morbidity associated with free flaps, in some patients,regional flaps provide a more viable alternative. Amongthe regional flaps used, the temporalis muscle flap is themost versatile, associated with the least morbidity, andone of the most commonly used. In a case-based format,this lecture will review the different local and regionalflaps used for reconstruction of oral defects with empha-sis on the temporalis muscle flap. It will also review thesurgical anatomy and the surgical technique of the tem-poralis flap, its uses, advantages, and disadvantages inreconstruction of intraoral defects.

References

Abubaker AO, Abouzgia MB: Temporalis muscle flap in reconstruc-tion of intraoral defects: An appraisal of the technique. Oral Surg OralMed Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 94:24, 2002

Alonso del Hoyo J, Sanroman JF, Gil Diez JL, et al: The temporalismuscle flap: An evaluation and review of 38 cases. J Oral MaxillofacSurg 52:143, 1994

Antonyshyn O, Gruss JS, Birt BD: Versatility of temporal muscleflaps. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 41:118, 1988

S217Simultaneously Incorporating DentalImplants and Facial Cosmetic SurgeryGregory Thomas, DDS, MS, Rochester, MIZenon J. Kossak, DDS, Rochester, MI

Dental implants are well recognized as the standard ofcare to replace missing teeth. Patients are actively seek-ing this restorative option and are well informed con-sumers, this demographic of patient also possesses thehigh self image to desire facial cosmetic enhancement.Our highly competitive world, with its tight time re-straints, encourages our patients to seek care with highregard t6 their professional convenience. This desirecompels patients to bundle procedure. They can thenutilize the same anesthesia experience, recovery timeand surgical episode commitments of both dental im-plant reconstruction and facial cosmetic surgery, theconvenience and economic savings of merging theseprocedures is becoming very popular.

References

Beirne U, Branemark P-I, Reconstruction of alveolar jaw bone: Anexperimental and clinical study of immediate and preformed autolo-gous bone grafts in combination with osseointegrated implants. ScandJ Plast Reconstr Surg 14:23, 1980

Boyne P, James RA. Grafting of the maxillary sinus with autogenousmarrow and bone. J Oral Surg 38:613, 1980

Keller EE, Tolman DE, Eckert S. Surgical-prosthodontic reconstruc-tion of advanced maxillary bone compromise with autogenous onlayblock bone grafts and osseointegrated endosseous implants: A 12-yearstudy of 32 consecutive patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 14:197,1999

S221Extraction Immediate Implant PlacementCharles A. Babbush, DDS, MScD, Lyndhurst, OH

The concept of extraction immediate implant replace-ment has received a lot of attention over the last fifteenyears. Studies have already proven the efficacy of thistechnique and implant systems have been designed tohandle these indications. Based on a five-year statisticaldata base, the author has developed the following set ofguidelines:

1. Antibiotic therapy is initiated three to five daysprior to surgery if any evidence of infection.

2. If purulent exudates are present during surgery,implant placement or grafting procedures arenot done.

3. If the tooth is brittle or ankylosed, a high speedhandpiece and bur are used to section the tooth.Each segment is excised individually with theaim of preserving the host receptor bone.

4. The implant should be totally immobilized with-out the benefit of graft material when seated.

5. Grafting and/or the use of a barrier membraneshould be considered in most cases.

This presentation will feature an implant system witha tapered design that mimics the natural tooth root. Ithas a diminishing threaded body which evolves into apress fit apical portion. It is indicated for extractionimmediate replacement, single tooth replacement, andany situation that has a compromised bony receptor siteanatomically. This presentation will demonstrate thestep-by-step pre-surgical guidelines and the surgical andprosthetic concepts using a series of cases with a sum-mation of seventeen years of data.

References

Babbush CA: Extraction immediate implant placement: 5-Year statis-tical review. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Academy ofOsseointegration, Orlando, FL, March 4, 1994

Babbush CA: Immediate implant placement in fresh extraction sites.Dent Surg Products Apr/May:32, 1998

Babbush CA: Dental Implants: The Art and Science. Philadelphia, PA,Saunders, 2001, chap 14

S222Update on Lasers in OMSRobert A. Strauss, DDS, MD, Richmond, VA

Lasers are becoming more intrinsic to the practice oforal and maxillofacial surgery every year. With emergingtechnologies, increasing numbers of procedures aremade possible through the use of laser surgery. Lasershave a number of advantages over other methods ofsurgery including decreased bleeding and scarring, de-creased swelling, less postoperative pain, and ease of

Surgical Clinics

120 AAOMS • 2005