Size limits and other coastal fisheries regulations used in the Pacific ...

Size limitsand other coastal fisheries regulations

used in the Pacific Islands region

Measure across the shellTotal length

Length

Carapacewidth

Carapace length1

2

Carapacewidth

Thoraciclength

SECRETARIAT OF THE PACIFIC COMMUNITY

BP D5

98848 NOUMEA CEDEX

NEW CALEDONIA

Telephone: +687 26 20 00

Facsimile: +687 26 38 18

Email: [email protected]

http://www.spc.int/coastfish

S i ze l i m i t sa n d o t h e r c o a s t a l f i s h e r i e s r e g u l a t i o n s

u s e d i n t h e Pa c i f i c I s l a n d s re g i o n

prepared bythe Coastal Fisheries Management and Fisheries Information Sections

of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community

produced with financial assistance fromthe Commonwealth Secretariat

and the governments of Australia, France and New Zealand

Graphics of giant clams (Tridacnidae), Actinopyga lecanora, Birgus latroand Trochus niloticus by Jipé LeBars, ©SPC.

All other graphics were reproduced from the following publication, withkind permission from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UnitedNations (FAO). Copyright for these images remains with FAO.

Carpenter K.E. and Niem V.H.. 1998. FAO species identification guide forfisheries purposes. The living marine resources of the Western CentralPacific. Rome, FAO. 6 vol. 4218 p.

© Secretariat of the Pacific Community, 2005

All rights for commercial / for profit reproduction or translation, in any form,reserved. SPC authorizes the partial reproduction or translation of this material forscientific, educational or research purposes, provided that SPC and the sourcedocument are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document

and/or translate in whole, in any form, whether for commercial / for profit or non-profit purposes, must be requested in writing. Original SPC artwork may not be

altered or separately published without permission.

Original text: English

–ii–

————————————————————————————————————Secretariat of the Pacific Community Cataloguing-in-publication data

Size limits and other coastal fisheries regulations used in the Pacific Islandsregion / prepared by the Coastal Fisheries Management and FisheriesInformation Sections of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community

1. Fisheries - Regulations – Pacific Islands - Handbooks, manuals, etc.2. Fishes – Size – Pacific Islands - Handbooks, manuals, etc.3. Invertebrates – Size – Pacific Islands - Handbooks, manuals, etc.I. Title II. Secretariat of the Pacific Community

639.209 AACR2

ISBN 982-00-0124-2————————————————————————————————————

–iii–

AcknowledgementsThis booklet was prepared as one of SPC’s commitments under the Strategic planfor fisheries management and sustainable coastal fisheries in the Pacific Islands,which was developed by Pacific Island countries and endorsed by the third Headsof Fisheries Meeting in August 2003. The booklet assists PICs in achieving Goal 3 ofthe strategic plan, which calls for development of practical and enforceable fish-eries regulations.

SPC wishes to acknowledge the contribution of Terry Keju, Chief Fisheries PolicyAdviser for the Republic of the Marshall Islands who collected most of the informa-tion contained in the booklet during the course of his training attachment at SPC.

SPC is also grateful to the different Pacific Island fisheries departments, which havehelped develop this concise compendium and have checked the final draft foraccuracy.

Aymeric Desurmont, SPC Fisheries Information Specialist, supervised, designed andedited the booklet, which was produced through funding from theCommonwealth Secretariat with support from the governments of Australia,France and New Zealand.

About this bookletThis booklet is not a legal text. References to legal texts used in compiling this infor-mation are given on page 32. For more details, refer to the legislations (from whichthese examples were drawn) on the SPC Coastal Fisheries Programme website(www.spc.int/coastfish/countries/countries.htm), or on the Pacific Islands LegalInformation Institute webpages (http://www.paclii.org/). This information is currentat the date of printing (September 2005) and is subject to change because sever-al Pacific Island countries, states or territories are in the process of revising their fish-eries regulations.

When using the information within this booklet, be sure to note the following:

- Only species for which there were size limits in place were taken into account.- Values given in the Size limits column correspond to “minimum size” unless other-

wise specified.- The text used in the Species and Size limits columns was reproduced from the

official text (but measurements were converted to millimetres (mm) to facilitatecomparisons).

- The text used in the Other regulations column is a summary and does not neces-sarily use the legal text wording.

- Entries in each group are presented in alphabetical order by country. Ininstances where one country regulates several species from the same group, theentries are then in alphabetical order by species.

- The booklet includes illustrations of the various techniques used for measuringfisheries resources.

–iv–

ContentsForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Size limits and other fisheries regulations:Bivalves Clams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Oysters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3Gastropods Trochus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Turban shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Triton shells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Crustaceans Spiny lobsters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6Slipper lobsters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Mantis shrimps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Coconut crab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10Mangrove crab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Other crabs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Holothurians Sea cucumbers - beche-de-mer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Sea turtles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16Bony fish Acanthuridae (surgeonfish, tangs, unicornfish) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Belonidae (needlefish) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18Carangidae (jacks and pompanos) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19Centropomidae (snooks) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19Chanidae (milkfish) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19Gerreidae (mojarras) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Kuhliidae (aholeholes) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Kyphosidae (sea chubs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20Labridae (wrasses) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Leiognathidae (slimys, slipmouths or ponyfish) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Lethrinidae (emperors or scavengers) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Lutjanidae (snappers) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Mugilidae (mullets) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Mullidae (goatfish) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Scaridae (parrotfish) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Scombridae (mackerels, tunas, bonitos) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Serranidae (groupers and fairy basslet) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26Siganidae (rabbitfish) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28Sphyraenidae (barracudas) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28

Various techniques for measuring fisheries resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32

Fore wordThere is no single template for fisheries management that can be applied to allPacific Islands. However, most of the species that are fished in the region are thesame from island to island. Because of this shared biological heritage, there arecertain fundamental principles that can be transferred from each island as "mini-mum terms and conditions" for maintaining viable coastal fisheries. Chief amongthese are biological and ecological protection measures that are simple to under-stand and therefore comparatively simple to enforce. Size limits in particular aremethods that have been used in Pacific Island fisheries regulations for manydecades, and which have traditional expressions as well. There is a certain intuitiveunderstanding that it is probably better to not catch fish, or invertebrates, until theyare old enough to reproduce. However, it is less obvious what the age is of firstreproduction for most of these creatures, particularly when this age may varyaccording to habitat and climate.

This booklet is a vehicle for sharing knowledge between the islands of the PacificCommunity about the basic fishery management measures that have beenused in different places for regulating particularly important or potentially vulner-able species. Regulations should not be transferred verbatim from one area toanother unless their situations are known to be similar. This booklet is not intend-ed to promote any particular management measure or approach, but indicatesthe range of measures that have been used. It also presents the legal and fish-ery management precedents that have been set in various countries. This infor-mation will be useful to Pacific Island governments that are developing or revis-ing fisheries regulations.

TTiimm AAddaammssDirector, SPC Marine Resources Division

–1–

Bivalves Size limits Other regulations Country / Territory–2

–

Clams

Giant clams (Tridacnidae)

7 in (180 mm) acrossthe longest part of shell

American Samoa

Tridacna maximabénitierpahua

120 mm across thelongest part of shell

French Polynesia

Tridacnid clams (giant clams)Tridacna maxima, T. squamosa, T. derasa or any other Tridacna, and Hippopus hippopus hima

7 in (180 mm) acrossthe shell

No commercial harvest allowed.Bag limit for personal use (3 pcs/person/day).

Guam

Clamsgege

180 mm across the shell Bag limit (10 clams/day/person) Niue

Tridacna maximafaisua

160 mm across the shell Samoa

Tridacna squamosafaisua

200 mm across the shell Samoa

Tridacna derasatokanoa molemole

260 mm across the shell Tonga

Tridacna maximakukukuku


Tridacna squamosamatahele


Spec ie s

Hippopus hippopus

Tridacna derasa

Tridacna maxima

Tridacna squamosa

–3–

Oysters

Pinctada margaritiferablack-lip mother-of-pearloyster shell

6 in (152 mm) diameteralong the largestdimension across theoutside of the shell

Closed season (1 August–31 December).

Federated States ofMicronesia - Kosrae

Pinctada margaritiferablack-lip mother-of-pearloyster shell

4 in (100 mm) diameteracross the nacre


Federated States ofMicronesia - Pohnpei

Pinctada margaritiferapearl oysterciva

100 mm from the buttor hinge to the oppo-site edge or lip

Fiji Islands

Pinctada margaritiferahuître perlière et nacrière

130 mm shell diameteracross the nacre,excluding the growthprocesses (spines)

Limited season and limited areasas declared by local government.

French Polynesia

Pinctada margaritiferablack-lip-mother-of-pearloyster shell

4 in (100 mm) diameteracross the nacre


Marshall Islands

Pinctada margaritiferablacklip pearl oysterchesiuch

4 in (100 mm) of shellwidth


Palau

Pinctada margaritiferapearl oystertifa

130 mm from the hingeto the opposite edgeas its longest point

Samoa

Pteria penguinwinged pearl oystertofe

200 mm across theumbo-ventral length

Tonga

Pinctada margaritifera

Pteria penguin

Trochus

Trochus niloticustrochus

80 mm min. and 110 mm max. acrossthe shell

Limited season and areas, individ-ual quotas, license required, noexport unless approved by Council.

Cook Islands (Aitutaki)

Trochus niloticustrochustukasungai

3 in (76 mm) min. and 4 in (100 mm) max.across the shell

No harvest at anytime unless offi-cially authorized.


Trochus niloticustrochus

3 in (76 mm) diameterat the base

Restrictions on season, areas andharvesting technique.


Trochus niloticustrocas shell; sici

90 mm basal diameter Fiji Islands

Trochus niloticus troca

80 mm min. and 110 mm max. longestdiameter


French Polynesia

Trochus niloticustrochus; aliling(for commercial purposes)

4 in (100 mm) acrossthe shell

Bag limit (1000 pcs/person/year),license required, limited areas,max total harvest: 10,000 pcs/year.

Guam

Trochus niloticustrochus; aliling(for personal use)

3 in (76 mm) across theshell

Bag limit (50 pcs/person/day).Export limited to 20 pcs/person.

Guam

Trochus 3 in (76 mm) basaldiameter

Regulations on season, areas, har-vesting technique, and export.Fishing license required.

Marshall Islands

Trochus niloticustroca

90 mm longest diameter

Fishing license required. New Caledonia

Trochus niloticustrochus, semum

3 in (76 mm) basaldiameter

Closed seasons and limited fishingareas.

Palau

Gastropods Spec ie s Size l imi ts O ther regu lat ions Count r y / Te r r i tor y–4

–

Trochus niloticus

–5–

Tectus sp.aliao Samoa

65 mm across the baseof the shell

Samoa

Trochus niloticustrochus/top shellaliao lapoa

75 mm across the baseof the shell

Samoa

Trochus 80 mm min. and 120 mmmax. diameter as meas-ured across the base

No export allowed. Solomon Islands

Trochus 90 mm basal diameter Export permit required. Vanuatu

Trochus niloticustroca


Export permit required. Wallis & Futuna

Turban shells

Turbo marmoratusburgau



French Polynesia

Turbo sp.green snailalili

30 mm across whorlopening

Samoa

Turbo marmoratus green snail

150 mm in its longestdimension

Export permit required. Vanuatu

Triton shells

Charonia tritonistriton shellkele‘a

200 mm in length whenmeasured along theoutside of the shell fromone end to the other

Tonga

Charonia tritonistrumpet shell

200 mm in length whenmeasured along theoutside of the shell

Vanuatu

Tectus sp.

Spiny lobsters

Panulirus sp.spiny lobsters

3 1/8 in (85 mm) carapacelength, defined as the mid-line measurement takenfrom the leading edge ofthe carapace between thehorns to the rear edge ofthe carapace

No taking of egg-bearingfemales.

American Samoa

Lobsters 1 lb weight or 3 in (76 mm)carapace length



Panulirus penicillatuslangouste verteoura miti

180 mm length measured from the eye tostart of the caudal fin

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. Closed season (1 November–31 January).

French Polynesia

Panulirus sp.spiny lobsters(for commercial purposes)

4 in (100 mm) total length ofthe carapace measuredfrom the dorsal posterior endof the carapace to thepoint between the two hornsover the eyes


Guam

Panulirus sp.spiny lobsters(for personal use)

3 1/2 in (90 mm) total lengthof the carapace measuredas above

(same as above) Guam

Panulirus sp.rock lobsters, crayfish

85 mm carapace measuredfrom the eyes


Kiribati

–6–

Panulirus longipes femoristriga

Crustaceans Species Size limits Other regulations Country / Territory

Panulirus homarus

Langoustes (lobsters) 75 mm from the midline atthe base of the supra orbitalspines to the end of thecephalothorax


New Caledonia

Lobsters, crayfish 130 mm tail length No taking of egg-bearingfemales. No taking of soft-shelled animals. Bag limit(10 pcs/person/day).

Niue

Rock lobsters (cheraprukl)Panulirus versicolor(bleiached); P. penicillatus (raiklius); P. longipes femoristriga(melech)

6 in (152 mm) total length ofthe carapace (from the tipof the rostrum midwaybetween the eyes to theend of the carapace)

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. No exportallowed.

Palau

Palinuridae spiny rock lobsters, includ-ing: Panulirus versicolor, P. longipes, P. homarus(for commercial purposes)

100 mm tail length or175 mm total length (mid-section between the eyes totail), and 169 g tail weight,or 409 g total weight

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. Licenses for PNGcitizens only. Limitations onseason, fishing gear andtotal allowable catch asdeclared by Minister.

Papua New Guinea

Panulirus ornatustropical rock lobster(for commercial purposes)

115 mm total of tail length No taking of egg-bearingfemales. Limited number oflicenses issued. Gearrestrictions.

Papua New Guinea(Torres Strait andWestern Province)

Panulirus sp.lobstersula sami

80 mm from the base of thehorns to the rear edge of thecarapace; or 140 mm fromthe base of the horns to theend of the tail

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. No taking of soft-shelled animals.

Samoa

Panulirus sp.crayfish

80 mm along the mid-linefrom immediately behindthe rostral horn to the rearedge of the carapace


Solomon Islands

Panulirus penicillatus

Panulirus ornatus

–7–

Spiny lobsters (continued)

Panulirus sp.lobsters‘uo

75 mm carapace length fromthe midline immediatelybehind the rostral horns to therear edge; or 45 mm tailwidth between the lateralnotches of the first tail seg-ment measured from theventral side of the tail


Tonga

Rock lobsters 220 mm from the front of thecarapace to the end of thetail

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. No spearfishing.

Vanuatu

Palinuridaelangoustesuo

75 mm from the midline atthe base of the supra orbitalspines to the end of thecephalothorax


Wallis & Futuna

Slipper lobsters

Parribacus holthuisicigale de mertianee

140 mm length, measuredfrom the eye to the start ofthe caudal fin


French Polynesia

Scyllarides sp.slipper lobsters (for commercial purposes)

3 in (75 mm) carapace(shell) width


Guam

Scyllarides sp.slipper lobsters(for personal use)



–8–

Parribacus holthuisi

Panulirus versicolor

Crustaceans Species Size limits Other regulations Country / Territory–9

–

Scyllaridaeslipper lobsters, including:Thenus orientalis

52 mm carapace length(midsection between theeyes to the base of thecarapace cover)

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. Licenses for PNGcitizens only. Limitations onseason, fishing gear andtotal allowable catch asdeclared by Minister.

Papua New Guinea

Parribacus sp.slipper lobsterpapata

150 mm in total length whenlaid flat and measured fromthe front edge of the cara-pace to the rear edge ofthe telson

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. No taking of soft-shelled animals.

Samoa

Parribacus sp.slipper lobsterstapatapa

150 mm in length when laidflat and measured from thefront edge of the carapaceto the rear edge of the tel-son


Tonga

Mantis shrimps

Squilla mantissquillevaro

(Note: scientific name forthis species has changedand is now: Lysiosquillinamaculata)

180 mm length, measuredfrom the eye to the start ofthe caudal fin


French Polynesia

Scyllarides sp.

Thenus orientalis

Lysiosquillina maculata

Coconut crab

Birgus latrococonut crab

3 in (75 mm) across thewidest portion of theback


American Samoa

Birgus latrococonut crab(for commercial purposes)

4 in (100 mm) cara-pace width

Bag limit (50 animalssold/person/year). Notaking of egg-bearingfemales.

Guam

Birgus latrococonut crab(for personal use)

3 in (75 mm) carapacewidth

Bag limit (10 animals/per-son/day). No taking ofegg-bearing females.

Guam

Coconut crabuga

36 mm thoracic length No taking of egg-bearingfemales. No taking ofsoft-shelled animals

Niue

Birgus latrococonut crab

90 mm length measuredalong the carapacefrom immediatelybehind the rostral hornto the rear edge of thecarapace in the midline

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. Export permitrequired.

Solomon Islands

Coconut crab 90 mm carapacelength

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. Annual quotas(Torba Province: 5000 pcs;Sanma Province:2000 pcs). No export.

Vanuatu

Birgus latrocrabe de cocotieruu

36 mm thoracic length No taking of femalesbearing eggs or with anorange abdomen. No tak-ing of soft-shelled animals.

Wallis & Futuna

–10

–Crustaceans Species Size limits Other regulations Country / Territory

Birgus latro

Mangrove crab

Scylla serratamangrove crab

6 in (152 mm) acrosswidest portion of back


American Samoa

Scylla serratamangrove crab

6 in (152 mm) alonglargest dimensionacross outside of shell



Scylla serrataswimming crabqari dina

125 mm across thewidest part of the cara-pace or shell

Fiji Islands

Scylla serrata crabeupai

120 mm greatest dis-tance across width


French Polynesia

Scylla serratacrabe de palétuvier

140 mm widest dimen-sion of the carapace

Closed season (1 Dec.–31 Jan.) No taking of soft-shelled animals. Crabsmust be sold whole.

New Caledonia

Scylla serratamangrove crab, emang

6 in (152 mm) acrossthe shell (carapace)

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. No export.

Palau

Scylla serratamangrove crabpa’alimago

150 mm across widestpart of the carapace

No taking of egg-bearingfemales or soft-shelledanimals.

Samoa

Other crabs

Crabs (other than thecoconut crab, Birgus latro)(for commercial purposes)



Guam

Crabs (other than thecoconut crab, Birgus latro)(for personal use)



Carpilius maculatuskuku

120 mm across widestpart of the carapace

No taking of egg-bearingfemales. No taking ofsoft-shelled animals.

Samoa

–11

–

Carpilius maculatus

Scylla serrata

Sea cucumbers (beche-de-mer)

All holothurians (beche-de-mer)

76 mm length (dry) Export of Holothuriascabra (sandfish, dairo)prohibited.

Fiji Islands

Actinopyga echinitesdeepwater redfish

250 mm length (live)150 mm length (dry)

Limitations on season, fish-eries access and fishinggear. Total allowablecatch for differentprovinces. Control ofexport.

Papua New Guinea

Actinopyga lecanorastonefish


(same as A. echinites) Papua New Guinea

Actinopyga mauritianasurf redfish



Actinopyga miliarisblackfish



–12

–Holothurians Spec ie s Size l imi ts O ther regu lat ions Count r y / Te r r i tor y

Actinopyga lecanora

Actinopyga mauritiana

Actinopyga miliaris

Actinopyga echinites

Bohadschia argustigerfish



Bohadschia similischalkfish



Bohadschia vitiensisbrown sandfish



Holothuria atralollyfish



Holothuria edulispinkfish



Holothuria fuscogilvawhite teatfish



–13

–

Bohadschia argus

Bohadschia similis

Bohadschia vitiensis

Holothuria atra

Holothuria edulis

Holothuria fuscogilva

Sea cucumbers (beche-de-mer)

Holothuria fuscopunctataelephant trunkfish



Holothuria nobilisblack teatfish



Holothuria scabrasandfish



Stichopus chloronotusgreenfish



Stichopus hermannicurryfish



Thelenota ananasprickly redfish



Thelenota anaxamberfish



–14

–H o lo thur ians Species Size l imi ts O ther regu lat ions Country / Territory

Holothuria scabra

Holothuria nobilis

Stichopus hermanni

Stichopus chloronotus

Thelenota ananas

Thelenota anax

Holothuria fuscopunctata

Actinopyga echinitesdeepwater redfishtelehea


Tonga

Holothuria atralollyfishloli


Tonga

Holothuria fuscogilvawhite teatfishhuhuvalu


Tonga

Holothuria fuscopunctataelephant’s trunk fishmula


Tonga

Holothuria nobilisblack teatfishmokohunu


Harvesting temporarilyprohibited.

Tonga

Holothuria scabrasandfishnga‘ito


Tonga

Thelenota ananasprickly redfishholomumu


Tonga

Holothuria fuscogilva

Holothuria fuscopunctata

Holothuria nobilis

Holothuria scabra

Thelenota ananas

Holothuria atra

Actinopyga echinites

–15

–

Sea turtles

Turtles 27 in (685 mm) meas-ured over the top ofthe carapace shelllengthwise

Closed seasons: 1 June– 31 August and1 December–31 January.Egg collecting and killingturtles while they’reonshore prohibited.


Green turtle 34 in (865 mm) meas-ured over the top ofthe carapace shelllengthwise

Closed seasons: 1 June–31 August and1 December–31 January.Egg collecting prohibited.


Hawksbill turtle 27 in (685 mm) meas-ured over the top ofthe carapace shelllengthwise

(same as above) Federated States ofMicronesia - Pohnpei

Green turtle 34 in (865 mm) acrosscarapace length

Egg collecting prohibited.No taking of turtles whilethey’re onshore.

Marshall Islands

Hawksbill turtle 27 in (685 mm) acrosscarapace length

(same as above) Marshall Islands

Turt le s Spec ie s Size l imi ts O ther regu lat ions Count r y / Te r r i tor y

Chelonia mydas

(green turtle)

Dermochelys coriacea

(leatherback turtle)

–16

–

Chelonia mydasgreen turtlemelob

34 in (865 mm) acrosscarapace length

Closed seasons (June,July, August, Decemberand January). Egg col-lecting prohibited. Notaking of female turtleswhile they’re onshore.

Palau

Eretmochelys imbricatahawksbill turtlengasech

27 in (685 mm) acrosscarapace length

(same as above) Palau

Chelonia mydasgreen turtlelaumei

700 mm as its longestpart measured alongthe curve of the cara-pace

No taking or destructionof eggs, no disturbanceof nests. Director ofFisheries may declareclosed seasons.

Samoa

Eretmochelys imbricatahawksbill turtlelaumei

700 mm as its longestpart measured alongthe curve of the cara-pace

(same as above) Samoa

Sea turtles(All species except theleathery backed turtle orluth, Dermochelys cori-acea)

750 mm total carapacelength

Fishing and egg collectingfor leathery backed turtleprohibited year-round.Fishing and egg collectingfor other turtles prohibitedfrom 1 June–31 Aug. and1 Nov.–31 Jan. All com-mercial uses prohibited.

Solomon Islands

Turtlesfonu(All species except theleatherback turtle,Dermochelys coriacea)

450 mm shell length Fishing for leatherback tur-tle prohibited year-round.Closed season for otherturtles: August–Februaryincluded. Egg collectingand nest disturbance pro-hibited. Use of spear orspeargun prohibited.

Tonga

Eretmochelys imbricata

(hawksbill turtle)

–17

–

Acanthuridae (surgeonfish, tangs, unicornfish)

Acanturus sp. (Hepatus sp.)surgeonfishbalagi

200 mm from the pointof the snout to the mid-dle of the tailfin

Fiji Islands

Naso sp.unicorn-fish, leather jacketta


Fiji Islands

Acanthurus sp.,Ctenochaetus sp.surgeonfishes and tangsalogo, pone, palagi

200 mm from the fur-thermost point of thesnout to the middle ofthe tailfin

Samoa

Naso sp.unicornfishesume, iliilia, pa’umalo


Samoa

Belonidae (needlefish)

Belone sp.longtom, garfish, greengarsaku busa


Fiji Islands

–18

–Bony f ish Spec ie s Size l imi ts O ther regu lat ions Count r y / Te r r i tor y

Acanthurus sp.

Naso sp.

Belone sp.

–19

–

Carangidae (jacks and pompanos)

Caranx sp.crevally, trevally, pompanosaqa (excluding vilu/saqa)


Fiji Islands

Caranx sp., Carangoides sp.jacks and trevalliesmalauli, lupota, lupo


Samoa

Selar sp.bigeye scadatule


Director of Fisheries maydeclare closed seasons.

Samoa

Centropomidae (snooks)

Lates calcariferbarramundi

360 mm total lengthwhen sold or exported

Papua New Guinea

Chanidae (milkfish)

Chanos sp.milk fishyawa


Fiji Islands

Chanos sp.milkfishava


Samoa

Lates calcarifer

Caranx sp.

Selar sp.

Chanos sp.

Gerreidae (mojarras)

Gerres sp.mojarramatu


Fiji Islands

Gerres sp.mojarra (silver biddies)matu


Samoa

Kuhliidae (aholeholes)

Kuhlia sp. (Dules sp.)glassperch, aholeholeika droka


Fiji Islands

Kyphosidae (sea chubs)

Kyphosus sp.drummerfishes (rudderfish-es or sea chubs)ganue


Samoa

–20


Gerres sp.

Kuhlia sp.

Kyphosus sp.

–21

–

Labridae (wrasses)

Cheilinus undulatusNapoleon wrassengimer, maml

25 in (635 mm) from tipof snout to end of tail

No export allowed. Palau

Cheilinus undulatushumphead Maori wrasse

650 mm for fish export-ed live

Live fish fishery for exportalso regulated for: fishinggear (handline only), fish-ing areas, licenses, con-servation (fish cages),monitoring and reporting.

Papua New Guinea

Cheilinus sp.wrassessugale


Samoa

Leiognathidae (slimys, slipmouths or ponyfish)

Gazza sp.pouter, slimy, soapy,peperekkaikai


Fiji Islands

Cheilinus undulatus

Cheilinus sp.

Gazza sp.

Lethrinidae (emperors or scavengers)

Lethrinus sp.sea bream, pig-facedbreamkawago, dokonivudi,musubi


Fiji Islands

Lethrinus sp.small sea breamkabatia, kake


Fiji Islands

Lethrinus sp.small sea breamsabutu


Fiji Islands

Lethrinus sp.,Gymnocranius sp.sea breams, emperorsmataeleele, Filoa


Samoa

Lutjanidae (snappers)

Lutjanus sp.snapperdamu


Fiji Islands

–22

–

Gymnocranius sp.

Lethrinus sp.

Lutjanus sp.

Bony f ish Spec ie s Size l imi ts O ther regu lat ions Count r y / Te r r i tor y

Lutjanus argentimaculatusmangrove jack



Papua New Guinea

Lutjanus rivulatusMaori perch


(same as above) Papua New Guinea

Lutjanus russelliiMoses perch



Lutjanus sebaered emperor



–23

–

Lutjanus argentimaculatus

Lutjanus rivulatus

Lutjanus russellii

Lutjanus sebae

Mugilidae (mullets)

Mugil sp.grey mulletkanace


Fiji Islands

Mugil sp., Chaenomugil sp.,Crenimugil sp., Liza sp.,Calamugil sp.mulletanae, afa, matapona, aua



Samoa

Mullidae (goatfish)

Mulloidichthys sp.,Pseudopeneus sp.,Upeneus sp.surmullet, goatfish, whisker-codki, ose


Fiji Islands

Mulloides sp., Parupeneus sp.goatfishesululaoa, vete, taulaia


Samoa

–24


Mugil sp.

Mulloidichthys sp.

–25

–

Scaridae (parrotfish)

Bolbometopon muricatumhumphead parrotfishberdebed

25 in (635 mm) frombeak to center of tail

No export allowed. Palau

Scarus sp., Cetoscarus sp.,Hipposcarus sp.,Bolbometopon sp.parrotfishesfuga


Samoa

Scombridae (mackerels, tunas, bonitos)

Rastrelliger sp.long-jawed mackerelsalala


Fiji Islands

Rastrelliger sp.long-jawed mackerel(striped mackerel or Indianmackerel)ga


Samoa

Bolbometopon muricatum

Scarus sp.

Rastrelliger sp.

Serranidae (groupers and fairy basslet)

Serranus sp.rock cod, grouper, salmoncoddonu, kawakawa, kavu(excluding small red spot-ted cod)


Fiji Islands

Cromileptes altivelisbarramundi cod



Papua New Guinea

Epinephelus fuscoguttatusflowery cod



Epinephelus polyphekadioncamouflage grouper


(same as above). Papua New Guinea

–26

–

Cromileptes altivelis

Epinephelus fuscoguttatus

Epinephelus polyphekadion

Bony f ish Spec ie s Size l imi ts O ther regu lat ions Count r y / Te r r i tor y

Plectropomus areolatussquaretail coral trout



Plectropomus laevisChinese footballer trout



Plectropomus leopardusleopard coral trout



Plectropomus oligacanthushighfin coral trout



Epinephelus sp.rock cods, groupersgatala



Samoa

–27

–

Plectropomus areolatus

Plectropomus laevis

Plectropomus leopardus

Plectropomus oligacanthus

Epinephelus sp.

Siganidae (rabbitfish)

Siganus sp.ketang, spinefoot, rabbit-fishNuqa


Fiji Islands

Siganus sp.rabbitfishlo, pa’uulu, malava, tito


Samoa

Sphyraenidae (barracudas)

Sphyraena sp.barracudaogo


Fiji Islands

–28


Siganus sp.

Sphyraena sp.

–29

–

Var ious te chnique s used for me asur ing f ishe r ie s re source s

Diameter across the nacreMeasure across the shell Distance from the hinge to the opposite edge

Umbo-ventral length

Shell width(measure across the nacre)

Basal diameter(measure across the

base of the shell)

Longest dimension

Whorl opening

Longest diameter

Lengthalong theoutside ofthe shell

Var ious te chnique s used for me asur ing f ishe r ie s re source s

Total length –3

0–

Length between the eye and

the front edge of the telson

66

7711

22

55

33

44and

1. from the front edge of the carapace to the rear edge of the telson2. carapace length3. from the midline behind the rostral horns to the rear edge of the carapace4. from the base of the supra orbital spines to the end of the cephalothorax5. tail length 6. carapace width7. tail width between the lateral notches of the first tail segment

Carapacewidth

Length

Carapacewidth

Thoracic length

Carapace length

1

2

1: measured in a straight line

2: measured along the curve of thecarapace

Fork length*

Total length

* or: measure taken at the middle of the tail

–31

–

Length frombehind therostral hornto the rear

edge of thecarapace

–32–

ReferencesAAmmeerriiccaann SSaammooaa::American Samoa Code Annotated (A.S.C.A) Section 24 - Fishery Regulations.

CCooookk IIssllaannddss::Aitutaki Fisheries By-Laws 1990

FFeeddeerraatteedd SSttaatteess ooff MMiiccrroonneessiiaa -- KKoossrraaeeTitle 19 of the Kosrae State Code

FFeeddeerraatteedd SSttaatteess ooff MMiiccrroonneessiiaa -- PPoohhnnppeeii::Pohnpei State Conservation and Resource Enforcement Act of 1982Kosrae Marine Resources Act of 2000 and Regulation No. 19-88 pursuant toKosrae Code 2.405

FFiijjii IIssllaannddss::Fisheries Act 1997: Chapter 158 - Cap.158 Ed. 1992 - Subsidiary Legislation

FFrreenncchh PPoollyynneessiiaa::Délibération n° 88-184 AT du 8 décembre 1988 relative à la protection de cer-taines espèces animales marines d’eau douce du patrimoine naturel polynésienDélibération n° 59/2 du 16 janvier 1959 réglementant la pêche des huîtresnacrières et perlières par plongeur à nu en Polynésie française.

GGuuaamm::Title 16 - Natural Resources and Recreation - Chapter 2 - Fishing Regulation 2004

KKiirriibbaattii::Laws of Kiribati, Amended 1984, Revised Edition 1979 - Chapter 33

MMaarrsshhaallll IIssllaannddss::Marshall Islands Marine Resources Authority Act 1997

NNeeww CCaalleeddoonniiaa::Memento sur la réglementation des pêches maritimes (2005)

NNiiuuee::Domestic Fishing Act 1995 and Domestic Fishing Regulations 1996

PPaallaauu::Marine Protection Act 1994

PPaappuuaa NNeeww GGuuiinneeaa::Fisheries Management Act 1998; Fisheries (Torres Strait Protected Zone) Act 1984;The Barramundi Fishery Management Plan 1998; The National Live Reef Food FishFishery Management Plan 2003; The National Lobster Management Plan 1996;The National Beche-de-mer Fishery Management Plan (revised version) 2003.

SSaammooaa::Local Fisheries Regulations 1996

SSoolloommoonn IIssllaannddss::Fisheries regulations 1972 [CAP. 38]

TToonnggaa::Fisheries Act 1989 (Section 59) - The Fisheries (Conservation and Management)Regulations 1994

VVaannuuaattuu::Fisheries Act 1982

WWaalllliiss && FFuuttuunnaa::Délibération 38/cp/94 du 7 juin 1994 complétée de la déliberation 09/AT/2004 du11 février 2004.

Size limits and other coastal fisheries regulations used in the Pacific ...

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