SIMONETTASIMONETTA TUNESITUNESI

THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF NON-PERCEIVED WASTES AND THE TOOLS TO PLAN WASTE MANAGEMENT

AGBOGBLOSHIE GHANA A bridge made of old monitors: recycling?

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A PROBLEM OF GLOBAL SOCIAL JUSTICE:the transport of hazardous wastes in nations with an insufficient environmental legislation, without

environmental protection Agencies and no enforced controls

Worker’s conditions in the recycling of ship wrecks and electronical waste

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Landfills in the world

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NON SANITARY landfills in the world: again a problem of global distribution

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from D-WasteAtlas

WE ARE REFLECTED IN THE WASTES WE GENERATE AND IN THE DAMAGES WE EXPORT

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A PROBLEM OF GLOBAL SOCIAL JUSTICE:

The transfer of the best available technologies impliesTHE RESPONSIBILITY OF OLD INDUSTRIALISATION

COUNTRIES

The industrial supply-chain of the recovery from waste was not born yesterday

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Dickens describes the results of this proto-industrial systems in ‘Our mutual friend’, where the wealth accumulated by a Golden Dustman tests both human greed and generosity

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The industrial supply-chain of the recovery from waste

Segregated collection when there is not an industrial supply-chain of recovery

In the landfill next to the city of Uzhgorod in Ucraine a child cleans himself during a break: his work is searching for metallic wastes.

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Guatemala: a landfill crowning Lake Atitlan

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The segregated collection when there is not an industrial supply-chain of recovery

PRIMI PASSI VERSO UNA FILIERA INDUSTRIALE DEI RIFIUTI?

In Afganistan a worker gets organised: he could earn up to 1,75 $ per day.

Actually, waste pickers /pepinadores / ragpickers’ contribution –women, children and men – is essential for low and middle-income Countries and emerging economies:• it warrants a high recyclign level: up to 30%•it is a source of income for poor citizens and unskilled workers•when appropriately recognised, it can contribute to workers’ social organisationThus, every national and local waste management strategy should include these workers in the waste network and foresee specific supporting policies

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The segregated collection when there is not an industrial supply-chain of recovery

The industrial supply-chain for energy recovery

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Energy from thermal treatment: the project for Copenhagen

Fuel from waste

Rifiuti senza frontiere

How waste burns in open air when there is not an industrial approach: these are regular

operations not episodic events

San Andres: waste management operations to use the limited space

MOzamibque

LA TECNOLOGIA PUO’ FARSI CARICO DELLE PROPRIE CONSEGUENZE?

http://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/landuse/multimedia

THESE WORKERS ARE DOING THE SAME THING: THEY RECOVER PRECIOUS METALS

FROM ELECTRONIC WASTES

THE CONSEQUENCES OF THINGS: is it moral to live immersed in the relationship with technological objects and to refuse technology

when it gets to manage the wastes of these objects?

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The responsibility of old industrialisation countries : TO PROVE that technology can be reconciled with the concept of

CARE and CAUTION and that it is possible to PLAN solutions which are adequate to the different national and local realities

Use planning tools to assess the most adequate technologies: in low and middle-income countries eneryg recovery can not employ thermal treatment and must address the anaerobic digestion of food waste

PRIORITY is the sanification of existing landfills or open dumps

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LCA Comune Bologna SC 2017-A

RSU da URBANI

RSU da INDROVERI

RSU da TARGET

RIR Prf 5 IIn

PRIVATI aCdR

RIR CS 14 IInt

CdR CAAB

CdR BORGO

CdR STRADELLI

CdR Tolmino

RIR TargetCassoni

C M_SGR a AKR

CC da Target

C da TARGET

RD PIAZZOLA

RD CS NEGOZI eTARGET

C assml aAK

C Piazzola aAK

ORG a DA Heramb

CC assiml a AK

C Roveri aAK

PL PIazzola AK

PL ROV aAK

PL C+R PaP a AK

PL M_SGR aAK

PL neg aAK

L a EcoLgn

V+L da UNiv aEMRot

RIR ROVERI

PL da TRAGET

RIR C+R a SAT

RD ABITI da RD ABITI

V+L Perf + (C+R)CAMP

L da ROVERI

L da target

VERDE da target

ABITI

R abb a TITAN

RIR Piazzola

RD StGuelfi

RIR a SG

V e L EmilRott

FE CdR a RotINd

ECOLEGNO BO PREPx REC

L Rov a EcoL

RIR SGR

RIR CS aTITAN

RIR M_SGR

C SGR

Sacc C CS come2013

AKRON GRANAROLO

PL SGR

ad AK G

Discarica 3M

C C+R adAKSacc C C+R

Sacc PL C+R42,58

VERDE CompgPrivati

bio-Sacc C+R ScAl

DISC PER ASACastelMagg

Fe daTM

Vetro

non-FE

Compost Verdecompost daVERDE

CC CdR T

ScVg CdR Caab

Legno

Ferrosi

L CdR CaabPL CdR CAAB

C+C CdR CAAB

C da CDR aAK

L CdR a ECOLgn

ScVg CdR aStAg

L CdR SG

PL da CdR SG

Scarti RD

TT MO per COBO

Sacc RIR CS LDPERECY

CS IsI V+L

CS IsI V+L

OTHEROTHER

Method proposed as support to WM planning:

the ANALYSIS of the WASTE FLOWS of an INTEGRATED WM system to quantify infrastructural needs and as the basis for the

Life Cycle Assessment of alternative scenario

Waste management is a ‘wicked problem’ and must be confronted with tools appropriate to its complexityS

ession: Waste w

itout borders Three main flows form which to recover materials and energy: Dry recyclateSegregated collection of food wasteResidual waste

The analysis of waste flows of an integrated WM system as the basis for the quantification of environmental impacts requires to:

define the boundaries of the system being planned

reconstruct all flows and follow the waste till the last treatment: such as landfilling of slag from thermal treatment

describe in detail ALL operations and phases of waste management

quantify the contribution of each waste fraction: ALL inputs and outputs of waste/matter/energy from the supply-chain analysed

collect a high amount of good quality data

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LE FILIERE DEL RECUPERO DI MATERIA: I PUNTI DI VISTA

FIGURA ECOMONDO

Ecomondo

PaP

Prossimità

Centri diRaccolta

RICICLAGGIOnon-ferrosi

RICICLAGGIOCARTA

RiciclaggioEstero

The idealised vision of the materials recovery supply-chain

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PLASTICHE

CENTRI DIRACCOLTA

PET HDPE LDPE aRICICLAGGIO DA

ASTA

DISCARICA

da MULTI leggeroa TRASFERENZA

PLASTICHE MISTEa RICICLAGGIO

RD UTENZE NONDOMESTICHE

SPECIALI a TRASFERENZAo SELEZIONE

PLASTICHE da RDTARGET di SPECIALI

( cassette,...)e FILM da RIFIUTI

INDUSTRIA

PLASTICHE da INDUSTRIAa RICICLAGGIO

DIRETTO

da CdR aTRASFERENZA

Stazione Intermediadi Trasferenza

RICICLAGGIOESTERO

SCARRABILI

PL Miste a RICICLAGGIOcon TECNICHESPERIMENTALI

SELEZIONECONSORTILE

da MONO aTRASFERENZA

SPECIALI / IMBALLAGGIa RICICLAGGIO DIRETTO

INDIPENDENTE RICICLAGGIOa MERCATO

CASSONISCARRABILI

PLASTICHE da RDda COMMERCIO e

RISTORAZIONE RIFIUTIASSIMILABILI

NC SCARTI II a RECUPEROENERGETICO e

DISCARICA

CPL ad ASTA

DISCARICA

TRATTAMENTO TERMICOcon RECUPEROENERGETICO

TRATTAMENTO TERMICOcon RECUPEROENERGETICO

PL MIX e SCARTIa TMB

SCARTI I a RECUPEROENERGETICO e

DISCARICA

SELEZIONE NONconsortile

NC a RECUPEROENRGETICO

PL MIX e Scartia TMB

CDR/CSS a RECUPEROENERGETICO

CDR/CSS a RECUPEROENERGETICO

a SELEZIONE

PRIVATI eAZIENDE

a Trasferenza

TRASPORTOINTERCONTINENTALE

a IMPIANTIESTERI

CONS e NonCONS aRICICLAGGIO

ESTERO

PLASTICHE da RDdi RIFIUTI DOMESTICI

e ASSIMILATI

INDIPENDENTE a RICICLAGGIOMERCATO

MONO da RD direttamentea SELEZIONE

SCARTI II a RECUPEROENERGETICO e

DISCARICA

PLASTICHE MISTEa RECUPEROENERGETICO

MISTO poliolefinichead ACCIAIERIE

SRA inACCIAIERIE

MULTI PL + V + LattinePaP e

PROSSIMITA'

MULTI PL + LattinePaP e

PROSSIMITA'

MONO PaP ePROSSIMITA'

RD a Pulizia eSeparazione

da MULTI pesantecambio MEZZI

trasporto

RECUPERO FRAZIONIESTRANEE

da PULIZIA e SEPARAZIONEFRAZIONI ESTRANEE

a RECUPERO dimateria

RACCOLTA PROSSIMITA'per POLIMERI

RD POLIMERI aSELEZIONE

PULIZIA e SEPARAZIONEFRAZIONI

CEMENTIFICI

CEMENTIFICI

“A preliminary study of the waste flows of the supply-chain for plastics recovery” S. Tunesi – A. Fiore – ATA-ISWA Italia –

ECOMONDO 2014

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This is actually how the supply-chain for plastics recovery looks like

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RECCOMENDATIONS

1. A clear national legal framework; formulate a National WM Strategy; good integration among institutional tiers

2. Openly address the need to integrate WM with the energy system (both central and distributed) and assess the role of WM in avoiding GHG emissions

3. On the basis of the waste flows analysis and LCA: properly define number, type and capacity of the plants necessary to develop or complete the infrastructural system at regional and national scale

4. Strengthen national and international actions to control transboundary transport and illegal traffic

5. Understand the need to recognise the network of actors, to support discussion and participation on planning alternatives

6. Make results of health and environmental monitoring publicly available

7. Support the adoption of eco-design, innovative treatment technologies and social solutions