Size-temperature responses of organisms and metabolic response to climate change S.K. Morgan Ernest...
-
Upload
linda-page -
Category
Documents
-
view
217 -
download
0
Transcript of Size-temperature responses of organisms and metabolic response to climate change S.K. Morgan Ernest...
Size-temperature responses of organisms and metabolic response to climate changeS.K. Morgan Ernest1, Kristina Anderson-Teixeira2, Felisa A. Smith3, Ethan P. White1
1Department of Biology and the Ecology Center, Utah State University, 2Energy Bioscience Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 3Department of Biology, University of New Mexico
Metabolic rate is related to size and temperature
Temperature also impacts ectotherm body size
Temperature impacts metabolic rate and body size in opposing ways
Large size decreases could offset temperature effect on metabolic rate
Data
Small impact on metabolic rate of size response to temperature
Forster et al (2011):•Generally, as temperature increases, body size decreases•80% of ectotherms examined exhibit significant size-temperature relationship •On average, adult body size decreases 2.5% per degree CDrosophila melanogaster
Data from Forster et al (2011)
Hypothetical responses of metabolic rate to temperature change and body size shifts
• Lab results of body size response to temperature
• 109 species from nine taxonomic Classes
• 85 spp. from Forster et al (2011), 24 spp. from other sources
Metabolic Rate
But does it?
•Estimated metabolic rate (B) using Gillooly et al (2001):
R=r0Mbe-E/kT
M mass, b scaling exponent, E activation energy
•Class specific b &E unless noted:
Quantifying metabolic responseto size and temperature changes • Q10 measures magnitude of
physiological responses to 10 C change in temperature
• Q4: magnitude of response over 4 CQ4= (R2/R1)4/(T2-T1)
Compare Q4 when size constant vs. varying
Generating Q4s for size constant vs. varying scenarios
Mean Q4 for size constant
Mean Q4 forsize response
Calculate %difference
Class b EActinoperygii# 0.78 0.35Amphibia 0.85 0.58Branchiopoda 0.79 0.31Entognatha* 0.75 0.63Eurotatoria* 0.75 0.63Gastropoda* 0.75 0.63Insecta 0.75 0.62Malacostraca 0.75 0.51Maxillopoda 0.69 0.68
* Theoretical values, # all fish
Less increase in metabolic Rate w/ increasing T
More increase in metabolic rate w/ increasing T
• Generally, size-temperature response dampens response of metabolic rate to temperature increases
• Magnitude of response is small
• Response consistent across taxonomic classes
• Except stronger response in Amphibia (but sample size small)
Rana pipiens. Data from White et al (2006)
Mas
s cor
rect
ed m
etab
olic
rate
(Met
abol
ic ra
te *
M-b
)
Tem
pera
ture
cor
rect
ed m
etab
olic
rate
(Met
abol
ic ra
te *
eE/kT
)
Warm Cold
ReferencesForster, J., A.G. Hirst, D. Atkinson. 2011. How do organisms change size with changing temperature? The importance of reproductive method and ontogenetic timing. Functional Ecology 25:1024-1031Gillooly, J.F., J.H. Brown, G.B. West, V.M. Savage, E.L. Charnov. 2001. Effects of size and temperature on metabolic rate. Science 293 2248-2251White, C.R., N.F. Phillips, R.S. Seymour. 2006. The scaling of temperature dependence of vertebrate metabolism. Biology Letters 2:125-127.
AcknowledgementsSKME thanks USU for the post-tenure freedom to explore new ideas and start learning to programPhoto of Rana pipiens is copyrighted to Joyce Gross and obtained via Amphibiaweb.org
Perc
ent c
hang
e in
met
abol
ic ra
te
Mass (grams) Initial size30 grams
NoSizechange
Decreasing size
weecology.org