Slide 1 Biological control of Lygodium microphyllum: Agent ......Slide 1 Biological control of...

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Slide 1 Biological control of Lygodium microphyllum: Agent Establishment, Impacts, and Future Developments Aaron S. David, Ph.D. USDA-ARS Invasive Plant Research Laboratory Fort Lauderdale, FL ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 2 Ellen Lake Lygodium microphyllum Old World Climbing Fern ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Slide 3 1. Evaluation of 2 approved, established agents 2. Development of new agents for future release ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________

Transcript of Slide 1 Biological control of Lygodium microphyllum: Agent ......Slide 1 Biological control of...

  • Slide 1 Biological control of Lygodium

    microphyllum: Agent Establishment, Impacts, and Future Developments

    Aaron S. David, Ph.D.USDA-ARS Invasive Plant Research Laboratory

    Fort Lauderdale, FL

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    Slide 2

    Ellen Lake

    Lygodium microphyllumOld World Climbing Fern

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    1. Evaluation of 2 approved, established agents

    2. Development of new agents for future release

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  • Slide 4 Neomusotima conspurcatalis

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    Christen Mason, SFWMD

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  • Slide 7 Floracarus perrepae

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    Slide 8 Mites slow rachis growth

    Resource sink for the plant75% reduction in growth rate

    David & Lake 2020 Biological Control

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    Slide 9 Release sites

    >3 million moths>3 million mites

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  • Slide 10 Drone releases

    Lake et al. in press Biocontrol Sci Tech

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    Slide 11 Agent monitoring

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    Slide 12 Windspeed predicts within-gall mite density

    Numbers indicate sampling monthDavid et al. 2019 Exp. Appl. Acal.

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    Tony Pernas, USDI National Park Service, Bugwood.org

    How to explain variable establishment across

    the landscape?

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    Slide 14 Nutrient requirements

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    Slide 15 Can Leaf Nitrogen Explain Landscape Patterns?

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  • Slide 16 Inundation

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    Slide 17 Inundation Reduces Mite Galling

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    Slide 18 Integrated Weed Management

    Photo Credits: Jonathan Glueckert, Amy Ferriter

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  • Slide 19 Mite establishment after herbicide?

    Lygodium sporelings

    Mite damage causing loss of apical dominance

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    Slide 20

    Jonathan Glueckert

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    Slide 21 Higher mite establishment after herbicide treatment

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  • Slide 22 Integration with Fire

    Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National Wildlife RefugePrescribed Burn May 21, 2019

    Photo Credits: Rebekah Gibble, Sergio Gonzalez

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    Slide 23 Mite Establishment Post-Fire

    Everglades National ParkAugust 2017

    David et al. 2020 Env Entomol

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    Slide 24 Measuring impact within integrated weed management• Multiyear experiment that manipulates:

    • Biocontrol (presence vs. chemical exclusion)• Herbicide treatment (control, 1 year treated, 2 years treated)

    • 72 large plots (5x5m) at 2 heavily infested sites

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  • Slide 25 Does biocontrol reduce

    climbing ability in the field?

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    Slide 26 Agents in development

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    Slide 27 Lygomusotima stria(Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

    Larva

    PupaAdult

    Egg

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  • Slide 28 Lygomusotima stria multigeneration

    testing

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    Slide 29

    https://www.eddmaps.org/distribution/viewmap.cfm?sub=3046

    Lygodium palmatumLygodium japonicumLygodium microphyllum

    Cold tolerance

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    Slide 30 Lower thermal limit survival by life stage

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  • Slide 31 Neostrombocerus albicomus(Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

    Larva

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    Egg

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    Slide 32 Callopistria exotica

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    Slide 33 Recap

    • Lygodium biocontrol agents can cause impressive levels of damage• Agents experience boom-bust cycles and we are learning about when

    to expect them to be most helpful for regulating Lygodium• Integration of tactics (herbicide, fire) is promising• Hopefully additional agents are approved for release in the coming

    years!

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  • Slide 34 Acknowledgements

    • IPRL team: Ellen Lake, Elizabeth Mattison, Andrea Carmona Cortes, Avery Knoll, Anwar Abdel-Kader, Michael Mueller

    • Univ of Florida: Stephen Enloe, Jonathan Glueckert

    • FIU: Nico Sebesta• South Florida Water Management

    District: LeRoy Rodgers, Christen Mason, Ellen Allen, Sergio Gonzalez

    • Southwest Florida Water Management District: Brian Nelson, Garret Snider, Jeff Miller, Mike Terry

    • US FWS: Rebekah Gibble

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    Slide 35 Questions?Questions?

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