi tr suy hao 0,154 db/km ti bc sng 1550 nm. Gi tr suy hao gn t ti tr s ly thuyt cho cc si n mode 0,14 db/km..

Qu kh khan, nn trnh by di dng gin thi gianQu kh khan, nn trnh by di dng s thi gian4Qu kh khan, nn trnh by di dng gin thi gian1.2.1 U IM CA TRUYN THNG QUANG V CP QUANGSuy hao thp.Di thng rng. Trng lng nh. Kch thc nhKhng b can nhiu sng in t v in cng nghip.Tnh an tonTnh bo mtTnh linh hotYu cu thm HNH NH lm ni bt cc tnh nng ca QuangPhn ny c th a ln trc.- Gii thch mt s l do n gin v u nhc im bng hnh nh.- Nhng u nhc lin quan ti c ch s trnh by sau khi ni xong phn c ch!5Yu cu thm HNH NH lm ni bt cc tnh nng ca QuangPhn ny c th a ln trc.- Gii thch mt s l do n gin v u nhc im bng hnh nh.- Nhng u nhc lin quan ti c ch s trnh by sau khi ni xong phn c ch!Vn v bin i in quangDn, d gy. Vn v sa cha. Vn an ton lao ng. 1.2.2 NHC IM CA TRUYN THNG QUANG V CP QUANGcn hnh nh thm1.1 CU TRC C BN CA MT H THNG THNG TIN QUANG

B pht quangB thu quangCp si quangB lpC th them hiu ng cho thy r qu trnh chuyn i quang in v truyn i.7C th them hiu ng cho thy r qu trnh chuyn i quang in v truyn i.1.2 CHC NNG CA CC KHI C BNKhi E/O (b pht quang - Transmitter): bin tn hiu in thnh tn hiu quang. Linh kin:LED hoc LASER.Khi O/E (b thu quang - Receiver): Bin tn hiu quang thnh tn hiu in. Linh kin: PIN v APD (Photo-detector).Si Quang: Mi trng truyn tn hiu quang.B lp: Ti to tn hiu quang suy yu.

Si quangNhc li mt s kin thc quang:2 thuyt v tnh cht ca nh sng:Thuyt Quang hnh hc: gip ta nghin cu v ng truyn ca nh sng trong si quang.nh l phn x v khc x nh sang.Thuyt Quang Lng t: gip nghin cu su hn v qu trnh truyn ca nh sang; dn ti cc c tnh chuyn su hn ca si quang.Tnh cht ht ca nh sang.Nng lng song: e = hf.Hnh nh si quang

3. Si quang

3.1 Cu toCore (li) : Trung tm phn chiu ca si quang ni nh sng i, lm bng si thy tinh hoc plastic.Cladding (o): Vt cht quang (kim loi, fluor, si quang kt tinh)bn ngoi bao bc li m phn x nh sng tr li vo li.Buffer coating (v bc): Lp ph do (nha PVC) bn ngoi bo v si khng b hng v m t Strength Materriel: Thnh phn ny c cc hng sn xut cp si quang thm vo theo tng chng loi c th tng cng s chc chn ca cp nhm hn ch ti a lc c hc c th tc ln si cp quangStrength member l lp chu nhit, chu ko cng, thng lm t cc si KevlarJacket: Hng trm hay hng ngn si quang c t trong b gi l cp quang.Nhng b ny c bo v bi lp ph bn ngoi ca cp c gi l jacket.

123.2. c im Si quang suy hao truyn dn thp (c ly trn 50km mi cn b lp), s dng ngun thp hn.Bng thng lnnh v mng, gim kch thc ng truyn.Tc cao (>10Gb/s).Tui th di. C an ton, bo mt cao: Khng b r r tn hiu v d ko di khi cn.Khng chu nh hng ca Nhiu cm ng in t gia cc si gn nhauChng chy n.

an ton + bo mt: thng tin truyn i trn si quang kh b ly trm mt cch n gin.Khng nhiu cm ng: tn s cao (nh sch kh kin) tinh cht ht mnh hn nn cm ng in t ca tinh cht song yu i.4 c im v thng s c biu sau.3 c im sau (an toan, nhiu, bo mt) s trinh by vi hnh si quan slide trc.13thm s liu so snh vi mng dy ng thoog thng thy c u im.Tc cao = suy hap thp + bng thng ln + KO nhiu cm ngan ton + bo mt: thng tin truyn i trn si quang koong b r r do rt kh b ly trm mt cch n gin.Cp quang khng d lp t v vic x l, ct ni cp rt phc tp.Mt s c imTc cam kt quc t: Tc truy cp cc server quc tTc : Theo gi ccC li truyn dn: o bo ng nh tn hiu143.3. Phn loiPhn loi theo ch s chit sut

Phn loi theo mod truyn dnPhn loi theo vt liu3.3. Phn loi

A: bn knh li si quangB: bn knh lp bc si quang.16nh sng i trong si SI v GI

nh sng i trong si GI3.2. Phn loiPhn loi theo ch s chit sut

Phn loi theo mod truyn dnPhn loi theo vt liu3.2.b Phn loi Mod truyn dn

Nhiu mode c truyn i trong si quang. Mi mode c truyn theo mt bc (order), tng ng vi gc lan truyn nht nh.19

Multimode stepped index (chit xut bc): Li ln (100 micron), cc tia to xung nh sng c th i theo nhiu ng khc nhau trong li: thng, zig-zag ti im n s nhn cc chm tia ring l, v vy xung d b mo dng. Multimode graded index (chit xut lin tc): Li c ch s khc x gim dn t trong ra ngoi cladding. Cc tia gn trc truyn chm hn cc tia gn cladding. Cc tia theo ng cong thay v zig-zag. Cc chm tia ti im hi t, v vy xung t b mo dng.

203.2. Phn loiPhn loi theo ch s chit sutPhn loi theo mod truyn dn

Phn loi theo vt liuTheo cu trc d liuSi thy tinhSi li thy tinh v cht doSi thy tinh nhiu thnh phnSi cht do

B Pht & Thu

4. 2 Nguyn l pht thu c bn

Nguyn l gii thch bng hnh ng (to thm tn hiu ln/xung, di chuyn; tn hiu quang pht sng) S dng Diot v tnh cm quang cng nh pht quang ca diod. C th:Pht (transmit): IN QUANG Tn hiu in mc cao vo mch transmitter, phn cc thut cho diod lm diod pht sng; ngi li (mc thp) th diod pht sng. T tn hiu in dc chuyn thnh tn hiu quang.Nhn (receive): QUANG INnh sng ti diod cm quang (photo diod) khin diod phn cc v sinh ra in th, in th ny chnh l in th ca tin hiu c truyn i (l tng).

B Thu Pht c bn

Mch Transceiver

4.3 Nguyn l bin i quang in:

Nng lng photon:Eph = hf

- Trng thi nng lng ca in t trong mt nguyn t c minh ho qua biu mc nng lng (energy level diagram).

- Nguyn l bin i quang in trong thng tin quang c thc hin da trn 3 hin tng c minh ho nh trn hnh:

2.1 Truyn thng s dng cp quang a ch (mutimode)

Hnh 2.1.1 h thng truyn thng s dng cp quang a ch LED hoc laze bn dn c s dng cho nhng khong cch ln hn l ngun sng my pht. truyn tibit 1,LED c bt trong sut khong thi gian cachu kxung ; truyn tibit0, LED c tt trong sut khong thi gian cachu kxung.Vic tch sng quang vo cui qu trnh nhn bin i tn hiu nh sng thnh tn hiu in.Cc bng tn 800 v 1300 nanomet (nm)c s dng cho qu trnh truyn u im chnh ca si a quang l chi ph thp,v th n c s dng nh mt phng tin truyn d liu trn nhng khong cch nh.

qu nhiu ch, khng ng mc.Ly cha khng ng mc g c, ng l phi vo phaanff b thu. u im g y na.

Tng hp ti qu, ai y?2.2 Truyn thngs dng si quang ch n (single mode)

Hnh 2.2.1: h thng truyn thng s dng si quang ch n

Bc sng trong khong 1300-1550 nm. Tc truyn d liu ca h thng ny c th t ti ln ti 1Gbps.Li th ln nht ca si n quang (single mode) l lm gim vic mt mt d liu v v vy, c sau khong 40km, ta mi cn thit lp t mt b ti to li tn hiu. b tay.com2.3 H thng ghp knh theo bc sng

Phng php ghp knh quang theo bc sng (WDM)tng cng kh nng ca mt si quang. Ln n 256 bc sng c th c ghp v gi i trn mt si n. H thng nyc th thit lp c tc truyn dn cao hn 1Tbit/s.Hnh 2.3.1:phng php ghp knh quang theo bc sng

S pht trin ca b khuch i quang hc xa b s cn thit cho ti to tn hiu tn km, dn n tit kim chi ph rt ln cho vic s dng si quang truyn thng khong cch rt di.

Hnh 2.3.2: S truyn d liu quang hc vi b khuch i quang hcsai: b khuch i quang ko c trong WDMTng ktCht li nhng vn trnh by:Nu li u nhc im ca truyn thng quang. (sau khi tt c u nhc c gii thch r)BandWavelength Range(nm)O band1260 to 1360E band1360 to 1460S band1460 to 1530C band1530 to 1565L band1565 to 1625U band1625 to 1675Bng 2.3.3 : bng tn truyn d liu c s dng trong quang ch n.Bng tn C(1530-1565 nm) v bng tn L(1565-1625 nm) hin ti ang c s dng trong s truyn d liu ca siquang ch n (single mode) v s c sn ca cc b khuch i quang hc. S pht trin sn xut si quang, khuch i Raman, v..v s hng n s s dng cc bng tn khc trong tng lai.

nm trong h thng truyn thng quang34nm trong h thng truyn thng quang Nhc imChi ph lp t cao Kh sa cha khi b t cpKh lp t theo nhng ng gp khcKh u ni

tn hao thp nn cn t repeater.Di thng ln, truyn c nhiu ng dng.Chng nhiu cao, khng b nhiu in .H thng dng si quang linh hot, d m rng

u im

D lp t v bo dng.Tc cao Tnh bo mt cao.Cch in tt.Suy gim tn hiu t.Khng chyLinh hot, kch thc mng, trng lng nh.

4.C Ch5.c tnhHNG PHT TRIN V DCH V

Dch v thn thin vi con ngiDch v a phng tinH tr ti a cng vicChnh xc th truyn thng quang ch l c tc cao v mt s c tnh khc. Nh tc cao m n mi mang li nhng dch v trn.Ch khng phi l hng pht trin.HNG PHT TRIN V CNG NGH

Cng ngh NG-SDHCng ngh GMPLS.

cha bit cng ngh ny! nn ni r hn mt t.NG DNG TRONG VIN THNGMng ng trc quc gia.ng trung k.ng cp th bin lin quc gia.Mng ni ht v thu bao.

ng cha r rang v cn chung chung, cha gn gi vi sinh vin.40ng cha r rang v cn chung chung, cha gn gi vi sinh vin.Truyn s liu.Truyn hnh cp.

NG DNG TNG HP

NG DNG PHT TRIN VIT NAMFTTH : Fiber to the home.FTTH l h thng cung cp internet qua ng truyn cp quang ti nh ca thu bao.

S PHT TRIN VIT NAMB

Hin nay Vit Nam c nhiu nh cung cp dch v FTTH gm Viettel (Tp on Vin Thng Qun i), VNPT (Tp on bu chnh vin thng Vit Nam), SPT(Cng ty C phn Dch v Bu chnh Vin thng Si Gn) v FPT Telecom(Cng ty C phn Vin thng FPT), Cng ty C phn h tng vin thng CMC, Cng ty in ton v Truyn s liu (VDC), Cng ty Thng tin Vin Thng in LcEVNTelecom..... trong th phn v s lng thu bao vn tp trung vo 3 nh cung cp chnh l VNPT, FPT, Viettel vi th phn ln lt l 57,63%, 25,12%, 13,42%43