Skeletal SystemSkeletal System

Mr. RoyerMr. Royer

Skeletal SystemSkeletal System

A system made up of bones (206), A system made up of bones (206),

joints (5 types), and connective tissue (3 types)joints (5 types), and connective tissue (3 types)

Functions of Skeletal SystemFunctions of Skeletal System

1.1. Movement- bones provide points of Movement- bones provide points of attachment for musclesattachment for muscles

2.2. Support- Give our body shape and structureSupport- Give our body shape and structure

3.3. Protection- our skull and ribs protect the Protection- our skull and ribs protect the brain and internal organsbrain and internal organs

4.4. Blood cell production-white and red blood Blood cell production-white and red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow of the cells are produced in the bone marrow of the long boneslong bones

5.5. Storage of minerals-calcium and phosphorusStorage of minerals-calcium and phosphorus

Types of BonesTypes of Bones

1.1. Long Bone=FemurLong Bone=Femur

2.2. Short Bone=Fingers, ToesShort Bone=Fingers, Toes

3.3. Flat Bone=Ribs, SternumFlat Bone=Ribs, Sternum

4.4. Irregular Bone=vertebraeIrregular Bone=vertebrae

5.5. Sessamoid Bone=PatellaSessamoid Bone=Patella

Types of JointsTypes of Joints

Ball and Socket-Ball and Socket- shoulder and hip shoulder and hip

allows most movement allows most movement Hinge-Hinge- Knee and elbow Knee and elbow PivotPivot- Neck- Neck Saddle-Saddle- Hand and wrist Hand and wrist Immovable or Suture- Immovable or Suture- SkullSkull

Connective TissueConnective Tissue

LigamentLigament- connect bone to bone- connect bone to bone

Tendon- connects muscle to boneTendon- connects muscle to bone

Cartilage- cushions jointsCartilage- cushions joints

The Spinal ColumnThe Spinal Column

The main function of the spine is to protect The main function of the spine is to protect the spinal cordthe spinal cord

The spinal column consists of 3 main areas:The spinal column consists of 3 main areas:

1.1.Cervical spine – the neck- has 7 vertebraeCervical spine – the neck- has 7 vertebrae

2.2.Thorasic spine-the upper back-has 12 Thorasic spine-the upper back-has 12 vertebraevertebrae

3.3.Lumbar spine- the lower back-has 5 Lumbar spine- the lower back-has 5 vertebraevertebrae

Other Skeleton factsOther Skeleton facts

Each hand has 27 bonesEach hand has 27 bonesOur hands and feet together contain over Our hands and feet together contain over

half of the bones in or bodyhalf of the bones in or bodyPound for pound bones are stronger than Pound for pound bones are stronger than

steelsteel

Skeletal System ProblemsSkeletal System Problems

FractureFracture- a break in a bone- a break in a boneDislocation- when a bone pops or moves Dislocation- when a bone pops or moves

out of placeout of placeOsteoporosis- bones become brittle or Osteoporosis- bones become brittle or

weak, bone density decreasesweak, bone density decreasesArthritis- joints are painful and inflamedArthritis- joints are painful and inflamedSprain-the ligaments are stretched or tornSprain-the ligaments are stretched or torn