Slide 1of 31 - Amazon S3 · Slide 7of 31 2. Henry Moseley (1887‐1915) • Arranged the elements...

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6.1 Organizing the Elements

In a self‐service store, the products are grouped according to similar characteristics. With a logical classification system, finding and comparing products is easy. You will learn how elements are arranged in the periodic table and what that arrangement reveals about the elements.

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2. Explain how elements are organized in a periodic table.

3. Compare the early periodic table created by Mendeleev and the modern periodic table.

4. Identify and describe three broad classes of elements.

5. Describe the periodic law.

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Organizing the Elements > Searching For an Organizing Principle

Chlorine, bromine, and iodine have very similar chemical properties.

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• The Development of the Table1. Dimitri Mendeleev (1834‐1907)

• Created the first periodic table• Russian chemist and teacher• Noticed periodic recurrence of elements

properties• Arranged elements in order of increasing

mass• Able to predict properties of missing

elements

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Organizing the Elements > Mendeleev’s Periodic Table

An Early Version of Mendeleev’s Periodic Table

6.1

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2. Henry Moseley (1887‐1915)• Arranged the elements in order of

increasing atomic number• The basis for the modern periodic table

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• Modern Periodic Table – Elements listed in order of increasing atomic number

– Horizontal rows = Periods • There are 7 periods

– Vertical columns = groups or families.• Families have similar properties

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Organizing the Elements > The Periodic Law

In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number.

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– Periodic law:• When the elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic pattern in their physical and chemical properties.

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– Three systems for numbering groups (all three systems are listed on 158)• US: 1A‐8A• Europe: Roman numerals• IUPAC: 1‐18: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

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• Organizing the Elements:1. Metals: 80% of elements

• On the left side of the table (shaded yellow in your textbook)

• Good conductors of heat and electricity• High luster or sheen• Ductile: can be drawn into wires • Most are malleable: can be hammered into sheets

• All metals are solid at room temp. except mercury (Hg)

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Organizing the Elements > Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

Uses of Iron, Copper, and Aluminum

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2. Non‐Metals• Upper right corner of the periodic table (purple)

• Plus hydrogen (upper left)• Have greater variation in properties than the metals

• In general, they are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

• most are gases at room temperature • a few are solids (S, P) • one is a liquid (Br)

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3. Metalloids• form a stair‐step line between the metals

and the non‐metals (green)• have properties that are similar to both

metals and non‐metals


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Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals in the Periodic Table

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6.1 Section Quiz

The modern periodic table has elements arranged in order of

A. colors.

B. melting and boiling points.

C. increasing atomic mass.

D. increasing atomic number.


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6.1 Section Quiz

Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table in order of increasing

A. atomic number.

B. number of protons.

C. number of electrons.

D. atomic mass


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6.1 Section Quiz

Which one of the following is NOT a general property of metals?

A. ductility

B. malleability

C. having a high luster

D. poor conductor of heat and electricity


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6.1 Section Quiz

Which of these metals have similar chemical and physical properties?

A. oxygen, nitrogen, carbon

B. strontium, magnesium, calcium

C. nitrogen, neon, nickel


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6.1 Section Quiz

Which type of element is Au?

A. metal

B. nonmetal

C. metalloid


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6.1 Section Quiz

Which type of element S?

A. metal

B. nonmetal

C. metalloid


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6.1 Section Quiz

Which type of element is silicon?

A. metal

B. nonmetal

C. metalloid


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6.1 Section Quiz

Which type of element is barium?

A. metal

B. nonmetal

C. metalloid


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6.1 Section Quiz

Which two elements have properties similar to Na?

A. lithium & potassium

B. gold & silver

C. magnesium & aluminum

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• WS 6.1• Read 6.2 (pg. 161‐169)• Math take‐home quiz, due Mon Nov 7

– Sig figs, SI units (including °C ‐ K conversions), scientific notation, writing and using conversion factors (including density)

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