SITUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE IN...
Transcript of SITUATION OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SURVEILLANCE IN...
SITUATION OF
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
SURVEILLANCE IN
MALAYSIA DR PRIYA RAGUNATH
FFOM(IRE), MPH(MAL), MPH[OH] (MAL), CMIA(MAL), CAOCH(USA)
MINISTRY OF HEALTH, MALAYSIA
18.12.17
Contents
• Introduction
• Functions and Authority
• Statistics in Occupational health
• Safety Measures and Legislation
• Health Surveillance
Malaysian Scenario 2016
• 13 States and 3 Federal Territories
• 330,803 square kilometres
• Population 32.2 million
• Labour force 15.06 million
• Unemployment Rate 3.4%
• Outside labour force (housewives, disabled) 7.12 million
• Foreign labour force 2.1 million
Major Industries
Manufacturing :
Electronics
Automotive Others:
• Petroleum and LNG
• Wood
• Palm Oil
• Rubber
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH
MIN OF HUMAN
RESOURCES
DEPARTMENT OF
OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND
HEALTH
(DOSH)
OCCUPATIONAL
HEALTH UNIT
MIN OF HEALTH
SOCIAL
SECURITY
ORGANIZATION
(SOCSO)
NIOSH
OTHER
AGENCIES
UNIVERSITIES SOCIETIES
Functions of MOH
• To provide health preventive & promotive services, treatment, rehabilitation
• To provide human resources : trained healthcare personnel, occupational health doctors, occupational health nurses
• To complement the services of the Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Social Security Organization-joint activities
• Regional and global networking
Activities of MOH concerned with occupational
health
Preventive programs – Immunization
Promotive programs - workplace NCD’s, Occ health
Training of personnel -health care personnel
Treatment and rehabilitation -clinical
Notification
Safety and health audits
Medical surveillance
Compensation : Ex Gratia & SOCSO
Investigations of outbreaks at the workplace
Roles of the other Agencies AGENCY ROLES
DOSH Setting standards, enforcement, OSH promotion, data analysis
NIOSH Training, consultancy, information dissemination, research
SOCSO Compensation, rehabilitation, OSH promotion in private sector
Ministry of Finance Compensation for Govt sector
Universities Academic training
Societies Training, promotion
Accidents and Injuries 2016 Industry Accidents
Manufacturing 11,943
Mining 238
Construction 4,269
Agriculture 2,359
Utilities 620
Transportation 2,038
Trade 5,377
Hotel 941
Finance 3,677
Civil Service 9,543
Total 41,005
Legislation
• Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994
• Factories and Machinery Act 1967
• Social Security Act 1969
• Pesticides Act 1974
• Environmental Quality Act 1974
•Employment Act 1955
•Workman's Compensation Act 1952
Safety and Health Policy
Notification
Safety and
Health Audit
Workplace Health
Promotion
Investigations
Medical Surveillance
OH Activities to be carried out by law
Activities under OSHA
1994
Health Surveillance 1. Surveillance of occupational diseases and accidents:
By the Occ Health practitioners OHD, OHN • Notification System
• Medical surveillance
• Compensation
2. Work environment assessment
By the Hygienists, safety officers, other competent persons • Audits
• Risk assessments
• Investigations
Health Surveillance : Occupational Diseases and Accidents
• DOSH reporting system
Includes : MOH reporting
Medical Surveillance data
• Complementary systems: Compensation systems • SOCSO
• Ex Gratia
Health surveillance procedure for occupational
health
OSHA Act 1994
• NADOPOD Regulations 2004: Notification of Occupational Diseases and Accidents • USECHH Regulations 2000: Medical Surveillance for chemicals
Factories and Machinery Act 1967 • Noise regulations 1989: Medical Surveillance • Mineral Dust regulations 1989: Medical Surveillance • Asbestos regulations 1986: Medical Surveillance • Lead Regulations 1984: Medical Surveillance
NADOPOD ACT 2004
• Occupational Safety and Health (Notification of Accident, Dangerous Occurrence, Occupational Poisoning and Occupational Disease Regulations) 2004
• Enforced by DOSH
• Reporting by government and private doctors
NADOPOD 2004
Objectives:
a. To comply with the act
b. To standardize reporting
c. To establish valid and
reliable statistics
Guidelines on Occupational Safety And Health (Notification Of Accident, Dangerous Occurrence,
Occupational Poisoning And Occupational Disease Regulations) 2004
LEGAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT
(OSHA) 1994
Section 32(1) require employer to notify the nearest OSH office if any of the following has occurred or is likely to occur:-
Accident
Dangerous Occurrence
Occupational Poisoning
Occupational Disease
LEGAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT
(OSHA) 1994
Section 32(2) require every registered medical practitioner attending or visiting a patient whom he believes to be suffering from any diseases listed under FMA 1967 or any regulation made under OSHA 1994 to report the matter to Director General
A registered medical practitioner or medical
officer attending to a patient suffering from any
one of the OP or OD listed in the 3rd Schedule
shall within 7 days report to DG and notify the
employer of the patient
LEGAL REQUIREMENTS UNDER OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT (OSHA) 1994
Record Keeping
• Every employer shall record and maintain a
register, in approved form of all occupational
poisonings or occupational diseases which have
occurred, arising out of or in connection with work
under his control, whether or not the occupational
poisonings and diseases have been reported
• The record is to be kept at the place of work or
business for 5 years
• The extract from the registry for a period of 1 year
to be sent to DOSH at the end of the year
PENALTY
Any person who contravenes any provision of these Regulations commits an offence and
shall on conviction be liable to a fine not exceeding ten thousand ringgit (RM10,000) or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding one
year or to both.
Medical Surveillance As per relevant regulations :
• Chemicals
Including: • Mineral dusts • Asbestos • Lead
• Noise
• Guidelines on Medical Surveillance : 36 Chemicals
Reported Medical Surveillance 2016: 3040 reports
Compensation claims data
• SOCSO : Data from the private sector
• Ex Gratia : Data from the government sector
( Includes disability, disease and death)
OH Resources MOH
• Registered Occupational Health Doctors (Govt & Private) : 1113
• Govt doctors in health care facilities: trained to report occupational diseases through MOH
• Paramedics in the health care facilities trained to report occupational accidents
Capacity Building
Training Courses:
NIOSH/ MOH Occupational Health Doctor –certification
Occupational Health Nurse – certification
Universities Masters in Public Health(Occupational Health)
Masters in Occupational Medicine -overseas
Issues in occupational health surveillance
• Limited trained Occ Health personnel
• OHD do not have power of entry to workplaces
• No central lab, various accreditation bodies, limited availabilities for certain tests
• OHD stuck in btw legislation and employer; reporting, cases with infectious diseases like HIV, company policies
Future Prospects : in progress
• Migration of FMA and the OSHA
• Requirements for in-house OHD and OHN
• Updated medical surveillance guidelines
• Integrated online surveillance system
• Registration of overseas Occupational Medicine degrees on the National Specialist Register