The Integumentary

System

The Integumentary

System Skin

Nail

Hair

Skin

Nail

Hair

SKIN TERMS

1.Epidermis

2.Dermis

3.Subcutaneous layer

4.Melanin

5.Pores

6.Sebum

7. Dermatologist

8. Hair follicles

9. Oil glands

10. Sweat glands

11. Adipose tissue

Functions of Skin in brief Shields against water

Defends against germsPrevents bacteria & viruses from

entering the body

Maintains homeostasisSweating/shivering

Provides sensory inputHeat, pressure, pain, touch…

Formation of vitamin D

Parts of Skin

a) Epidermis: outermost layer

b) Dermis: thick inner layer

c) Subcutaneous layer (hypodermis): layer of fat tissue or adipose tissue

Taking Care of SkinHealthy skin is the result of:

Taking shower regularly

Use of very mild, moisturizing soap

Use of deodorant and/or antiperspirant

Use of antibacterial soap to clean your face to prevent acne

Use of sunscreen to prevent sunburn

Types of Acne

Whitehead: a pore that is plugged with sebum(oil).

Blackhead: a pore that is plugged with sebum and exposed to air.

Pimple: a clogged pore that is filled with pus.

Common Skin ProblemsAcne (caused by bacteria)

Cold sores (caused by herpes virus) small, painful blisters commonly called cold sores or fever blisters.

Dandruff (dead skin cells of the scalp)

Ingrown toenails

Sunburn (UV rays)

Common Skin ProblemsRingworm (caused by fungus)

Athlete’s foot (caused by fungus)

Head lice (insects)

Skin ProblemsSunburn:

Sunburn is caused by ultraviolet rays.

Ultraviolet rays come from sunlight.

The lighter the skin is, the faster it burns.

Ultraviolet rays make skin age and wrinkle faster.

Sunburn can lead to skin cancer.

MOLES & Freckles

Moles are very common spots on the skin. These are cells with high concentration of melanin.

If you notice changes in a mole's color, height, size, or shape, you should have a dermatologist evaluate it.

Ultraviolet Rays

Your Hair

Made of dead cells

The roots are in the dermis, located in small pockets called follicles

Gets its color from melanin

Can be wavy, curly, or straight

Your Nails

Dead cells that grow out of living tissue

Cuticle: a nonliving band of epidermis that grows around the nail

Mouth & TeethoTasting

oDigestion: teeth crush and grind food, saliva moistens and chemically breaks it down

oSpeech

The ToothA. Crown: the

part you see

B. Neck: part between crown & root

C. Root: part of tooth inside the gum

Problems of the Teeth & MouthTooth decay or cavities are holes, or structural damage, in the teeth

Gingivitis (gums become red and swollen and might bleed)

Malocclusion (teeth in upper and lower jaws do not align properly)

Halitosis (bad breath)

What causes tooth decay?

Poor diets (eating a lot of sugar)

Smoking

Lack of good oral hygiene (not brushing/flossing)

Irregular/not visiting the dentist

Taking Care of Your Teeth & Mouth

1. Brush your teeth properly after eating.

2. Floss between your teeth.

3. Reserve starchy foods & foods high in sugar for mealtimes.

4. Have regular dental checkups.