Single Displacement Reactions
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Transcript of Single Displacement Reactions
An element takes the place of another element that is in a compound
Could be a metal replacing a metal or a non-metal replacing a non-metal
General formulas: A + BC AC + B (A and B are metals) A + BC BA + C (A and C are nonmetals) + +
Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq) Cu(NO3)2(aq) + Ag(s)
This reaction does not go in reverse! Why can’t Ag replace Cu? It is because of the reactivity of the metals.
The “Activity Series” is a list of elements that is organized according to their chemical reactivity.
LithiumPotassiumCalciumSodiumMagnesiumAluminiumZincChromiumIronNickelTinLeadHydrogenCopper MercurySilverPlatinumGold
Most reactive
Least reactive
Use the activity series to predict if the following single displacement reaction occurs
Al(s) + NiBr3(aq) __________
Write the balanced chemical equation
Notice that hydrogen is on the activity series and it is not a metal! Hydrogen may be displaced from most acids by all metals above itHydrogen may only be displaced from water (at room temp.) by those above magnesium
Use the activity series to predict if the following single displacement reaction occurs
Ag(s) + HBr(aq) __________
Write the balanced chemical equation, if reaction occurs
Use the activity series to predict if the following single displacement reaction occurs
K(s) + H2O(l) __________
Write the balanced chemical equation, if reaction occurs
Non-metals are negatively charged, so it can be replaced with only another non-metal.
F2(g) + 2NaI(s) I2 (s) + 2NaF (s)
There is a separate activity series for halogens
fluorinechlorinebromineiodine
Most reactive
Least reactive
Use the activity series to predict if the following single displacement reaction occurs
Br2(g) + NaCl(aq) __________
Write the balanced chemical equation, if it does occur