Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the...
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Transcript of Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the...
![Page 1: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Singular Terms
In predicate logic translation the firstthing you need to do is diagnose the difference between:
Singular and General terms or statements.
![Page 2: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Singular Terms
In predicate logic translation the firstthing you need to do is diagnose the difference between:
Singular and General terms.
This is not the same as:
Singular vs. Plural.
![Page 3: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Singular Terms
In predicate logic translation the firstthing you need to do is diagnose the difference between:
Singular and General terms.
This is not the same as:
Singular vs. Plural.
Individual
![Page 4: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Singular Terms
In predicate logic translation the firstthing you need to do is diagnose the difference between:
Singular and General terms.
A singular (individual) term picks out a unique individual.
Individual
![Page 5: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Translating Singular Terms
In predicate logic translation the firstthing you need to do is diagnose the difference between:
Singular and General terms.
A singular (individual) term picks out a unique individual.
Individual
Socrates is a man
![Page 6: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Translating Singular Terms
In predicate logic translation the firstthing you need to do is diagnose the difference between:
Singular and General terms.
A singular (individual) term picks out a unique individual.
Individual
Socrates is a Man
![Page 7: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Translating Singular Terms
In predicate logic translation the firstthing you need to do is diagnose the difference between:
Singular and General terms.
A singular (individual) term picks out a unique individual.
Individual
Socrates is a Man
Ms
![Page 8: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Identifying Singular Terms
A singular (individual) term picks out a unique individual.
Socrates
![Page 9: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Identifying Singular Terms
A singular (individual) term picks out a unique individual.
Socrates
Jim’s cat
![Page 10: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Identifying Singular Terms
A singular (individual) term picks out a unique individual.
Socrates
Jim’s cat
he, she, it, this, that
![Page 11: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Identifying Singular Terms
A singular (individual) term picks out a unique individual.
Socrates
Jim’s cat
he, she, it, this, that
the first man on the moon
![Page 12: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Identifying Singular Terms
A singular (individual) term picks out a unique individual.
Socrates
Jim’s cat
he, she, it, this, that
some cat
a cat
WRONG!‘some’ and ‘a’
are always general
![Page 13: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Which Test
The which test is designed to distinguish singular from general terms.
![Page 14: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Which Test
Imagine a conversation:
A: Socrates is a man.B: Which person did you have in mind?A: No particular person.
ASK: Could this be coherent?
The which test is designed to distinguish singular from general terms.
![Page 15: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Which Test
Imagine a conversation:
A: Socrates is a man.B: Which person did you have in mind?A: No particular person.
ASK: Could this be coherent?
ANSWER: NO IT COULD NOT
SO: The term ‘Socrates’ is singular.
The which test is designed to distinguish singular from general terms.
![Page 16: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
The Which Test
Imagine a conversation:
A: A cat ruined the couch.B: Which cat did you have in mind?A: No particular cat.
ASK: Could this be coherent?
ANSWER: YES IT COULD!
SO: The term ‘a cat’ is NOT singular.
The which test is designed to distinguish singular from general terms.
![Page 17: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
The Which Test
Imagine a conversation:
A: The cat ruined the couch.B: Which cat did you have in mind?A: No particular cat.
ASK: Could this be coherent?
ANSWER: NO IT COULD NOT!
SO: The term ‘the cat’ is singular.
The which test is designed to distinguish singular from general terms.
![Page 18: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
The Which Test
Imagine a conversation:
A: He who defiles an Egyptian tomb must die.B: Which person did you have in mind?A: No particular person.
ASK: Could this be coherent?
ANSWER: YES IT COULD!
SO: The term ‘he’ is NOT singular in this case.
Although ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’ and ‘the X’ are usually singular, they can be general.
![Page 19: Singular Terms In predicate logic translation the first thing you need to do is diagnose the difference between: Singular and General terms or statements.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062519/56649ced5503460f949ba8eb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The Which Test
Imagine a conversation:A: The whale is a mammal.B: Which whale did you have in mind?A: No particular whale.
ASK: Could this be coherent?
ANSWER: YES IT COULD!
SO: The term ‘the whale’ is NOT singular in this case.
Although ‘he’, ‘she’, ‘it’ and ‘the X’ are usually singular, they can be general.
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