sI.-kn.-_n.-kn. ss__nƒ IΩo-j-s‚bpw

tIcf ImØ-enIv ss__nƒ skmssk-‰n-bp-sSbpw kwbp-‡m-`napJ-yØn¬

temtKmkv Iznkv 2012

1. ]pd-∏mSv 25˛40; 2. a¿t°mkv 1-˛16; 3. ]tXmkv Fgp-Xnb c≠mw teJ\w

sI.-kn.-_n.-Fkv. ]ªn-t°-j≥kv ]n.-H.-kn. ]mem-cn-h-´w, sIm®n ˛ 682 025

13-˛m-aXv temtKmkv saKm-b⁄w

2011 kw`-h-_-lp-e-am-bn-cp-∂p. temtKmkv Iznkv henb IpXn-®p-Nm´w\S-Ønb h¿jw. A©p-e-£Øn ap∏-Øn-c-≠m-bn-c-Øn-tesdt∏¿ cPn-ÿ sNbvXtemI-Ønse G‰hpw henb Iznkn\v Hm - -sse≥ cPn-kvtS-j≥ kuIcyw G¿s∏-Sp-Øm≥ \ap°p Ign-™p. kvXpXy¿l-amw-hn[w CXp \n¿h-ln® _ukv sSIvt\m-f-Pokv amt\-Pnßv Ub-d-IvS¿ io. tPmk^v ]¥-πm-°en\pw Iq´¿°pw Ah-tcmSp kl-I-cn® ss__nƒ At∏m-kvX-te‰p Ub-d-IvS¿am¿°pw temtKmkv B\n-ta-‰¿am¿°pw ]tXyIw A`n-\-µ-\-߃! Cu h¿jw C°m-cy-Øn¬ Gh-cn¬\n∂pw100% kl-I-cWw ]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.

temtKm-kns‚ Ncn-X-Øn¬ BZy-ambn ss^\¬du≠v sSen-kw-t]-jWwsNøm\pw C°-gn-™-h¿j-Øn¬ \ap°p km[n-®p. CXn-\mbn ITn-\m-[zm\w sNbvXapcn-ßq¿ Unssh≥ [ym\-tI-µ-Øns‚ Nm\-emb KpUv\v T.V.bpsS Ub-d-IvS¿t_m¿Un-t\mSpw Soaw-K-ß-tfm-Sp-ap≈ IrX-⁄X tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. sks‰m-cp-°nbkn\na B¿´v Ub-d-IvS¿ io. tPmk^v s\√n-°-en\p ]tXyIw \µn. IznkvamÃ-dm-bn-cp∂ dh.- tUm. tP°_v \mep-]-d-bn¬ MCBS, Ah-Xm-c-I-bm-bn-cp∂ioaXn Pnj s\√n-°¬, kmt¶-Xn-I-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ klm-bn® dh. m. tPmfn hS°≥, dh. m. tbip-Zmkv sImSn-ho- n¬, io. sdPn≥ tPmk^v F∂n-h¿°v \µn]d-bp-hm≥ hm°p-Iƒ t]mcm. temtKmkv Iznkv 2011s‚ ss^\¬du≠v ss__nƒ skmssk-‰n-bpsS sh_vssk-‰n¬ Zriy-am-Wv.

2012-˛Dw temtKm-kn\p ]pXp-a-I-fpsS h¿j-am-Wv. Kpcp-ÿm-\o-b-cmbapXn¿∂ ]uc-∑m-sc- B-Z-cn-°m\pw t]m’m-ln-∏n-°m-\p-ambn Ah¿°mbn Hcp]pXnb ]mb-hn-`mKw (F) \mw cq]o-I-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. temtKmkv ]Xn-`bv°v, \ne-hn-ep≈ kΩm-\-ß-tfm-sSm∏w hnip-≤-\m- n-te°v Hcp kuP-\y-bm-Xbpw ss__nƒskmssk‰n Xc-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv.

a’-c-∏-co-£bv°v BsI 103 tNmZy-ß-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. Ah-bn¬ BZysØ100 tNmZy-߃ icn-bmb DØ-c-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°p∂ A£cß-fpsS tImf-߃Idp-∏n-°m-\p-≈-Xm-Wv. ]mT- m-K-ß-fn¬\n∂v 95 tNmZy-ßfpw eLp-]-T-\-°p-dn-∏p-I-fn¬\n∂v 5 tNmZy-ßfpw ]co-£bv°v D≠m-bn-cn-°pw. Ah-km-\sØ aq∂p tNmZy-߃°v Npcp-ßnb hm°p-I-fn¬ DØ-c-sa-gp-X-Ww.

temtKmkv 2012˛\p≈ eLp-]-T\w Xøm-dm-°n-bXv dh. tUm. sXtckSABS BWv. knÃ-dn\p ]tXyIw \µn. Cu h¿jsØ cq]-Xm-Xe a’-c-∏-co£ 2012 sk]vXw-_¿ 30˛mw XobXn Rmb-dm-gvN-bm-bn-cn-°pw. cq]-Xm-Xe hnP-bn-Iƒ°mbn 2012 \hw_¿ 24-˛mw XobXn AJne tIcf a’-c-∏-co£ ]n.-H.-kn.-bn¬h®v \S-Ø-s∏-Spw. Ign-™-h¿jsØ kwÿm-\-X-ehnPbn-I-fpsS t^mt´mbpwcq]-Xm-X-e-hn-P-bn-I-fpsS t]cp-hn-h-c-ßfpw Cu eLp-]-T-\-Øn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Ah¿s°-√m-h¿°pw ]tXyI A\p-tam-Z-\-߃!

kvt\lm-Z-c-ß-tfm-sS,dh. tUm. tPmjn aøm-‰n¬

skI-´-dn, sI.-kn.-_n.kn ss__nƒ IΩo-j≥ & sI.-kn.-_n.-F-kv.

]pd-∏mSv 25˛40

1. BapJwIgn™ c≠p h¿j-ß-fnembn temtKmkv Iznkn\v ]Tn®psIm≠ncp∂

]pd∏mSp]pkvXIØnse Ahkm\sØ ]Xn-\md[ym-b-ß-fmWv (25˛40) Cuh¿jsØ ]T\Øn\mbn \n¿t±in®ncn°p∂Xv. Ckm-tbens\ Hcp P\X-bm°ncq]-s∏-Sp-Ønb ]pd-∏m-Sp-kw`hØn\p-w (1-˛15 A[ym-b-߃), Ah-cpsS [m¿ΩnI˛B[ym-fln-I- Pohn-X-ssi-enbpsS X\n-asb hy‡hpw hyXn-cn-‡-hpam°nb ]Øp-I-ev]-\-Iƒ, ko\mbv DS-º-Sn F∂nhbv°pw (16- 24), tijap≈ Cu mKw Ckm-tb¬P\-Øns‚ ssZhm-cm-[-\-bpsS kz`mhhpw ]mcºcyhpw shfns∏SpØp∂p.2. LS\

tami \mev]-Xp-cmhpw \mev]-Xp-]-Iepw ae-ap-I-fn-em-bn-cp∂p F∂p ]d-™p-sIm-≠mWv 24-˛mw A[ymbw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xv. XpS¿∂phcp∂ ]Xn\mdvA[ymbßfn¬, ssZhw ae-ap-I-fn¬h®v tamibv°v hnip≤IqSm-c-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn\pwa‰pap≈ Acp-f-∏m-Sp-Ifpw DSºSn∏XnIbpw \evIp∂Xpw AX\pkcn®v F√mw\nhrØnbm°n hnip≤ IqSmcw ]XnjvTn°p∂Xphscbp≈ ImcyßfmWv hnhcn®ncn°p∂Xv. \n¿t±i˛\n¿∆lWßfpsS hnhcW߃°nSbn¬ P\Øns‚DSºSn ewL\Øns‚bpw AXn\p≈ in£, DSºSn\hoIcWw F∂nhbpsSbpwhnhcWw ImWmw. C]Imcw, AhXcn∏n®ncn°p∂ ]tabßfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ Cu ]Xn\md[ymbßsf aq∂mbn hn`Pn°p∂Xv efnXhpw ]T\kuIcyw\evIp∂XpamWv.

A[ym 25˛31 : hnip≤IqSmchpw a‰pw \n¿Ωn°p∂Xn\p≈ \n¿t±i߃A[ym 32˛34 : P\Øns‚ AhnizkvXX, in£, ]cnlmcwA[ym 35˛40 : hnip≤IqSmcØns‚bpw a‰pw \n¿ΩmWhpw ]XnjvTbpw

BZy Gg[ym-b-ß-fn¬ (25-˛31) ssZhØns‚ \n¿t±ißfpw Ah-km-\sØ Bdv A[ym-b-ß-fn¬ AXns‚ \n¿∆lWhpamWv (35- 40) ImWpI. AXpsIm≠pXs∂, Cu c≠p mKßfnepw Htc Imcy߃ Bh¿Øn®n´p≠v. C°mcWØm¬, Bh¿Ø\w Hgnhm°p∂Xn\mbn \n¿t±i˛\n¿∆lW߃ Hcpan®psImSpØpsIm≠p≈ hniZoIcWamWv \mw kzoIcn®ncn°p∂Xv. ]n.-H.-kn. ss__n-fn¬, Hmtcm \n¿t±-i-hpw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂Xns‚ io¿jItØmsSm∏wAXns‚ \n¿∆-l-W-w hnhcn°p∂ mKw _m°-‰n¬ kqNn∏n®n´p≈Xp t\m°nc≠pë`mKßfpw H∏w ]Tn®pt]mIp∂Xv ]tbmP\Icambncn°pw. tami ssZhtØmSpIqSn ko\mbvaebnembncp∂ \mev]XpZnhkØn\nSbn¬Øs∂ I¿Ømhns\bpw I¿Ømhns‚ DSºSnsbbpw ad∂ P\Øns‚ AhnizkvXXbpw XpS¿kw`hßfpw 32˛34 A[ymbßfn¬ hnhcn°p∂Xv ]tXyI bqWn‰mbn ImWmw.

ssZhw \n¿t±in®X\pkcn®v Ckmtb¬P\w \n¿∆ln®hsb aq∂phn`mKßfmbn Xncn°mhp∂XmWv: 1. Hcp°w 2. hnip≤IqSmchpw AXnse D]IcWßfpw 3. ]utcmlnXyipiqjbv°p≈h.3. Hcp-°-߃ (25:1˛9; 35:4˛29)

ssZhw Ckmtben\p \evInb ]Øp hN\ßfpsS ^eIw Dƒs°m≈p∂ hmKvZm\t]SIØn\p apIfnep≈ Ir]mk\Ønt∑emWv hnip≤IqSm

32

cØn¬ ssZhØns‚ km∂n[yw. Cu hmKvZm\t]SIw ÿm]n°p∂Xn\p th≠nhnip≤IqSmchpw AhnsS ssZhsØ ipiqjn°p∂Xn\v ]utcmlnXyhpw ssZhwBhiys∏Sp∂p. ]utcmlnXyipiqjbv°pw ssZhP\Øns‚ Bcm[\bv°pwth≠ Iaßfpw ssZhw Xs∂ \n¿t±in°p∂p≠v. ssZhw hkn°p∂ kz¿§obmebØns‚ amXrIbmWv hnip≤IqSmcØnt‚sX∂v Ckmtb¬ hnizkn®p.

IqSmc\n¿ΩmWhpw a‰pw \n¿∆ln°p∂Xn\v BZyta th≠Xv Hcp°amWv, AXmbXv AsXßs\ \n¿∆ln°Wsa∂p≈ \n¿t±ihpw, AXn\p≈kmaKnIfpw, AXn\pth≠ hnZKv[cmb tPmen°mcpamWv. tZhmeb\n¿ΩnXn°pth≠ amXrIbpw \n¿t±ißfpw \evIp∂Xn\papºv AXn\p≈ Hcp°sØ°pdn®pXs∂ ssZhw \n¿t±iw \evIp∂p≠v. ssZhØn\mbn ImWn° \evIp∂hy‡nbpsS B¥cnIXsb shfns∏SpØp∂ aq∂p Imcy߃ ssZhØns‚ \n¿t±iØnepw AhcpsS ka¿∏WØnepw \n∂p hy‡amWv. H∂v, Ah¿ ImWn°ka¿∏n°p∂Xv \n¿_‘w sIm≠√, kza\msebmWv (25:2; 35:5, 21, 29).c≠v, Ah¿ ssZhØn\p \evIp∂sXms° AhcpsS ]°ep≈ hne]nSn®Xpwat\mlchpambXmWv (35:22-˛28). aq∂v, ssZhIr]bmWv X\n°p≈h ka¿∏n°p∂Xn\v Hcphs\ t]cn∏n°pI (35:21, 29). hnip≤IqSmcØns‚ \n¿ΩmWsØ°pdn®p ]dbp∂nSØv C]Imcw KŸImc≥ tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v: “F√m ]`mXØnepw P\߃ kzta[bm ImgvNIƒ sIm≠ph∂ncp∂p. F√m ]WnIƒ°pwBhiyambXn¬°hn™ hkvXp°ƒ Ah¿°p e`n®ncp∂p’’ (36:3-˛7). Xs‚P\tØmsSmØp hkn°p∂Xn\p≈ Bebw ssZhw Hcp°p∂Xv A¤pXw ]h¿Øn®psIm≠√, Xs‚ P\Øns‚ kl-I-c-Whpw A[zm-\- -ehpw kzoIcn®psIm≠msW∂Xv ]tXyIw \ΩpsS [ym\hnjbamtI≠XmWv. ssZhw \n¿t±in®ha\p-jy-_p-≤n°v A]m-]y-am-btXm a\p-jy-I-c-߃°v AXo-X-am-btXm A√F∂Xpw it≤bamWv.

ssZh-Øns‚ Acp-f-∏m-Sp-i-hn® P\w ImWn°bmbn sIm≠p-h-∂ km[\߃ GgpXcØnep≈XmWv: cXv\w, temlw, \q¬, tXm¬, XSn, kpK‘Zhy߃, FÆ. IqSmcØn\mhiyambhbpsS \n¿ΩnXn°v inev]nIfmbn _kmteens\bpw Htlmenbm_ns\bpw I¿Ømhv sXcs™SpØv Ah¿°v Adnhpw sshZKv≤yhpw \evIn A\pKln®p. acp`q-an-bn¬ Xma-kn-°p∂ P\-Øn\v CX-tbsdhkvXp-°ƒ ssIh-i-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂Xpw IcIuietheIfn¬ Ah ¿°v\√ ]mhoWyap≠mbncp∂psh∂Xpw hnkva-b\obam-Wv. CuPn]vXn¬\n∂p t]m∂t∏mƒ, Ah¿ CuPn]vXpImcn¬\n∂p s]m∂pw sh≈nbpw hkvXßfpw tNmZn®ptaSn®p F∂pw Aßs\ Ckmtb¬°m¿ Ahsc sIm≈bSn®psh∂pw \mwhmbn°p∂p≠v (]pd 12:35- 36). CuPn]vXn¬ ASnaIfmbncp∂t∏mƒ hnhn[ XcwsXmgnepIfn¬ Ah¿ sshZKv[yhpw t\Snbncp∂ncn°Ww. F¥mbmepw ]pcmX\]mekvXo\mbn¬ D≠mbncp∂h¿ kz¿W∏Wnbn¬ hnZKv[cmbncp∂p sh∂v]pcmhkvXpKthjW߃ sXfnbn°p∂p≠v.4. hnip≤IqSmchpw AXnse km[\ßfpw

hnip≤IqSmcw, km£yt]SIw, Xncpkm∂n[yA∏Øns‚ tai, hnf°pIm¬, _en]oTw, [q]]oTw, _en]oTw, IqSmcm¶Ww F∂nßs\ hnip≤IqSmchpw AtXmS\p_‘n®p≈Xpamb \n¿ΩnXnIƒ GsgÆambncp∂p. hnip-≤-Iq-Sm-c-Ønse G‰hpw ][m-\-s∏´h BZyw F∂ coXn-bn¬ BWv \n¿t±iw \evIp-∂-sX-¶nepw hnip-≤-Iq-Sm-c-\n¿Ωn-Xn°p (36:1- 38) tij-amWv Ah-bp-sSsb√mw \n¿ΩmWw \S-°p-I.

4 5

4.1. km£y-t]-S-I-\n¿ΩnXn: \n¿t±-i-hpw (25:10-˛22) \n¿∆-l-Whpw (37:1˛9)km£y-t]-S-IØn\v hmKvZm\t]SIsa∂pw DSºSnbpsS t]SIsa∂pw

I¿Ømhns‚ t]SIsa∂pw t]cpIfp≠v. \ofw c≠-c-ap-ghpw Db-chpw hoXnbpwH∂-c-ap-gw hoXhpap≈ Cu t]SIw Icp-th-eacw (A-t°-jy)sIm≠v \n¿Ωn-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂p.AXn\papIfn¬, c≠-‰ØpwsIcq-_p-I-fp≈ Ir]m-k-\wIqSnHcp°n °gnbptºmƒ ssZhkm∂n[yØn\p≈ km£yt]SI\n¿ ΩnX ]q¿Øn bmIpw.ssZhkm∂n[ytØmSp _‘s∏´sXms° ip≤ kz¿Ww sIm≠p≈Xmbncn°Wsa∂v \n¿t±in®ncp∂p. ]m¿iz-h-f-b-ßfn¬X≠p-Ifn´v hln-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Im≥ Ignbpw hn[ambn-cp∂pCXns‚ cq]-I-ev]-\. t]S-I-w DS-º-Sn-∏-XnI \nt£-]n°p∂Xn-\p-th-≠n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬AXn-\papIfnse Ir]m-k\Øn\pta¬ sIcq-_p-Iƒ°n-S-bn-em-bn-cp∂p ssZh-km-∂n-[yw. tamibv°v ssZhw ]d-™p-sIm-SpØ

Af-hnepw coXn-bnepw t]S-I-w, Ir]m-k-\w, sIcq-_p-Iƒ F∂n hsb _km-te¬ \n¿Ωn-®-p (37:1˛9).

lo_p`mjbn¬ hmKvZm\t]SIsØ Btdm≥ ls∫doXv F∂pw Ir]mk\sØ It∏msdXv F∂pamWv hnfn°p∂Xv. Ckmtben\p acp`qanbn¬ hniaÿew At\zjn®pw bp≤Øn¬ ssk\yØn\papºnepw hmKvZm\t]SIw t]mbncp∂p F∂v kwJybpsS ]pkvXIØn¬ ImWp∂p≠v. sIcq-_p-I-sf-°p-dn®vAt\-I-]m-hiyw ss__nƒ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂ps≠¶nepw (DZm. ]-dp-Zo-k-bpsS Imh¬°m¿, DXv] 3:24; I¿Øm-hns‚ hml\w, 2 kmap 22:11; Fsk°n 10:12˛22)AXns‚ cq]-sØ-°p-dn®v hy‡-X-bn-√. Ahbv°v Nnd-Ip≠v F∂Xpw Ah-bpsS]cm-a¿iw ssZhn-I-Z¿i-\-tØmSv _‘-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm-sW-∂Xpw hy‡-amWv.

4.2 Xncp-km-∂n[yA∏-Øns‚ tai: \n¿t±-i-w (25:23˛30), \n¿∆-l-Ww (37:10-˛16)

hnip-≤-Iq-Sm-c-Øn\p-≈n¬ k÷-am-t°≠hbn¬ c≠m-a-tØXv Xncp-km-∂n[yA∏-Øns‚ tai Bbn-cp∂p. Icp-th-eacwsIm≠p \n¿Ωn®v kz¿ÆwsIm≠vs]mXn-™ CXpw Npa-∂p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn\v km[y-am-b-hn-[-Øn¬ hf-b-ßfpwAXn-\p≈ X≠p-Ifpw D≈Xmbncp∂p. IqSmcØns‚ heXphiØmbncp∂p CXns‚ ÿm\w (26:35; 40:22). Xncp-km-∂n-[y-Øns‚ A∏w Fs‚íapºmsI tai-∏p-d-Øp-h-®n-cn-°Ww F∂m-bn-cp∂p tami-tbmSv ssZhw Acp-fn-s®-bvX-Xv (25:30). tehy¿

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24:5˛9˛¬ \ev Inbncn°p∂ hniZmwiß f\pkcn®v 12A∏߃ (BdphoXw c≠p \ncbmbn) km_ ØptXmdpw Cu s]m≥taibn¬ Ias∏SpØn hbv°Ww. Xncpkm∂n[ y A ∏ Ø n s ‚tai \n¿Ωn°p∂Xn\p≈ \n¿t± itØmsSm∏w Xm e-ßfpw Xfn-I-IfpwIe-i-ßfpw ]m\o-b-_-en-°p≈ Nj-I-ßfpw D≠m-°p-hm\p≈ Iev]\

bpw ssZhw sIm SpØp. Ch-sb√mw \n¿t±-in-®-Xp-t]mse ]q¿Øn-bm-°n-b-Xmbn37:10- 16 ¬ hnh-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p. Xncp-km-∂n-[y-Øns‚ A∏w ]Xn-jvTm-k-a-b-ØmWv

tai-∏p-dØv k÷o-I-cn-®-Xv (40:23).4.3 hnf-°p-Im¬ : \n¿t±-i-hpw (25:31-˛40; 27:20-˛21) \n¿∆-l-Whpw (37:17-˛24)

hnip-≤-Iq-Sm-c-Øn¬ aq∂m-a-Xmbn k÷o-I-cn-°m≥ \n¿t±-in-®Xv hnf-°p-Im-em-Wv. aq∂p-hoXw c≠p hi-ß-fn-embn Bdpw a[y-Øn¬ H∂pw hc-Ø-°-hn[w Ggp hnf-°p-Iƒ k÷o-I-cn-°m-hp∂ hn[-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p CXns‚ \n¿Ωm-Ww. Xncpkm ∂n[yA∏Øns‚ taibvs° Xn¿hiØv AXmbXv IqSmc Øns‚sX°p hiØmbncp∂p CXn s‚ ÿm\w (26:35). CXv lo_p-hn¬ sat\md(Menorah) F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. Xncn-b-W-bv°m-\p≈ IXn-I-Ifpw X -ßfpw Dƒs∏sSF√mw X\n-kz¿Ww sIm≠p \n¿Ωn-°-W-am-bn-cp-∂p. hnf°v Ft∏mgpw IØn-\n-ev°-W-sa∂pw AXn-\p≈ ip≤-amb HenshÆ Ckmtb ¬P\w sIm≠p-h-c-W-sa∂pw as‰m-cn-SØv \n¿t±-iap≠v (27:20˛21). Hcp Xme¥v kz¿W-Øn¬ (GI-tZiw 35 In. -Kmw) Ch ]WnbW-sa∂ \n¿t±-i-apƒs∏sS F√mw Ah¿A\pkcn®psh∂v 37- mw A[ymbØn¬ ]cma¿iap≠v.

4.4 hnip≤IqSmchpw A¶-Whpw: \n¿t±-i-hpw (26:1- 37; 27:9˛19) \n¿∆-l-Whpw(36:8˛38; 38:9˛20)

km£yt]-S-Iw,Xncp-km-∂n-[y-b-∏-Øns‚ tai, hnf-°p-Im¬ F∂n-h-bv°p-ti-j-amWvI¿Ømhv hnip≤Iq-Sm-c-Øns‚\n¿ΩnXn -sb°p-dn®v tami-tbmSpkwkm-cn-°p-∂-Xv(26:1- 37). F∂m¬BZyw \n¿Ωn®Xmbn ]dbp∂Xv

8 9

hnip≤ IqSmcamWv (35:8 38). CXp-h-sc-bp-≈-hbv°v XSn, temlw F∂n-h-bm-bn-cp∂p \n¿ Ωm-W-km-a-Kn-I-sf-¶n¬ 45 ASn \of hpw 15 ASn hoXw hoXnbpw Db-c-hp-ap≈ IqSm-c-Øn\v Ah-tbm-sSm∏w hen-sbm-c-fhv NWhkvXhpw D]-tbm-Kn-t°-≠n-bn-cp-∂p. hln-®p-sIm-≠p t]mIm≥ kuIcyap≈ hn[Øn¬ IqSmcw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ \n¿t±-i-amWv ssZhw \evIp-∂-Xv. hnip≤IqSmc Øn\p ≈n¬AXn hnip≤ ÿew (iotImhn¬) th¿Xncn®v km£yt]SIw AhnsSkq£n°W ambncp∂p (26:33). IqSmc Øn\p ]pdsa A¶WhpwIqSn ]Wnbm\p≈\n¿t±iw XpS¿∂p ImWp∂p≠v (27:9˛19). hnip≤IqSmchpw AXnse kmaKnIfpw\n¿Ωn®tijw IqSmcm¶Ww \n¿Ωn®v “ssZhØns‚ IqSmc’’Øns‚ ]Wn]q¿Ønbm°n. D]tbmKkm[\ßfpsS ta∑bpw `wKnbpw, iotImhn¬,hnip≤ÿew, IqSmcm¶Ww F∂nhbv°p hyXykvXX \evInsb∂p amXa√,AhbpsS ]m[m\yØns‚ AfhptImembn h¿Øn°pIbpw sNbvXp.

4.5 [q]]oTw, [q]m¿∏WØn\p≈ kpK‘Zhyw (]pd 30:1˛21; 34- 38; 37:25˛28)

IqSmcØnseAhkm\sØ D]IcWambn´mWv [q]]oTwhcp∂Xv. \n¿t±iwsImSp°p∂ `mKØv]ptcmlnX ipiqjsb°pdn®p ]dbp∂Xn\nSbn¬ A\pZn\_enIƒ°p tijamWv CXns\°pdn®p ≈\n¿t±iw ImWp∂Xv(30:1˛ 21). F∂m¬ \n¿∆lWsØ°pdn®p]dbp∂ mKØv IqSmcØnse \n¿ΩmW]hrØntfmsSm∏amWvCXns‚ \n¿ΩnXn. (37:25˛28). CXpw Icpth

eØSn sIm≠p≠m°n AI hpw ]pdhpw kz¿WwsIm≠v s]mXn™p.A`ntjIssXew D≠m°m≥ \n¿t±in®tijamWv [q]m¿∏WØn\p≈

kpK‘ZhysØ°pdn®v ]dbp∂Xv (30:34-˛38). tZhZmcpssXew, \dpºi, Kp¬Kpep, Ip¥pcp°w F∂nh kaambn FSpØv D∏pw tN¿Øv D≠m°m≥ Bhiys∏Sp∂ Cu kpK‘ZhyØns‚ Hcpë mKw t\¿Ωbmbn s]mSn®v km£yt]SIØn\p apºn¬ hbv°m\mhiys∏Sp∂p≠v. a‰mhiy߃°pth≠n CXpt]msemcp tNcph D≠m°p∂h≥ P\Øn¬\n∂p hnt—Zn°s∏SWsa∂ Iev]\bneqsS ssZhmcm[\bpsS tijvTXbpw ]mh\XbpamWv t_m[ys∏SpØpI.

4.6 _en-]oTw: \n¿t±-i-hpw A\p-h¿Ø-\hpw (27:1-˛8; 38:1˛7)

km£yt]SIw,X n c p k m ∂ n [ yA∏Øns‚ tai,[q]]oTw F∂nhbv°p]tbmKn ®Xpt]mse CXns‚ \n¿ΩnXnbnepw IcptheØSnD]tbmK n°Wsa∂p \n¿t±in°p∂p≠v. kaNXpcØn¬ A©papgw hoXw hoXnbpw \ofhpw, aq∂p

10 11

apgw Dbchpap≈ CXpw hln ®psIm≠p t]mIØ° coXnbnemWv ]Wntb≠Xv._en]oTw F∂Xv (27 :1) Zl\ _en]oTamsW∂v AXns‚ \n¿t±iØn¬\n∂pa\nem°mhp∂XmWv (27:3,4). Cu _en]oTØnse \mep aqeIfnep≈ sImºpIƒ s]mXnbm \pw AXnte°mhiyamb D]IcW ßfpw (Nmc∏mX ߃,tImcnIIƒ, Xme ߃, apƒ°c≠n Iƒ, A·nIei ߃ XpSßnbh)\n¿Ωn°m\pw HmSv D]tbm Kn°m\mWv \n¿t±iw. IqSmsX _en]oTØnse ipiqjbv°papºv A ltdm\pw ]p X∑m ¿°pw ssIImep Iƒ IgpIm\p≈£mf\]mXhpw AXns‚ ]oThpw Hm SpsIm≠p \n¿Ωn °m\mhiys∏Sp ∂p≠v.

5. hnip≤IqSmcØnse ipiqj

hnip≤IqSmcw \n¿Ωn°p∂Xns\°pdn®p≈ \n¿t±i߃°ptijamWvIqSmcØnse ipiqjsb°pdn®p≈ \n¿t±i߃. AXpt]mse IqSmcØns‚bpwa‰pw \n¿ΩnXn°ptijamWv ipiqjbv°mhiyambh Hcp°p∂Xpw. ipiqjbv°mbn ]ptcmlnXsc A`ntjIw sNbvXp \ntbmKn°p∂Xns\°pdn®p≈ \n¿t±ißfmWv BZyw Im Wp∂Xv. Altdm≥, Ahs‚ ]pX ∑mcmb \mZm_v,A_olp, Fsebmk¿, CØm a¿ F∂nhscbmWv ]p tcmlnXcmbn A`n tjIwsNtø ≠Xv.5.1 ]ptcm-ln-X-h-kvX-߃: \n¿t±-i-hpw A\p-h¿Ø-\hpw (28:1 -43; 39:1 -31)

Altdm\pth≠ hkvX߃ Xømdm°m\p≈ \n¿t± i߃°ptijamWv At±lØns‚ ]pX∑m¿°p≈h \n¿t±in°p∂Xv. X\n°p ]ptcmlnXipiqj sNøm≥ th≠nbmWv Cu hn ip≤hkvXßsf ∂v A\pkvacn∏n °p∂(28:4) ssZhw, Al tdm\pw ]pX∑m¿°pw alnabpw AgIpw \evtI≠Xn \mWvCu hnip≤ hkvX߃ F∂p IqSn hy‡am°p ∂Xv \n¿t±i˛ \n¿hlW`mKßfn¬ ]tXyIw ImWp∂p≠v (28:2, 40). hnip≤ hkvXßsf√mwAXohi≤tbmsSbpw at\mlmcnXtbmsSbpw \n¿Ωnt°≠XmsW∂v\n¿t±ißfn¬\n ∂p hy‡amWv.

][m\]ptcmlnX\mbncp∂ Altdm\pth≠nbp≈ hnip≤hkvX߃Ft^mZv, DckvXmWw, \neb¶n, Xe∏mhv, NnXØøep≈ A¶n, Ac∏´ F∂nhbmWv. BZyambn Ft^mZv hnZKv[ambn \n¿Ωn®v AXns‚ c≠p tXmƒhmdpIfnepw kz¿WØn¬ ]Xn®Xpw BdphoXw Ckmtbense tKmXßfpsS t]¿sImØnbXpamb c≠p sshUqcy°√pIƒ kvamcIineIfmbn Dd∏n°Ww.]n∂oSv \ymbhn[nbpsS DckvXmWØn¬ aq∂phoXw \mep\nc cXv\߃ Hmtcm∂nepw Ckmtbens‚ ]pX∑mcpsS Hmtcm t]cpIƒ sImØnbh ˛]Xn°Wsa∂pw Ft^mZpambn AXns\ _‘n∏n°Wsa∂pw \n¿t±in®ncp∂p.hniZo IcWØn ¬ \n∂pw Dc kvXmWw Hcp k©n bmsW ∂\pam \n°mw.AXn ep≈ Ddow, XpΩow F∂nh “AsX’’, “A√’’ Fs∂gpXnb c≠p ]hng°√pI fmWv F∂p IcpX s∏ Sp∂p. \oe\ndapff \ne b¶nbn¬kz¿WaWnIƒ_‘n°p∂Xv Altdm≥ hnip≤ÿeØv ]thin°ptºmgpw ]pdØp hcptºmgpw Ah Inepßn i_vZw tIƒt°≠Xn\mWv. Xe∏mhns‚ ap≥hiØv“I¿Ømhn\p ka¿∏nX≥’’ F∂p sImØnb kz¿W ØInSv ]Xn°Ww.CXp IqSmsX NnXØp∂em¬ Ae¶cn® A¶nbpw Ac∏´bpw Altdm\v\n¿t±in®ncp∂p. \o≠ A¶n [cn®v Ac∏´sIm≠v _‘n®v AXn\papIfn¬\neb¶n C´tijw aosX Ft^mZpw, AXnepd∏n® Ddow, XpΩow \nt£]n®

DckvXmWhpw [cn°ptºmƒ Altdms‚]ptcmlnXthjw ]q¿ØnbmIpw. Altdms‚ ]pX∑m¿ °mIs´,A¶nIfpw Ac∏´Ifpw sXm∏nIfpw amXta \n¿t±in®p ≈q.CXp IqSmsX Altdm\pw ]pX∑mcpw [cnt°≠ Im¬®´sb°pdn®p≈ \n¿t±i߃IqSn ImWmw.Hmtcm hnip≤h kvXØn\pw AXp [cn°m\p≈ Iev]\ amXa√, AXp]tbm Kn°Wsa∂v A\pimkn°p∂Xn \p≈ ImcWhpw IqSn hniZo Icn°p∂Xv A‘ambA\pkcWsØ °mƒ hnthN\tØm SpIqSnb A\pkcWw ssZhw CjvSs∏Sp∂pF∂p shfnhm°p∂p.

CXns‚ \n¿∆lWamWv Ahkm\ambn hcnI. AXn

\ptijw hnip≤ IqSmchpw AXnse D]IcWßfpw AhnsS ipiqjbv°p]tbmKnt°≠ hkvX ßfpw F√mw tami ]cntim[n°pIbpw I¿ØmhpI¬∏n®Xpt]mse Xs∂ Ah¿ ]h¿Øn®Xn\m¬ tami Ahsc

A\pKln°pIbpw sNbvXp.

5.2 A`n-tj-I-Iaw, A`ntjIssXew: \n¿t±i߃ (29:1˛37; 30:22˛33)A`ntjIIasØ kw_‘n°p∂ Imcy߃ ssZhw tamibv°p ]d

™psImSpØXmbn hnhcn°p∂Xv 29˛mw A[ymbØnemWv. ]ptcmlnXcpsSA`ntjIIaw \StØ≠Xv _enb¿∏WtØmSpIqSnbmWv. AXpsIm≠v A`ntjIIasØ°pdn®p≈ `mKw ap∏tØgphmIyßfnep≈ Hcp \o≠ hnhcWamWv. Hcp Imf°p´n, Du\a‰ c≠p ap´mSpIƒ, tKmXºpsIm≠p≠m°nb]pfn∏n√mØ A∏w, FÆtN¿Øv abwhcpØnb ]pfn∏n√mØ A∏w, FÆ]pc´nb ]pfn∏n√mØ A∏w F∂nhbmWv _enhkvXp°ƒ. AhcpsS A`ntjII¿Ωw GgpZnhkw \o≠p \nev°p∂Xpt]mse Xs∂ _en]oTØnt∑¬ Ggp

12 13

Znhkhpw ]cnlmc_en \SØn _en]oTw hnip≤oIcn°Ww. A`ntjIssXewD≠m°p∂Xn\p≈ \n¿t±iw 30:22˛33˛¬ ImWmw. CXpw [q]m¿∏WØn\p≈hnip≤amb kpK‘Zhywt]mse a‰mcpw D≠m°pItbm a‰pImcy߃°v D]tbmKn°pItbm sNøcpsX∂p Iev]n°p∂p≠v.

5.3 A\p-Zn-\-_-en-Iƒ (29:38˛46)

A`ntjIIasØ°pdn®p≈ \n¿t±i߃°ptijw A\pZn\_ensb°pdn®p≈ \n¿t±i߃ AXns‚ A\p_‘sat∂mWw 28˛ma[ymbØns‚ Ahkm\`mKØp sImSpØncn°pIbmWv. A\pZn\w ]`mXØnepw kmbm”ØnepwZl\_enbmbn Hcphbp≈ Hcm´n≥Ip´nbpw AtXmsSm∏w [m\y_enbpw]m\ob_enbpw A¿∏n°Wsa∂mWp \n¿t±iw. _enbpsS ]m[m\ysØ A\pkvacn∏n®psIm≠v _enbpsS kabØv ssZhw Ckmtb¬P\sØ kµ¿in°psa∂pw AhnSw Xs‚ alØzØm¬ hnip≤oIcn°psa∂pw Ckmtb¬P\Øns‚ at[y hkn°psa∂pw AhcpsS ssZhambncn°psa∂pw ssZhw Acpƒs®øp∂p≠v.

6. km_ØmNcWwkm_ØmNcWsØ°pdn®v A\pkvacn∏n®psIm≠mWv hnip≤IqSm

csØ°pdn®pw AXnse ipiqjsb°pdn®pap≈ \n¿t±i߃ Ahkm\n°p∂Xv. km_Øns\°pdn®v “CXp F\n°pw \n߃°pw at[y XeapdtXmdpwASbmfambncn°psa∂pw” (31:13, 17) imizXamb HcpSºSnbmbn BNcn°Wsa∂pw (31:15) Bh¿Øn°p∂Xv Ckmtb¬P\Øn\v km_Øp\nbaw FX][m\s∏´XmsW∂p t_m[ys∏SpØp∂XmWv. AXpt]mseXs∂ ssZhØns‚\n¿t±i߃ \nh¿Øn°p∂Xn\papºv tami ho≠pw km_ØmNcWsØ°pdn®vI¿i\amb \n¿t±iw \evIp∂p≠v (35:1-3). CXn\nSbn¬, P\kwJysbSp°p∂Xns\°pdn®p≈ \nbaßfpw aebn¬h®v ssZhw \evIp∂Xv 30:11˛16˛¬ \mw hmbn°p∂p. bp≤w sNøm≥ Ignhp≈, ]mb]q¿Ønbmb ]pcpj∑mcpsS IWs°Sp∏ns\°pdn®mWnhnsS hnh£. ]pcpj∑m¿ tamN\Zhyw (“tIms^¿’’) sImSp°Wsa∂ Cu \nbaamWv ]nev°meØv Ah¿ tZhmebkwc£W Øn\pth≠nsImSpt°≠ \nIpXnbmbn ]cnWan®Xv (aØm 17:24).7. IqSmc]XnjvT

40˛mw A[ymbw apgph\pw IqSmc]XnjvTsb°pdn®p≈ \n¿t±ißsf°pdn®pw AXns‚ \n¿hlWsØ°pdn®pap≈XmWv. ChnsS aq∂p mK߃hy‡amWv. BZy`mKw (hm 1˛15) IqSmc]XnjvTbv°p≈ A¥na \n¿t±ißfmWv. kamKaIqSmcw ÿm]nt°≠sXßs\sb∂pw AXpw AXnse hkvXp°fpw A`ntjIwsNbvXp hnip≤oIcnt°≠sXßs\sb∂pw XpS¿∂v ]ptcmlnX∑msc A`ntjIw sNtø≠sXßs\sb∂pw ssZhw ]tXyIambn \evIp∂Cu \n¿t±i߃ Bcm[\mebØns‚bpw Bcm[\bpsSbpw ]utcmlnXyØns‚bpw ]hnXXbpw ]m[m\yhpw FSpØpIm´p∂hbmW.v

c≠mwë mKØv (hm 16˛33) ssZhw ]d™X\pkcn®v tami IqSmcw ÿm]n°p∂Xpw AXnse D]IcWßsf√mw IaoIcn°p∂XpamWv hnhcn°pI.[q]]oTw, _en]oTw F∂nh ÿm]n®v, bYmIaw [q]m¿®\ \SØpIbpw _enIƒ A¿∏n°pIbpw sNbvXp. aq∂mwë`mKamIs´, (hm 34˛38), ]XnjvTbv°ptijw I¿Ømhns‚ alØzw IqSmcØn¬ \nd™p\n∂Xns\∏‰nbpw Ckmtbens‚ bmXbn¬ I¿Ømhns‚ alØzw Ah¿°v Fßs\ ASbmfambncp∂p

F∂Xns\∏‰nbpap≈ hnhcWamWv. ChnsS I¿Ømhns‚ alØzsØ taLtØmSv XmcXayw sNøp∂p≠v. taLkvXw`Øn¬\n∂v CuPn]vXns‚ ssk\ysØt\m°n Ahsc ]cn`m¥cm°nb ssZhw, ko\mbv aeapIfn¬ I\Ø taLØn¬]Xy£\mb ssZhw, kamKaIqSmcØn¬ \ndtaLambn Xs‚ alØz]q¿Wamb km∂n[ysØ \evIn F∂Xv ]pd∏mSpKŸsØ XpS¿∂p≈ KŸßfnepwImWmw. ]n∂oSv, AXv tkmfa≥ \n¿Ωn® Pdpktew tZhmebØnepw \nd™p\n∂Xmbn cmPm°∑mcpsS ]pkvXIhpw \sΩ A\pkvacn∏n°p∂p.8. DSºSn ewL\hpw \hoIcWhpw (32-˛34 A[ym-b-߃)

sN¶S¬ IS∂v acp`qanbneqsS bmXsNbvXv ko\mbv aebn¬ FØnbCkmtb¬ AhnsSh®v ssZhhpambn DSºSnbnte¿s∏s´¶nepw hfscthKwssZhsØbpw ssZhhpambn sNbvX DSºSnsbbpw ad°p∂Xns‚ hnhcWamWv32˛mw A[ymbØn¬ ImWpI. P\Øns‚ Xn∑tbmSv ]XnIcn°p∂ ssZhsØam\pjnI`mhßfn¬ NnXoIcn®ncn°p∂XpsIm≠v Cu mKw bmlvhnÃv ]mcºcyØn¬\n∂p≈XmWv F∂p IcpXmw.

tamibpsS t\XrXzsØtbm Im\m≥tZisØ e£yam°nbp≈ bmXsbtbm AwKoIcn°m≥ aSn°pIbpw Iem]ap≠m°m≥ ian°pIbpw sNbvXncp∂hsc ]pd∏mSp]pkvXIØns‚ XpS°w apX¬ \mw ImWp∂XmWv (DZm 2:14;14:10-˛12; 16:2-˛3). ChnsS, tamisb FXn¿ØpsIm≠v “Rßsf \bn°m≥ tZh∑msc D≠m°nØcpI” F∂p apdhnfn Iq´p∂ AhcpsS a¿°SapjvSnsb t\cnSm≥ IcpØn√mØ Altdm≥ kz¿WwsIm≠v Imf°p´nbpsS hnKlw \n¿Ωn®psImSp°pIbpw bmlvthbpsS _lpam\m¿∞w D’hw ]Jym]n°pIbpamWv.F∂m¬ P\w Imf°p´nsb I¿Ømhn\p ]Icam°n, “Ckmtbte, CXm CuPn]vXn¬ \n∂v \ns∂ sIm≠ph∂ tZh∑m¿” F∂p ]mSn. ssZhØn\¿∏nt°≠bmK߃ Ah¿ Imf°p´nbpsS apºn¬ ]WnX _en]oTØne¿∏n®p.

Cu kw`hsØ°pdn®v aeapIfnembncp∂ tamitbmSv ssZhw kwkmcn°p∂Xpw AhcpsSta¬ I¿Ømhns‚ tIm]w Pzen®t∏mƒ tami P\Øn\pth≠n am[yÿyw hln°p∂XpamWv XpS¿∂p ImWp∂Xv. “\n∂n¬\n∂v HcpP\Xsb Rm≥ ]pds∏Sphn°pw” (32:10) F∂p ]d™psIm≠v Ckmtb¬ P\Xbvs°Xncmbn \nesIm≠ ssZhØn\papºn¬, Zp»mTy°mcmb kz¥w P\Øn\pth≠n hmZn°p∂ tamibpsS kz`mhØns‚ tijvTX ]tXyIw i≤m¿lamWv.aebn¬\n∂ndßn P\Øns‚ ]°seØnb tami, ]t£ P\Øns‚ ]hrØnIƒs°Xntc tIm[w sNmcnbpIbmWv. Ah≥ Xs‚ ssIbnep≠mbncp∂ DSºSn∏XnI Fdn™pS®p; Imf°p´nsb FSpØp Xobnen´pNp´v, AXv CSn®ps]mSn®vsh≈Øn¬ Ie°n P\sØs°m≠p IpSn∏n®p; P\Øns‚ Zp»mTyØn\p hgßnb Altdms\ tNmZyw sNbvXp; kzbw e÷nXcmIØ°hn[w Agn™mSnbaqhmbnctØmfw t]sc, teho]pX∑msc hn´p \nKln®p. AXn\ptijw P\sØhnfn®pIq´n XßfpsS Xn∑bpsS Kuchw a\nem°ns°mSpØv ssZhØn\papºn¬ P\Øn\pth≠n ]m]w G‰p]d™p ]cnlmcw A\pjvTn®p.

ssZhhpw tamibpw XΩnep≈ kw`mjWamWv 33˛ma[ymbØnse ][m\hnhcWw. kXysØ AwKoIcn®p sIm≠v, P\tØmsSm∏w Xs∂bpw AtbmKy\mbn I≠psIm≠v, ssZhØns‚ IcpWbv°mbn bmNn°p∂ bYm¿∞ t\Xmhpwa[yÿ\pamWp tami. ssZhØns‚ alØzw ImWWsa∂t]£n°p∂ tamitbmSv ""\n\°v Fs‚ ]n≥`mKw ImWmw''îF∂p ssZhw ]dbp∂Xns\ aptº \S

14 15

∂psIm≠v Xs‚ P\sØ \bn°p∂ ssZhØns‚ alØmb ]hrØnIsf°pdn®p≈ Bgamb Adnhv F∂p a\nem°mw.

XI¿ØpIf™ DSºSn∏XnIbv°p ]Icw ]pXnbh sImSpt°≠Xn\vssZhw tamisb ho≠pw ko\mbvaebnte°p hnfn®p. aebn¬ Ibdnb tamibv°p≠mb i‡amb ssZhm\p`hsØ°pdn®pw DSºSn \hoIcWsØ°pdn®pamWv 34˛ma[ymbØn¬ ImWp∂Xv. tami XI¿Ø DSºSn∏XnI Ckmtb¬ssZhhpambn sNbvX BZyDSºSn XI¿∂psh∂Xns‚bpw ]pXnb DSºSn∏XnI,AhnSp∂v Xs‚ DSºSn ho≠pw \hoIcn®p F∂Xns‚bpw H∏w Ckmtbens‚\hoIcWØns‚bpw ]XoIambncp∂p.9. hnip≤IqSmcØns‚ NcnXw

ssZhØns‚ IqSmcsØ°pdn®v ]pd∏mSp]pkvXIØn¬ ImWp∂ hnhcWw ]ptcmlnX]mcºcyØn¬ \n∂p h∂n´p≈XmWv. 13˛mw \q‰m≠n¬ \S∂\n¿ΩnXnIsf°pdn®p≈ hnhcWw 5˛mw \q‰m≠nse ]ptcmlnX KŸImc∑mcn¬\n∂p enJnXcq]w ]q≠t∏mƒ AXv Pdpksew tZhmebØns‚ LS\tbmSvkmayw ]pe¿Øp∂hn[Ønembn F∂p ImWmw. F∂m¬ hln®psIm≠p \S°mhp∂ ]qPmkZ\߃ hfsc ]mNo\ImeØpXs∂ kndnbmbnepw a‰pw D≠mbncp∂Xmbn KthjW߃ sXfnbn°p∂p≠v. Ckmtb¬P\Xbpw acp`qanhmkImeØpXs∂ hln®psIm≠pt]mImhp∂ XcØn¬ hnip≤IqSmcw \n¿Ωn®psh∂v IcpXmw.

hnip≤IqSmcØn\v anjvIm≥ (hmkÿew) F∂pw Hmtl¬ tamFZv(kamKaIqSmcw) F∂pw c≠pt]cpIfmWv lo_phn¬ D≈Xv. IqSmsX CXns\kqNn∏n°phm≥ “hnip≤ÿew’’ (36:1), “I¿Ømhns‚ h\w’’ (23:19), “I¿Ømhns‚ IqSmcw’’ F∂nßs\ s]mXphmb t]cpIfpap≠v. acp`qanbnse bmXbn¬Cu IqSmcw hnhn[ ÿeßfn¬ ÿm]n®Xns\°pdn®v hnhcn°p∂p≠v. Im\m≥tZisØØnbtijw Kn¬Kmenepw (tPmjz 4:19) XpS¿∂v sjs°w (tPmjz 24),ankv]m, _tY¬ (\ymbm 20:1, 18, 26˛28) F∂nhnSßfnepw AXp ÿm]n®p. kmaphens‚ ImeØv AXv jotembnepw Bbncp∂p. AhnsS AXp tZhmebsa∂p hnfn°s∏Sp∂ Xn\m¬ AXv ]cn jvIcn® ]pXnb IqSm cambn cn°p sa∂pIcpXmw.^nenkvXy ¿ bp≤Øn¬ ]nSn s®SpØ hmKvZm\ t]SIw ]n∂oSv Xncn®p sIm≠ph∂v Pdp ksean¬ ÿm]n °p∂Xv ZmhoZmWv (2 kmap 7:17). ]n∂oSvhmKvZm\t]SIhpw hnip≤]mXßfpw tkmfa≥cmPmhv PdpksewtZhmebØn¬ÿm]n®p. _m_ntemWnb°m¿ tZhmebw 587˛¬ \in∏n®t∏mƒ CXnse hmKvZm\t]SIw A]Xy£ambn F∂p IcpXp∂p (Psd 3:16).

ssZhØns‚ \nbaw AYhm hN\w kq£n®ncp∂ t]SIØn\papIfn¬Acq]nbmbn Xs‚ km∂n[yw \evInb ssZhw, amwkw [cn® tbiphn¬ \nd-km-∂n-[yamIp∂XmWv ]n∂oSv A©p \q‰m≠pIƒ°ptijw \mw ImWp∂Xv.tbip ssZhØns‚ ]pXnb DSºSnbmWv, hN\amWv, a\pjytcmSpIqsSbp≈ssZh Øns‚ IqSmchpamWv. AhnSp∂nemWv ssZhØns‚ km∂n[yw ""ssZhw\tΩmSp IqsS'' (CΩ\pth¬) F∂ bmYm¿∞yambnØocp∂Xv.

hn. a¿t°mkv Fgp-Xnb kphn-tijw

\mep kphn-ti-j-ß-fn¬h®v G‰w sNdp-Xp-w BZyw cNn-°-s∏-´Xpambhn. a¿t°m-kns‚ kphn-ti-j-w a‰p kam-¥-c-kp-hn-ti-j-߃°v amXr-Ibpw \n¿Æm-b-I- D-d-hn-S-hp-ambn F∂p IcpXs∏Sp∂p. hfsc kcfhpw kPohhpamb ]Xn]mZ\coXn kzoIcn®ncn°p∂ Cu kphntijw tbiphns‚ PohnXsØbpw ZuXysØbpw Ia]hr≤amb coXnbn¬ A\mhcWw sNøp∂p≠v.

1. kphn-ti-j-c-N-\-Cu kphn-ti-j-

cN\ Bcv, B¿°p-th≠n, F∂v, Fhn-sS-h®v \SØn sb ∂pwAXns‚ Dt±-i-sa¥mbncp∂p F∂p-amWv\man-hnsS N¿® sNøp-∂Xv. C°m cyßsf∏‰n CXns‚ ]pcmX\ss Isbgp Øp]XnIfn¬ H∂pw Xs∂tcJs∏ SpØn bn´n√.F.Un. 150˛¬ ]I¿Øn sb gpXs ∏´sX∂p IcpXp∂ HcpssIsbgpØp ]Xnbn¬ a¿t°mkns‚kphntijw íF∂

io¿j Iw tN¿Øncn °p∂Xmbn ImWp∂p≠v. ]mcºcya\pkcn®pw CXns‚cNbnXmhv a¿t°mkv, AXmbXv kphn-ti-j-]-tLm-j-W-th-f-I-fn¬ hn. ]utem-kn-s‚bpw ]tXm-kn-s‚bpw klm-bn-bmbn h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂ a¿t°mkv (A∏ 12:25;13:5;13:13; 15:37; 2 Xntam 4:11; ^ne 24; 1 ]tXm 5:13), Xs∂bmWv. A∏-kvtXm-e-∑m-cn-sem-cp-h-\-√m-Xn-cp∂ Cu a¿t°mkv Pdp-k-tew-Im-cn-bmb Hcp adn-b-Øns‚aI-\pw (A∏ 12:12) _m¿W-_m-kns‚ ]nXrhy]pX\pw (sImtfm 4:10) Bbn-cp∂p-. tbml∂m≥ F∂p hnfn°s∏´ncp∂ (A∏ 12:12; 15:37) At±lØns‚tdma≥\maambncp∂p a¿t°mkv.

tdmanse hnPm-Xob InkvXym-\n-Iƒ °p-th-≠n-bmWv a¿ t°m-kns‚kphn-ti jw cNn-°-s∏-´-sX∂ ]mc-º-cmK-Xamb hnizm kw Xs∂ B[p-\n-I-]-WvUn-X-∑mcpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]me-kvXo-\-°m-c-√mØ hnPm-Xo-b-ssI-kvX-h-¿°p th≠n FgpXn-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-°Ww a¿t°mkv Xs‚ kphntijØn¬]e Ad-amb ]Z-ß ƒ°pw ssien-Iƒ°pw hnh¿Ø\w sImSp°p Ibpw blq-Zm-Nm-c-ß-sf-°p-dn®v hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv. “Xeo-Øm Iqw’’ F∂Xns‚A¿∞w “_mentI Fgp-t∂ev°q’’ F∂m-sW∂p hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂Xpw (a‰p-Zm-l-

16 17

cW-߃ 3:17; 5:41; 7:11˛34), “]q¿∆n-I-cpsS ]mc-º-cy-a-\p-k-cn®v ^cn-tk-bcpwblq-Zcpw ssI Igp-Im-dn√’’ F∂ blq-Zm-Nm-c-sØ-°p-dn-s®-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xpw(a‰p-Zm-l-cW-߃ 7:4; 14:12; 15:42) C°mc-W-Ømembncn°Ww. hnip≤ aØm-bn-bpsS kphn-ti-jØnse∂t]mse, InkvXp ]g-b-\n-ba]h-N-\-ß-fpsS ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-am-sW∂p sXfn-bn-°p∂Xn\v hnip≤ a¿t°mkv Dt±in°p∂ns√∂phy‡amWv. ta¬∏d™hbpsS shfn®Øn¬ ]cn-K-Wn-°p-tºmƒ CXns‚ cN\tdman¬ h®m-bn-cp-s∂∂v Icp-Xmw. ]tXm-kv«o-lm-bpsS c‡-km-£n-Xz-Øns‚sXm´p-]n-∂mse, a¿t°mkv Cu kphn-tijw cNn®psh∂p≈ ]mc-º-cyhpwtdmanse aX-]o-U-\hpw InkvXym-\n-I-fpsS kl-\sØ°p-dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿ißfpw(8:34-˛36; 10:29˛30; 13:9, 13) F.-Un. 65-˛\pw 70-˛\pw CS-bv°m-bn-cn°pw CXns‚ cN-\m-Imew F∂p kqNn ∏n°p∂p.

2. kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ LS\a‰p kphnt ijßfnse∂t]mse a¿t°mkns‚ kphn tijØnepw

tbiphns‚ ]cky PohnXw XpSßp∂Xv KeoenbnemWv (1:14, 16).AhnsSkn\tKmKnepw IS¬Øoc Øp ambn P\ßsf ]Tn∏n®pw Ah¿ °pth≠nA¤pXw ]h¿Øn®pw \S∂ tbip AhnsS \n∂p XnckvI cn°s∏Sp∂p (6:1˛6).F¶nepw KeoenbpsS ]m¥]tZ ißfn¬ (Kt\kdØv, Sbn¿, kotZm≥,sZ°mt∏mfnkv) Np‰n©cn®v tbip ho≠pw AhnsSØs∂ Xncns®Øp∂p≠v(7:31). AhnsSh®v cntkbcpambn hnhmZØnte¿s∏SpIbpw ho≠pw tIkdnbm^nen∏n ]tZitØ°p t]mhpIbpw Xncn®v Keoen]tZiØpIqsS PdpkteanseØn AhnsS h®v Iqin°s∏SpIbpw sNøp∂p. Aßs\, Keoenbn¬\n∂v Pdpkteante °p≈ Hcp bmXbmbn tbiphns‚ PohnXsØAhXcn∏n°p∂ coXnbnemWv Cu kphntijØns‚ AhXcWw. Gsd°psdCu coXnXs∂bmWv a‰p c≠p kam¥c kphntijßfpw Ahew_n®ncn°p∂sX∂p ]dbmw. t\scadn®v, \memw kphntijØn¬, tbip Xs‚Keoen˛Pdpktew bmX ]e]mhiyw \SØp∂Xmbn ]dbp∂p≠v. tbip Xs‚ipiqj \n¿∆ln® ]tZißfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ a¿t°mkns‚ kphntijsØ hfsc efnXambn hn`Pn°mhp∂XmWv. kv\m]I tbml∂m≥ Xs‚ZuXyw Ahkm\n∏n°p∂nSØv tbip ZuXyw XpSßp∂ `mKw hsc (1:1˛15)BapJambpw D∞m\w hnhcn°p∂ 16˛ma[ymbw D]kwlmcambpw ho£n®m¬AXn\nSbnep≈ mKsØ aq∂mbn Xncn°mw.

1:1- 15 ]ckyPohnXØn\p≈ Hcp°w1:16-˛8:30 Keo-en-b-bnepw ]cn-k-c-]-tZ-i-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ ]h¿Ø-\-߃8:31˛10:52 Pdp-k-te-an-te-°p≈ bmX11:1˛15:47 Pdp-k-teanse ]h¿Ø-\-߃, ]oUm-\p`-h-w.16:1-˛20 D∞m\hnhcWw

BapJ`mKØn\ptijw (1:1-˛15) Keo-en-bnepw ]cn-k-c-ßfnepw tbiphns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßfpsS hnhcWØns‚ ]cnkam]vXn ]tXmkns‚ hnizmk]Jym]\Øn¬ Z¿in°mw (8:27- 30). XpS¿∂p≈ tbiphns‚ Pdpkteante°p≈bmX- c≠mwë mK-hpw (8:31˛10:52), Pdp-k-te-anse cmP-Io-b-]-th-i-\hpw XpS¿∂p≈]h¿Ø-\-hpw ]oUm-\p`-h-hpw Ipcnipa-c-Whpw aq∂mw- `m-K-hp-w (A[ym 11˛15)Bbn IW°m°mw. D∞m\hnhcWamWv ]Xn\mdmw A[ymbØn¬ ImWp∂Xv.

3. hniZo-I-cWw3.1 kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ BapJw (1:1-˛15)

a‰p kam¥ckphntijßfn¬\n∂p hyXykvXambn tbiphns‚ _meyImekw`hßsfm∂pw tcJs∏SpØmsX, BZysØ ]Xn-aq-∂p-hm-Iy-ß-fn-embnkphntij-Øns‚ io¿jIw (1:1), kv\m]-I-tbm-l-∂ms‚ ]h¿Ø-\w (1:2˛8),Cutim-bpsS ⁄m\-kv\m\w (1:9˛11), acp-`q-an-bnse ]co£ (1:12˛13) F∂nh]cm-a¿in®n-cn-°p-∂p. 14˛15 hmIy߃ BapJ`mKsØ H∂mw mKhpambn _‘n∏n°p∂ Hcp IÆnbmbn h¿Øn®psIm≠v io¿jIØn¬ kqNn∏n® tbipInkvXphns‚ kphntijØns‚ Bcw`w AhXcn∏n°p∂p.

Cu BapJ`mKØns‚ BZyhN\Ønepw Ahkm\sØ hN\Ønepwkphntijw (1:1, 15) F∂ ]Zw D]tbmKn°p∂Xv it≤bamWv. InkvXphneqsSssIh∂ c£sbbmWv kphntijw F∂ ]Zw A¿∞am°p∂Xv. kphntijwF∂Xv “\√ hm¿Ø” F∂¿∞w hcp∂ FhmMvtKentbm≥ F∂ Ko°p]ZØns‚ X¿÷abmWv. ]gb\nbaØn¬ GiømbpsS ]pkvXIØn¬ “ssZhwhcp∂p” F∂ ktµihpw “ssZhw sIm≠phcp∂ c£bpw” kZzm¿Ø (FhmMvtKentbm≥) BWv (Gi 40:9- 11; 52:7; 61:1). tdma≥ NIh¿ØnamcpsS ÿm\mtcmlWhm¿Øbpw NIh¿ØnbpsS hnfw_chpw bp≤hnPbhpsams° FhmMvtKentbm≥ F∂p hnfn°s∏´ncp∂p F∂v ]pcmX\tcJIƒ sXfnbn°p∂p≠v.ssZhhpw cmPmhpw c£I\pamb tbiphns‚ BKa\hpw c£mIctheIfpamWv G‰hpw henb kZzm¿Ø AYhm kphntijw F∂XpsIm≠v kphntijIs‚ Cu ]Z]tbmKw A¿∞hØmWv F∂Xn\p kwiban√.

“ssZh-]p-X-\mb tbip-In-kvXp-hns‚ kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ Bcw`w’’ F∂hmIyw ]ehn[kqN\Iƒ \evIp∂p≠v. tbip ssZh]pX\msW∂v G‰p]dbpIbmWv kphntijØns‚ e£yw. C°mcyw kv\m]Is‚ ]tLmjWØneqsSbpw (1:7- 8) XpS¿∂v ]nXmhns‚ “\o Fs‚ ]nb]pX≥’’ (1:11) F∂ hm°pIfneqsSbpw kphntijI≥ Dd∏n°p∂p≠v. amXa√, kphntijØns‚ Ahkm\Ønepw tbip “ssZh]pX≥’’ BsW∂v hnPmXob\mb iXm[n]≥ G‰p]dbp∂Xp (15:39) \mw tIƒ°p∂p≠v. tbipInkvXp F∂ kwbp‡\maØns‚D]tbmKwXs∂ AhnSp∂v ssZhØm¬ A`ntjIw sNbvXv Abbv°s∏´ncn°p∂aninlm BsW∂p≈ ]tLmjWamWv.

BZyhmIyØnse “Bcw`w’’ F∂ ]Zhpw A¿∞kw]q¿WamWv.kphntijØns‚ BapJ`mKw apgph≥ tbipInkvXphns‚ kphntijØns‚“Bcw`’’amWv. kv\m]-I-tbm-l-∂ms‚ ZuXyØns‚ Bcw`amWXv. kv\m]Is‚ZuXyw InkvXphns‚ ZuXyØns‚ Bcw`hpamWv. kv\m]Is‚ ZuXyw ]gb\nba]hN\ßfpambn _‘s∏SpØnbncn°p∂Xn\m¬ AhnsSbpw kphntijØns‚ Bcw`ap≠v. tbml∂m≥ ]kwKn® A\pXm]Øns‚ ⁄m\kv\m\wtbiphns‚ kphntijØn\pw At±lw \evInb A\pXm]Øns‚ Pew sIm≠p≈ kv\m\w tbip \evIp∂ c£bpsS Bflmhnep≈ kv\m\Øn\pw Bcw`wAYhm ASnÿm\amIp∂p≠v. tbml∂m\n¬\n∂v A\pXm]Øns‚ kv\m\wkzoIcn®psIm≠mWv (1:9-˛11) ssZh]pX\mb tbipInkvXp Xs‚ kphntijØn\v Bcw`w Ipdn°p∂Xv. A\pXm]w kphntijØn\p apt∂mSnbmWv F∂vtbiphns‚ hm°pIfpw kqNn∏n°p∂Xp ImWmw: “A\pX]n®p kphntijØn¬ hnizkn°phn≥’’ (1:15). acp`qanbnse ]co£sb Pbn®psIm≠mWv tbip

18

Xs‚ kphntijw Bcw`n°p∂Xv. AXpt]mse, tbiphneqsSbp≈ ssZhØns‚ c£mIc ]hrØnbpsS Bcw`amWXv F∂ [z\nbpap≠v.

a‰p kam¥ckphntijI∑m¿ \evIp∂Xpt]mse, acp`qanbnse ]co£bpsS hniZmwißsfm∂pw sImSp°msX AhnsS Ah≥ h\yarKßtfmSpIqsS Bbncp∂psh∂pw ssZhZqX∑m¿ Ahs\ ipiqjn®psh∂pw hnhcWsØNpcp°p∂Xpw tbip ssZh]pX\mb aninlm BsW∂v hmb\°msc t_m[ys∏SpØpI amXamWv kphntijIs‚ Dt±iyw F∂p shfnhm°p∂p≠v.

3.2 Keo-en-bnepw ]cn-k-c-]-tZ-i-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ ]h¿Ø-\-߃ (1:16˛8:30)injy∑msc hnfn°p∂tXmSpIqSn Bcw`n°p∂ (1:16-˛20) H∂mwë`mKw

injy]apJ\mb ]tXmkns‚ hnizmk]Jym]\tØmSpIqsS Ahkm\n°p∂p(8:30). Cutim injy∑msc hnfn°p∂Xv aq∂p]mhiyambn´mWv. CXn¬ BZyc≠p hnhcWßfnepw (1:16˛20; 2:13˛17) hnfn mKnIamWv. aq∂mw hnhcWØn¬(3:13˛19) ]¥≠p injy∑mcpsS t]cpw ZuXyhpw hnfn°s∏´Xns‚ ImcWhpwF√mw kw£n]vXambn hnhcn®ncn°p∂p. Keoenbnse CutimbpsS alØmbsNbvXnIƒ AhnSpsØ ]t_m[\hpw A¤pX]hrØnIfpambncp∂p. cntkbcpw a‰pambn \SØp∂ Nne hmKzmZ߃ (D]hmkw˛ km_ØmNcWw,2:18˛28; t_¬sk_q¬ hnhmZw, 3:20˛30), \memasØ A[ymbØnse D]aIƒF∂nhb√msX a‰p ]`mjWßsfm∂pw Xs∂ hnhcn°p∂n√. ]Icw, Ah≥P\ßsf ]Tn∏n®psh∂pw AXn\v AhcpsS ]XnIcWsa¥msW∂psams°Npcpßnb hm°pIfn¬ kwKln®ncn°p∂Xp ImWmw: “Ahs‚ ]t_m[\Øn¬ Ah¿ hnkvab`cnXcmbn. A[nImcap≈hs\t∏msebmWv Ah≥ ]Tn∏n®Xv” (1:21- 22; a‰v DZm 1:39; 2:2, 14). \memasØ A[ymbw (ISens\ im¥am°p∂Ahkm\ hnhcWsamgn®v, 35˛41) D]aIfptSXmsW∂p ]dbmw. BZyc≠phmIyßfn¬ (4:1˛2) BapJhpw Ahkm\sØ c≠phmIyßfn¬ (4:33˛34) D]kwlmchpw sImSpØpsIm≠v \mep]aIƒ (hnX°mcs‚, Zo]w ad®p hbv°cpXv,hnØns‚, ISpIpaWnbpsS) BWv Cu A[ymbØn¬ \evInbn´p≈Xv.

Cutim ]h¿Øn°p∂ A¤pXßfpsSsb√mw hnhcWhpw ]nimNp_m[nXs\ kpJs∏SpØp∂Xpw s_¿Xntabqkn\p ImgvN \evIp∂Xpamb c≠¤pXßsfmgn®v (9:14-˛29; 10:46˛52) ˛ Cuë`mKØmWp ImWp∂Xv. t]scSpØp]d™n´p≈ ]Xn\©v A¤pXßfpsS hnhcWhpw IqSmsX [mcmfw A¤pX߃ sNbvXXns\°pdn®p≈ ]cma¿ihpw (DZm 1:32˛34; 6:53˛56) tbiphns‚X\nasb ˛ AhnSpsØ sakbm\nIXzsØ ˛ shfns∏SpØp∂p≠v. F¶nepwA¤pX ]h¿Ø\߃°nSbn¬, Xs∂ aninlmbmsW∂p Xncn®dnbp∂hscAXp ]tLmjn°p∂Xn¬ \n∂v tbip I¿i\ambn XSbp∂Xp ]e ]mhiyhpwtcJs∏SpØnbncn°p∂p (1:34, 44; 3:12; 5:43; 7:36; 8:26, 30; 9:9). CXns\ “sakbm\nIclkyw” (Messianic Secret) F∂mWv ]WvUnX¿ hnfn°p∂Xv. tbiphns‚ sakbm\nI ZuXyw ]q¿ØnbmIp∂Xv Ahs‚ PohnXw apgph\nepamWv.AXmbXv, InkvXphns‚ i‡nbpw ZuXyhpw shfns∏Sp∂Xv A¤pXßfneqsSamXa√, kl\ØneqsSbpw IpcnineqsSbpamWv. alØz]q¿W\mb aninlmsb°pdn®p≈ A∂sØ P\Øns‚ ]Xo£bpw kl\ØneqsS alØz]q¿W\mbnØocp∂ Xs‚ sakbm\nIZuXyhpw XΩnep≈ sshcp≤yw Xm≥ InkvXphmsW∂p ]dbcpXv F∂p Iev]n°phm≥ tbiphns\ t]cn∏n®p F∂p Xo¿®bm°mw.

Cu alØmb sNbvXnIƒ°p km£ywhln® P\ßfpw injy∑mcpwAhs\ a\nem°nbXv hyXykvX coXnbnembncp∂p. P\߃ Ahs\ kv\m]Itbml∂ms\t∂m, Genbmsbt∂m, ]hmNI∑mcnsemcph≥ Ft∂m a\nem°nbt∏mƒ injy∑m¿ Ahs\ InkvXpsh∂v Xncn®dn™p (8:29). Cu A¤pX]h¿Ø\ßfmIs´, aninlmbpsS A[nImcsØ kqNn∏n°p∂hbmWv. ]nimNp°fpsStaepw ]IrXnbpsStaepw acWØns‚taepap≈ ssZh]pX\mb aninlmbpsS ˛ InkvXphns‚ ˛ A[nImchpw hnPbhpamWv Cu A¤pX]h¿Ø\߃ shfns∏SpØp∂Xv. Cu hnPbw, ssZh]pX\mb tbipInkvXphns‚kphntijamWv. ssZhcmPysØ°pdn®p≈ D]aIƒ ssZhcmPyØns‚ kz`mhwFs¥∂p a\nem°nØcnIbpw ssZhcmPyØnte°v Hcphs\ £Wn°pIbpwsNøp∂ kphntijamWv. tbiphns‚ injycpsS ZuXyw ssZhcmPyØns‚kphntijØn¬ hnizkn®psIm≠v tbiphns\ ssZh]pX\mb aninlm ˛InkvXp F∂p Xncn®dnbpIbpw AXp ]tLmjn°pIbpw sNøpI F∂XmWv.B ZuXy\n¿∆lWamWv Cu H∂mw `mKØns‚ Ahkm\w injycpsS ]Xn\n[nbmbn ]tXmkv «olm \SØp∂ hnizmk]Jym]\w.

BZyA[ymbØnse Nne A¤pXßsfmgn®v as‰√m A¤pX]h¿Ø\ßfpw cntkbcpw a‰pambp≈ hmKzmZØn\nS\evIp∂p≠v. CXpIqSmsX^cntkbcpw a‰pambn D]hmksØ°pdn®pw km_ØmNcWsØ°pdn®pw ]mcºcysØ°pdn®pap≈ A©p X¿°ßfpw Cu `mKØv tcJs∏SpØnbn´p≠v.Aßs\ Keoenbn¬h®p Xs∂ Aht\mSp `n∂n°pIbpw ssZhcmPyØns‚ktµiØn\v sNhnsImSp°mXncn°pIbpw sNøp∂ Hcp hn`mKsØ a¿t°mkvkphntijI≥ AhXcn∏n°p∂p. CXv Pdpkteante°p≈ hgnbn¬h®v Cutim\SØp∂ ]oUm\p`h]hN\߃°pw Pdpkteanse A¥ycwKØn\pw DNnXamb ]›mØesamcp°p∂p.

3.3 Pdp-k-se-an-te-°p≈ bmX (8:31˛10:52)Xm≥ aninlm (InkvXp) BsW∂p≈ ]tXmkns‚ hnizmk]Jym]\w

aninlmclkyw shfnhm°p∂Xn\v tbiphns\ t]cn∏n°p∂p (8:31). kln°p∂aninlmsb a\nem°m≥ injycpsS lrZbw k÷ambn´n√ F∂p sXfnbn°p∂Xmbncp∂p injy]apJ\mb ]tXmkv«olm \evIp∂ ]XnIcWw (8:32).ssZhlnXtØmSp tN¿∂p\nev°m\pw kl\sØ FXn¿°mXncn°m\pw ]tXmkv«olmsb D]tZin°p∂ tbip (8:33), injyscbpw, A¤pXw I≠v Xm≥aninlm BsW∂p km£ys∏SpØnb P\sØbpw, IpcnipsaSpØv Xs∂ A\pKan°m≥ Bhiys∏´psIm≠v (8:34˛38) Hcp ]p\¿hnNn¥\Øn\p t]cn∏n°pIbmWv. Pdpktean¬ Xs∂ ImØncn°p∂Xv Fs¥∂dnbmambncp∂ CutimPdpkteante°p≈ hgnbn¬h®pXs∂ X\n°p Pdpktean¬ kw`hn°m\ncn°p∂hsb c≠p]mhiywIqSn injy∑msc t_m[ys∏SpØp∂Xn\p ian°p∂p≠v (9:30˛32; 10:32˛34).

Pdpkteante°p≈ bmXbv°nSbn¬ Xmt_m¿aebn¬h®p≈ tbiphns‚ cq]m¥coIcWsØ°pdn®p≈ hnhcWw (9:2˛13) tbiphns‚ alØzsØ°pdn®p≈ shfn]mSmWv. ]oUm\p`hsØ°pdn®p≈ H∂masØ ]hN\Øn\ptijamWv tbiphns‚ alØzsØ shfns∏SpØp∂Xv F∂XpsIm≠v kl\hpw alØzhpw XΩnep≈ At`Zy_‘w ChnsS ZriyamWv. Ch c≠pw ssZh]pX\mb tbipInkvXphns‚ kphntijamWv, AYhm Ch c≠pw AhnSpsØ

19

20 21

sakbm\nIclkyamWv shfns∏SpØp∂Xv. tamibpw Genbmbpw \nbasØbpw ]hmNI∑mscbpw ]Xn\n[oIcn°ptºmƒ ssZh]pX\mb tbipInkvXpAhbpsS ]q¿ØoIcWamsW∂v hy‡amIp∂p. cq]m¥coIcWthfbn¬ssZhw tbiphns\ alØzs∏SpØnbXns‚ ASbmfßfmbncp∂p sh◊bpwXnf°hpap≈Xmbn amdnb hkvXw, tamibpsSbpw GenbmbpsSbpw ]Xy£s∏S¬, taLØns‚ Bh-cWw, taLØn¬\n∂p≈ kzcw F∂nh. Cu kw`hØn\ptijw aebn¬h®pXs∂ tbiphns‚ acWsØ°pdn®pw Dbn¿∏ns\°pdn®pw AYhm kl\sØ°pdn®pw alØzsØ°pdn®pw Ah≥ injycpambnkwkmcn°p∂p≠v. Cu hnhcWw temtKmkv Iznkn\mbn \mw Hcpßp∂ a‰pc≠p`mKßfpambn a¿t°mkns‚ kphntijsØ _‘n∏n°p∂p≠v. ko\mbvaebn¬ ssZhtØmsSmØmbncp∂ tamibpsS apJw ]Imin®Xv ChnsS kqNnXamWv. ]tXmkns‚ c≠mw teJ\amIs´, Cu kw`hw hnhcn®psIm≠mWvtbiphns‚ c≠masØ BKa\Øn\p ÿncoIcWw \evIp∂Xv.

CutimbpsS PdpktewbmX ][m\ambpw ]t_m[\Ønt‚XmWv.tbip Xs∂°pdn®pw Xs‚ ZuXysØ°pdn®pw, IqSmsX ssZhcmPyw (9:33˛37;10: 17˛31) hnhmltamN\w (10:1- 12) F∂nhsb°pdn®pw ]t_m[\w \evIn s°m≠vXs‚ sakbm\nIZuXysØ°pdn®p IqSpXemb shfns∏Spج \SØpIbmWv.cq]m¥coIcW kw`hhnhcWØn\ptijw ]nimNp_m[nXs‚ kuJyw, Pdpkteanse cmPIob]thi\Øns‚ hnhcWØn\p apºv c≠mw mKØns‚ Ahkm\ambn _¿Xntabqkv F∂ A‘s‚ kuJyw F∂o c≠¤pX߃ (9:14˛29;10:46˛52) amXta Cu mKØp hnhcn°p∂p≈p.3.4 Pdp-k-te-anse ]h¿Ø-\-߃, ]oUm-\p-`-h-w (11:1˛15:47)

tbiphns‚ aninlmclkyw shfns∏Sp∂Xv kphntijØns‚ aq∂mw`mKØmWv. Cu ][m\`mKw Pdpkteante°p cmPIob]thi\w \SØp∂Xns‚ hnhcWtØmsS Bcw`n°pIbpw tbiphns\ I√dbn¬ kwkvIcn°p∂hnhcWtØmsS Ahkm\n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. Pdpkteante°p ]thin°p∂tbip “I¿Ømhns‚ \maØn¬ hcp∂h\m”sW∂pw, “ZmhoZns‚ kamKXamIp∂cmPyam”sW∂pw (11:9˛10) km[mcWP\߃ Xncn®dnbp∂p≠v. F∂m¬ AhnSsØ cmPIob]thihpw XpS¿∂p≈ tZhmebip≤oIcWhpw aXt\Xm°fpsStNmZywsNøen\p hnt[bambn. Cu hnhcW߃°nSbn¬ AØnacsØ i]n°p∂ hnhcWw tN¿Øncn°p∂Xv it≤bamWv. DWßnt∏mIp∂ AØnacw(11:20) I√nt∑¬ I√ptijn°msX XI¿°s∏Sp∂ tZhmebØns‚ (13:2) ]XoIamsW∂p IcpXmw.

Keoenbn¬hs®∂t]mse, Pdpktean¬h®pw aXt\Xm°fpambp≈tbiphns‚ A©p hmKzmZ߃ ImWmw. tZhmebip≤oIcWw \SØp∂Xn\vtbiphn\pff A[nImcsØ°pdn®pamXa√, A∂p blqZkaqlØn¬ \nehnep≠mbncp∂ hnhmZßsf°pdn®pw Ah¿ X¥]q¿∆w tbiphnt\mSp tNmZn®Xv Ahs\ IpSp°nem°n h[nt°≠Xn\mbncp∂p. kokdn\p≈ \nIpXn,D∞m\w, kp][m\ Iev]\Iƒ, InkvXp ZmhoZns‚ ]pX\mWv F∂p≈ ]hN\w, F∂nhbvs°√mw \evInb DØc߃ Ahsc IqSpX¬ ]tIm]n∏n®p.CXn\ptijw \nba⁄sc hna¿in°pIIqSn sNøp∂Xv AhnSpsØ Ipcnin¬Xd®p sIm√m\p≈ AhcpsS \o°Øn\v B°w Iq´n.

13˛ma[ymbw shfn]mSpkmlnXycoXnbnep≈ bpKm¥]`mjWamWv.AXv tbiphns‚ acWØns‚bpw Pdpktew \Kcw tdmam°mcm¬ kºq¿Æambn\in∏n°s∏Sm\n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-s‚bpw ]›mØeØn¬ \n∂p sIm≠p ho£nt°≠XmWv. PmKcqIcmbncn°m\p≈ \n¿t±iw, hymPInkvXpamcpw ]hmNI∑mcpw]Xy£s∏Sp∂Xns\°pdn®p≈ ap∂dnbn∏v, qIºsØ°pdn®pw ]oU\sØ°pdn®pap≈ hnhcWw F∂nhsbms° Cu ]`mjWØn¬ ZriyamWv. CuAhkcØn¬ a\pjy]pX≥ hcpsa∂pw Ahs\ kzoIcn°m≥ PmKcqIcmbncn°Wsa∂pap≈ \n¿t±iamWv InkvXz \pbmbnIƒ°p e`n°p ∂Xv.

kphntijØnse XpS¿∂p≈ A[ymb߃ (14˛16) tbiphns‚ Ahkm\sØ ]oUm\p`h]hN\Øn¬ ImWp∂ GgpImcyßfpsS bYm¿∞NnXamWv: (1) a\pjy]pX≥ ][m\]ptcmlnX]apJ∑m¿°pw \nba⁄¿°pwGev]n°s∏Spw. (2) Ah¿ Ahs\ acWØn\p hn[n°pIbpw (3) hnPmXob¿°vGev]n®psImSp°pIbpw sNøpw. (4) Ah¿ Ahs\ ]cnlkn°pIbpw Ahs‚ta¬ Xp∏pIbpw (5) Ahs\ ]lcn°pIbpw (6) h[n°pIbpw sNøpw. (7)aq∂pZnhkØn\ptijw Ah≥ Dbn¿sØgpt∂¬°pw (10:33˛34). Fgp]Øn c≠phmIyßfp≈ 14˛mw A[ymbamWv a¿t°mkns‚ kphntijØnse G‰hpw henbA[ymbw. CutimbpsS ]oUm\p`hhnhcWsØ°pdn®v hniZambn hnhcn°m≥Cu A[ymbtØmsSm∏w XmcXtay\ \ofwIqSnb 15˛mw A[ymbhpw kphntijI≥ D]tbmKn°p∂p. ]Xn\mema[ymbØn¬ ]IpXnbne[nIw hcp∂ mKØv(hm 1˛42) tbip acWØn\mbn Xs∂Øs∂ Hcp°p∂XmWp hnhcn°p∂Xv.CuimbpsS ]oUm\p`hhnhcWØns‚ XpS°Ønep≈ kpK‘ssXem`ntjIw Cutimsb I√dbn¬ kwkvIcn°p∂Xns‚ ]XoIamsW∂v tbip Xs∂]dbp∂p≠t√m (14:3-˛9). s]klm BNcn°ptºmƒ X∂Øs∂ apdn®p hnfºp∂Xpw (14:12˛26) KXvska\nbn¬ ]m¿∞n°p∂Xpw (14:32˛42) Xs‚ acWØn\p≈ Hcp°ambncp∂p. F∂m¬ Ahkm\`mKhpw XpS¿∂p≈ 15˛ma[ymbhpw tbiphns\ a‰p≈h¿ acWØns\mcp°p∂Xns\ hniZoIcn°p∂p.]ptcmlnX]apJ∑mcpw Iq´cpw F√m X¥ßfpw sa\™v tbiphns\ acWØns\mcp°ptºmƒ AhnSpsØ H‰ns°mSpØpsIm≠v bqZmkv AhtcmsSm∏wtNcp∂p. Ahs\ ]SbmfnIƒ _‘n®pIgnbptºmƒ HmSn c£s∏Sp∂ injycpw,Ipd®pt\cw A\pKan®v Ah¿ ]nSn®t∏mƒ hkvXapt]£n®v c£s∏Sp∂ bphmhpw Ahs\ acWØn\v hn´psImSp°p∂p. XpS¿∂pw Ahs\ A\pKan® HtcHcp injy≥ ]tXmkmWv. AXohZp-xJtØmSpw btØmSpw IqSnbmbncn°Ww«olm Ahs\ ][m\]ptcmlnXs‚ ap‰whsc A\pKan°p∂Xv. tbiphns\acWØn\\¿l\msW∂p ][m\]ptcmlnXcpw a‰pw hn[n®tijw ]tXmkpw“Ahs\ Adnbn√” F∂p]d™p acWØn\p hn´psImSp°p∂p.

]oemtØmkns‚ ]°ep≈ tbiphns‚ hnNmcWbnepw hn[nbnepw]ptcmlnX]apJcmWv hnPbn®Xv. ]oemtØmkns\t∏mepw AhcpsS Xocpam\Øn\[o\\m°m≥ Ah¿°p Ign™p. tbiphns\ h[n°mXncn°m≥th≠n]camh[n ian°p∂ hnPmXobë cWm[n]≥ ]oemtØmkpw, tbiphns\ h[n°m≥th≠n P\sØamXa√, hnPmXobë cWm[n]s\t∏mepw kzm[o\n°p∂]ptcmlnX]apJ∑mcpw hyXykvX[phßfn¬ \nev°p∂p. Ahkm\ambn, hnπhImcnbpw sIme]mXInbpamb _dm_mkns\ tbiphn\p ]Icw tamNn∏n°m≥ian®psIm≠v ]ptcmlnX]apJ∑mcpw AhcpsS Xmev]cyØn\p hgßp∂ P\

22 23

°q´hpw Ahs‚ acWsØ Dd∏n°p∂p. ]SbmfnIfpsS ]cnlmkhpw Ahs‚t]cn¬ FgpXnb Ip‰]Xhpw Ahs\ Zpjn®p]d™hcpsS hm°pIfpw AhcdnbmsXXs∂ Ahs‚ InkvXpclkyw shfns∏SpØp∂p≠v. F∂m¬ tbiphns‚acWkabØv iXm[n]\neqsS tbiphns‚ aninlmclkyw shfns∏Sp∂Xvt_m[yØns‚ XnIhn¬\n∂mWv: “kXyambpw Cu a\pjy≥ ssZh]pX\mbncp∂p” (15:39). acWtijw AhnSpsØ icocw kwkvIcn°phm≥ AcnasØbm°mc\mb tPmk v A√msX a‰mcpw D≠mbncp∂n√. At±lw ]oemtØmkns‚ASpsØØn tbiphns‚ icocw tNmZn°pIbpw, Ipcnin¬\n∂nd°n I√dbn¬kwkv°cn°pIbpw sNbvXp. Ah‚ kwkvkmcØn\p km£nbmb kvXoIsf°pdn®p ]d™psIm≠v Cu mKw Ahkm\n°p∂p.

3.5 tbiphns‚ D∞m\w (16:1˛20)tbiphns‚ D∞m\sØ°pdn®pw AhnSp∂v ]Xy£s∏Sp∂Xns\°p

dn®pw 16˛mw A[ymbw hnhcn°p∂p. aKvZe\adnbw, bmt°m_ns‚ AΩbmbadnbw, kteman F∂o aq∂p kvXoIƒ°pamXw ]Xy£s∏´psh∂p ]d™hkm\n∏n°p∂ Cu A[ymbØnse 1˛8 hmIy߃ amXta Nne ssIsbgpØp]XnIfn¬ ImWp∂p≈q (]n.H.kn. ss__nfn¬ sImSpØncn°p∂ ASn°pdn∏pt\m°pI). XpS¿∂p≈ 9˛20 hmIy߃ ]n∂oSv kphntijtØmSp Iq´nt®¿ØXmsW∂mWv ]WvUnXcpsS A`n]mbw. tbiphns‚ D∞m\Øn\p ZrIvkm£nIfp≈Xmbn kphntijI≥ tcJs∏SpØp∂n√. iq\yamb I√dbpw AhnSpsØ]Xy£s∏SepIfpamWv D∞m\Øn\p sXfnhpIfmbn D≈Xv. AXpsIm≠vD∞m\hnhcWØn\v IqSpX¬ hnizmkyX \evIp∂Xn\pth≠n injy∑m¿°p]Xy£s∏´psh∂ km£y߃ IqSn kphntijtØmSp Iq´nt®¿Øp F∂Xphnizk\obamWv. GXmbmepw Cu mKw kphntijØn\v DNnXamb D]kwlmcambncn°p∂p F∂Xn¬ kwiban√.

hn. ]tXmkv Fgp-Xnb c≠mw teJ\w

ImtXmenIteJ\ßfn¬ aq∂matØXpw aq∂[ymb߃ amXap≈Xpwhnip≤ ]tXmkns‚ cN\sb∂v Adnbs∏Sp∂Xpamb Cu ]pXnb\nbaKŸwshfn]mSpkmlnXyØns‚ tasºmSn tN¿Øn´p≈ Hcp teJ\amWv.

]tXmkns‚ H∂mwteJ\Øn\p e`n®Xpt]mse Hcp kzoImcyX Cuc≠mw teJ\Øn\v BZyImeßfn¬ e`n®n´n√. CXns‚ cNbnXmhns\°pdn®p≈ kwibamWv ][m\ImcWw. Imt\m\nIsa∂v AwKoIcn °m≥ XmcXtay\ ImeXmaksaSpØ bqZm kns‚ teJ\hpambn CXn\p≈ kmay hpwas‰mcp ImcWamWv. F.Un. 400˛t\m SSpØmWv CXv ]m›mXy˛ ]uckvXyk`Ifn¬ Imt\m\nIambn AwKo Icn°s∏´Xv.

1. teJ\Øns‚ cN\

Xm≥ A∏kvtXme\mb inatbm≥]tXmkmsW∂v BapJØnepw (1:1),tbiphns‚ cq]m¥ coIcW kabØvAht\msSm∏w D≠mbn cp∂h\msW∂v BZy A[ymbØnepw teJ\I¿Ømhv km£y s∏SpØp∂ps≠¶nepw (1:16˛18) CXv injy]apJ\mb]tXm knt‚X√ F∂v k`m]nXm°∑mcpw (DZm. HcnP≥, Fhptk_nbqkv) H∏w B[p\nI ] WvUnX∑mcpw A`n]mbs∏Sp ∂p≠v. BZyXeapd bn¬s∏´ ssIkvXhsc ]nXm°∑m¿ F∂p hnfn°p∂Xpw (3:4)]tXmkns‚ H∂mw teJ\Øn¬\n∂p hyXykvXamb CXns‚ ssienbpw cN\mImew A∏kvtXm enI ImeL´Ønt‚X√ F∂pd∏p Xcp∂p.AXpsIm≠v ]tXmkns‚ injycnsemcmƒ At±lØns‚ ImetijwAt±lØns‚ t]cn¬ cNn® XmWnXvF∂p IcpXpIbmWpØaw. `mjm

ssien t\m°nbm¬ bh\ ˛blqZ ]›mØeap≈ Hcp ssIkvXh\mbncn°Ww CXns‚ I¿Ømhv. ta¬∏d™ ImcWßfm¬ Øs∂ H∂mw \q‰m≠ns‚Ahkm\Ønem bncn°Ww CXns‚ cN\ \S∂sX∂\pam\n°mw.

2. teJ\Øns‚ LS\CXn¬ ]Xn]mZn®ncn°p∂ ]tabßfpsS ASnÿm\Øn¬ t\m°p

tºmƒ CXns‚ LS\ hfsc efnXamWv. aq∂p ]tab߃ aq∂[ymbßfnembnDƒs°m≈n®ncn°p∂p. ssIkvXhs‚ hnfnsb°pdn®pw A∏kvtXmes\∂ \nebn¬ tbiphn‚ alØzØn\p ZrIvkm£nbmbhcpsS hN\߃°v hnfn e`n®h¿ \evtI≠ _lpam\sØ°pdn®pw H∂mw A[ymbØn¬ hnhcn°ptºmƒc≠mw A[ymbw AXns\Xncmb ]t_m[\w \evIp∂ hymP]hmNIsc°pdn®mWv. aq∂ma[ymbamIs´, InkvXphns‚ c≠masØ BKa\sØ ho≠pwDd∏n°p∂p. F∂m¬ Cu aq∂p ]tabßfpw InkvXphns‚ c≠masØ BKa\wF∂ H‰]tabtØmSv _‘s∏SpØnbmWv AhXcn∏n®ncn°p∂Xv. InkvXphns‚ c≠masØ BKa\sØ°pdn®p kwibn®XpsIm≠mWv ssIkvXhs‚hnfnsb°pdn®pw hN\ßfpsS hnizmkyXsb°pdn®pw hymP]hmNI∑mcpsS]t_m[\߃s°Xncmbpw FgptX≠nh∂Xv. AXpsIm≠v I¿Ømhns‚ c≠masØ BKa\Øn\v Imehnfw_w hcp∂sX¥psIms≠∂p hniZoIcn®p sIm≠vhnizmknIsf I¿Ømhns‚ BKa\Øn\mbn Hcp°pIbmWo teJ\w. CXns‚LS\ Xmsgs°mSp°p∂p:

1:1-˛2 BapJw1:3˛21 ssIkvXhs‚ hnfn, A∏kvtXmes‚ km£yw2:1- 22 hymP]hmNI∑m¿3:1˛18 I¿Ømhns‚ ]XymKa\w.

3. hniZoIcWw3.1 BapJw (1:1-˛2)

InkvXphns‚ Zmk\pw A∏kvtXme\pamsW∂p Xs∂Øs∂ ]cnNbs∏SpØns°m≠v hnizmknIsf A`nkwt_m[\sNøp∂ BZyhmIy߃ HcpIØns‚ ssien ]ISam°p∂p≠v. ssZhsØbpw \ΩpsS I¿Ømhmb tbipInkvXphns\bpwIpdn®p≈ ]q¿Wamb ]cn⁄m\w aqeap≈ Ir]bpw kam[m\hpw teJ\I¿Ømhv Biwkn°p∂XpsIm≠v hymP]t_m[\߃s°Xntc PmKcqIcmbncn°m≥ D≈ ]t_m[\amWv Cu teJ\sa∂v BZy hmIyØn¬\n∂pXs∂ kqN\ e`n°p∂p≠v.3.2 ssIkvXhs‚ hnfn, A∏kvtXmes‚ km£yhpw (1:3˛21)

hymP]t_m[\߃s°Xntc PmKcqIX ]men°phm≥ Bhiys∏Sp∂Xn\papºv teJ\I¿Ømhv hnizmknIsf XßfpsS hnfnsb°pdn®p H∂ma[ymbØns‚ BZy`mKØv t_m[ys∏SpØpIbmWv (1:3˛11). XpS¿∂v AXns\ km[qIcn°p∂ hn[Øn¬ A∏kvtXmes\∂ \nebn¬ Xs‚ km£yhpw hnip≤enJnXßfpsS ssZh\nthinXXzsØ°pdn®p≈ ]t_m[\hpw (1:16˛21) \evIp∂p.

InkvXobPohnXØns‚ ASnÿm\ambn InkvXphn¬ ssZhw \ap°pth≠n sNbvXsXs¥∂v A\pkvacn∏n®psIm≠mWv ssIkvXhs‚ hnfn ssZhnIalØzØnte°pw Hu∂XyØnte°pw D≈XmsW∂v t_m[ys∏SpØp∂Xv(1:3˛4). BapJ`mKØv Du∂¬ sImSpØncn°p∂ InkvXphns\°pdn®p≈ ]q¿Æamb Adnhns‚ BhiyIX, Cu `mKØpw Bh¿Øn®pd∏n°p∂p≠v (1:3, 8).AXpsIm≠pXs∂ Zpcmibn¬ \n∂p c£s∏´v ssZhnIkz`mhØn¬ ]¶pIm

24 25

cmIp∂ kpIrXkº∂amb PohnXamWv ssIkvXhPohnXw Ft∂m¿Ωn∏n°p∂p. C°mcyw \nc¥cw Hm¿Ωn∏n°psa∂v hnizmknIƒs°gpXp∂ A∏kvtXme≥ ]s£, Xs‚ th¿]mSns‚ kabambn F∂pw Xncn®dnbp∂p≠v. AXpsIm≠vXs‚ A¥yhNpIfmbn hnizmknIƒ°p \evIp∂XmWo D]tZiw F∂p]dbm\pw At±lw aSn°p∂n√.

BZnassIkvXhcpsS InkvXphns\°pdn®p≈ ]q¿Æamb Adnhns‚`mKambncp∂p AhnSp∂p ho≠pw hcpw F∂p≈ Adnhpw hnizmkhpw. CutimbpsS cq]m¥coIcWthfbn¬ tbiphns‚ alØzw ImWpIbpw ]hmNIhN\߃°pd∏p e`n°pIbpw sNbvXXv XßfpsS ]t_m[\Øns‚ hnizmkyXbmbn At±lw Dd∏n®p ]dbp∂p.3.3 hymP]hmNI∑m¿ (2:1-˛22)

hymtPym]tZjvSm°ƒ F∂paps≠∂v Hm¿Ωn∏n®psIm≠p XpSßp∂Cu ]t_m[\Øns‚ BZy`mKw bqZmkns‚ teJ\tØmSp ISs∏´ncn°p∂p(2:4˛8 = bqZm 5-˛7). ]m]w sNbvX ZqX∑m¿°pw tkmtZmw, sKmtamdm ]tZi߃°pwta¬ ssZhw \evInb in£mhn[nsb°pdn®v c≠p teJ\ßfpw kqNn∏n°p∂p≠v. hymtPm]tZjvSm°fpsS taep≈ in£mhn[n Ch¿°pXpeyambncn°psa∂v Hm¿Ωn∏n°p∂p≠v. tæ—amb A`nemjßfp≈ Ahsc arK߃°pkam\ambn IW°m°ns°m≠p≈ hniZoIcWw hnizmknIƒ°v Ahcn¬\n∂pamdn\nev°m\p≈ AXni‡amb Xm°oXmWv.3.4 I¿Ømhns‚ ]XymKa\w (3:1˛18)

ho≠pw ]hmNIhN\ßfpsSbpw A∏kvtXmenI]t_m[\ßfpsSbpw km[pXsb°pdn®p kwkmcn®psIm≠mWv I¿Ømhns‚ ]XymKa\sØ°pdn®v teJ\I¿Ømhv Dd∏p\evIp∂Xv. I¿Ømhp Xs‚ hmKvZm\߃ ]men°p∂Xn¬ ImeXmakw hcpØp∂p F∂X√, AhnSpsØ ]XymKa\Øn¬F√mhcpw c£n°s∏tS≠Xn\v AhnSp∂p Zo¿L£a ImWn°p∂p F∂XmWv]XymKa\w sshIp∂Xns‚ ImcWw. AXpsIm≠v F√mhcpw A\pX]n°Wsa∂pw hnip≤ntbmSpw ssZh`‡ntbmSpwIqsS Pohn°p∂Xn¬ ipjvIm¥nbp≈hcmbncn°Wsa∂pw teJI≥ DZvt_m[n∏n°p∂p. I¿Ømhns‚ ]XymKa\ZnhkØn¬ Ah¿ ImØncnt°≠Xv \oXn \nhkn°p∂ ]pXnb BImisØbpw]pXnb qansbbpw BWv.

ssZhhN\sØ hfs®mSn°p∂hsc∏‰n ap∂dnbn∏p\evIns°m≠v,BapJØnse∂t]mse, ho≠pw InkvXphns\°pdn®p≈ Adnhn¬ hfcm≥Blzm\w sNbvXpsIm≠v teJ\I¿Ømhv Cu teJ\w D]kwlcn°p∂p.

amXrIm tNmZy-߃

]pd-∏mSv

1. IqSm-c-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn-\p≈ ImWn-°-I-fpsS hnh-c-W-Øn\v (25:2˛7) kam-\-amb ss__nƒ`mKw GXv? ]pd 35:4˛9 (b) ]pd 26:2˛10 (c) ]pd 30:2˛10 (d) ]pd 28:4˛9

2. km£y-t]-SIw \n¿Ωn-°p-∂-Xn\v D]-tbm-Kn-t°≠ acw GXv?(a) Hen-hp-acw Icp-th-eacw (c) tZh-Zmcp (d) Hm°p-acw3.‘ae-bn¬ h®p ImWn-°p∂ amXr-I’ -sb-°p-dn®v FX ]cm-a¿i-߃ ]pd 25-˛mw A[ym-b-Øn-ep≠v?(a) 1 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

4. km£y-t]-SIw FX \of-Øn¬ ]Wn-b-W-sa-∂mWv I¿Ømhp Iev]n-°p-∂Xv?(a) 12 ASn c≠-c-apgw (c) aq∂Sn (d) 12 apgw

5. Ir]m-k\w \n¿Ωn-t°-≠Xv F¥p-sIm≠v?(a) Icp-the-acw kz¿Ww (c) sh≈n (d) Henhv

6. hnip-≤-Iq-Sm-c-Øn\v FX hncn-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°Ww?(a) 16 (b) 8 10 (d) 12

7. Ckm-tb¬P\w B -c-W-߃ Agn-®p-am-‰n-bXv GXv ae-bpsS kao-]-Øp-h-®mWv?(a) ko\mbv (b) tamdnb (c) Im¿sΩ¬ tlmsd-_v

8. hnip-≤-ÿ-e-Øp-\n∂p iotIm-hnens\ th¿Xn-cn-°p-∂ Xnc-»oe Xq°n-bn-tS-≠Xv FX XqWp-I-fn-emWv? 4 (b) 10 (c) 8 (d) 2

9. IqSm-c-Øns‚ BZy-h-isØ ]e-I-Iƒ°v FX Agn-I-fm-Wp-≠m-th-≠Xv?(a) \mev A©v (c) Bdv (d) c≠v

10. tai IqSm-c-Øns‚ GXp hi-Øm-bn-cn-°Ww?(a) ]Sn™mdv (b) Ing°v (c) sX°v hS°v

11. IqSm-c-hm-Xn-ens‚ bh-\n-I-bpsS \nd-߃?(a) \oew, a™, ISpw-sN-a∏v (b) \oew, [qaw, ISpw-]® \oew, [qaw, ISpw-sN-a∏v (d) \oew, Idp-∏v, ISpw-sN-a∏v

12. Al-tdm-s‚bpw ]pX-∑m-cp-sSbpw A`n-tjIw FX Znhkw \o≠p-\n¬°Ww?

(a) 5 Znhkw 7 Znhkw (c) 6 Znhkw (d) 8 Znhkw13. tPmjz-bpsS ]nXm-hns‚ t]cv?

(a) A_vtbmjz (b) tbmk^v \q≥ (d) Imte_v14. km£y-Iq-Smcw \n¿Ωn-°m≥ D]-tbm-Kn® hkvXp-°-fpsS IW°p ImWn-

°p∂ ]´nI Xøm-dm-°n-bXv Bcv?(a) Al-tdm≥ (b) CØm-a¿ (c) tami tehy¿

15. hnip-≤-a-µnc-Ønse tXmX-\p-k-cn®v Hcp _°m FX sj°¬?(a) ¾ sj°¬ (b) ¼ sj°¬ ½ sj°¬ (d) 1 sj°¬

16. Ft^m-Zns‚ \ne-b¶n GXp \nd-Øn-emWv s\bvsX-Sp-ØXv?

(a) ]®- (b) sh≈- (c) a™ \oe-17. ]mf-b-Øn¬ bp≤-Øns‚ i_vZw apg-ßp-∂p F∂p tami-tbmSp ]d-™-

Xmcv?

(a) Al-tdm≥ tPmjz (c) ssZhw (d) andnbw18. Imf-°p- nsb \n¿Ωn-°m≥ Al-tdms\ Ah¿ \n¿_-‘n-®-Xn-\m¬ I¿Ømhv

Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ Ab-®-sX¥v? alm-amcn (b) Bt·bk¿∏w (c) sImSp-¶m‰v (d) A·n

hn. a¿t°mkv Fgp-Xnb kphn-tijw

1. Cutim-sb-∏‰n a\-n¬ ssZh-Zq-j-W-°p‰w Btcm-]n-®-Xmcv?(a) ^cn-tk-b¿ (b) kZp-°m-b¿ (c) ]ptcm-ln-X¿ \nb-a-⁄¿

2. tehn-bpsS sXmgn¬ F¥m-bn-cp∂p? Np¶w]ncn-°¬ (b) IqSm-c-∏Wn (c) sNºp-]Wn (d) a’y-_-‘\w

3. Aip-≤m-flm-°ƒ ]th-in® ]∂n-°q- -Øn¬ FX ]∂n-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp∂p?(a) GI-tZiw aqhm-bncw GI-tZiw c≠m-bncw(c) GI-tZiw \mem-bncw (d) GI-tZiw Bbncw

4. IS¬Øo-c-Øp-h®v \o ssZh-]p-X-\m-sW∂v tbip-hn-t\mSvv hnfn-®p-]-d-™-Xmcv?(a) iXm-[n-]≥ (b) ]tXmkv (c) tbml-∂m≥ Aip-≤m-flm-°ƒ

5. I^¿Wm-an¬ aS-ßn-sb-Ønb Cutim ]h¿Øn® A¤pXw?(a) A∏w h¿≤n-∏n-°¬ (b) sNIn-S\p tIƒhn Xf¿hm-X-tcm-Knsb kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv (d) arXs\ Dbn¿∏n-®Xv

6. B¿s°-Xn-cmbn ZqjWw ]d-bp-∂-h-\mWv Hcp-Im-eØpw ]m]-Øn¬\n∂ptamN-\-an-√m-ØXv?(a) ]pX-s\-Xncmbn ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s\-Xn-cmbn(c) ]nXm-hn-s\-Xn-cmbn (d) injy¿s°-Xn-cmbn

7. tehn-bpsS ]nXm-hns‚ t]sc¥v?(a) s_©-an≥ (b) tkmf-a≥ (c) kJ-dnb l¬ss]

8. “`b-s∏-tS≠, hniz-kn-°pI amXw sNøp-I”. tbip Btcm-Sm-WnXp ]d-™Xv? kn\-tKm-K-[n-Im-cn-tbmSv (b) injy-tcmSv

(c) am¿Ø-tbmSv (d) iXm-[n-]-t\mSv9. Cu P\-°q´w FX Znh-k-ambn Ft∂m-Sp-Iq-sS-bm-sW-∂mWv tbip ]d-™Xv?

(a) A©v Znhkw (b) c≠p-Znhkw (c) \mep-Znhkw aq∂p-Znhkw10. A¥-—n-Z-ap≈ Fs¥√mw \ne-\n-ev°p-I-bn-s√-∂mWv tbip ]d-™Xv?

(a) P\-X-Iƒ cmPyhpw `h\hpw(c) kaqlw (d) k`bpw cmPyhpw

11. tbip ho≠pw A∏w h¿≤n-∏n-®-tijw injy-∑m-tcm-sSm∏w Fhn-tS-°mWvt]mbXv?(a) sK∂-k-dØv (b) tIk-dnb (c) _Ym-\nb Z¬am-\qØm

12. “\oXn-am-∑mscb√, ]m]n-Isf hnfn-°m-\mWv Rm≥ h∂-Xv”. tbip Cßs\]d-™Xv BcpsS h-\-Øn¬h®v?(a) emk-dns‚ (b) ina-tbms‚ (c) kt°-hq-kns‚ tehn-bpsS

13. s]mXp-ÿ-e-Øp\n∂p -h-cp-tºmƒ tZl-ip-≤n- h-cp-ØmsX `£Ww Ign-°m-Ø-h¿ Bsc√mw?(a) kZp-°m-b¿ cn-tk-bcpw blq-Zcpw (c) tltdm-Zy¿ (d) Im\m-\y¿

14. ^cn-tk-bcpw Pdp-k-te-an¬\n∂p h∂ Nne \nb-a-⁄cpw X߃°p e`n®]mc-ºcyw hgn F¥v \nc¿∞-am-°p-∂p-sh-∂mWv tbip ]d-™Xv? ssZh-h-N\w (b) \nbaw (c) D]-tZiw (d) ]h-N\w

15. ‘sIm¿_m≥’ F∂ hm°ns‚ A¿∞w?

(a) _en hgn-]mSv (c) ]m¿∞\ (d) Zm\-[¿Ωw

16. tbml-∂m≥ _‘-\-ÿ-\m-b-t∏mƒ tbip ssZh-Øns‚ kphn-tijw ]kw-Kn-®p-sIm≠v Fhn-tS°p h∂p?(a) Pdp-k-teante°v Keo-en-bn-te°v(c) \k-tØ°v (d) _Y-\n-bm-bn-te°v

17. “R߃ sN∂v ......... Z\m-dbv°v A∏w hmßn-s°m-≠p-h∂v Ah¿°p £n-°m≥ sImSp-°-s´tbm?”(a) \qdv (b) ap∂qdv Ccp-∂qdv (d) \m∂qdv

18. “CXm, R߃ F√mw Dt]-£n®v \ns∂ A\p-K-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p”. tbip-hn-t\mSv Cßs\ ]d-™-Xmcv?(a) tXmakv (b) tbml-∂m≥ ]tXmkv (d) bphmhv

hn. ]tXmkv Fgp-Xnb c≠mw teJ\w

1. ssZh-sØbpw \ΩpsS I¿Øm-hmb tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\bpw Ipdn-®p≈F¥paqew \nß-fn¬ Ir]bpw kam-[m-\hpw h¿≤n-°-s -sb-∂mWv hnip≤]tXmkv Fgp-Xp-∂Xv?(a) hnizmkw (b) Xo£vWX (c) kvt\lw ]q¿W-amb]cn-⁄m\w

2. F¥p-aqew temI-Øn\p hn\m-i-ap-≠m-Ip∂p? Zpcm-i-aqew (b) Akqb (c) bp≤w (d) shdp∏v

3. ZpjvS-cp-sS-ta¬ Pe-]-f-b-a-b-®-t∏mƒ ]gb temI-tØmSv Ahn-S∂v F¥pImWn-®n√?(a) A\njvSw ImcpWyw (c) ]Xn-]Øn (d) sshapJyw

4. Xn∑-bpsS ]Xn- -esØ kvt\ln-®-h-\mcv?(a) Imtb≥ (b) bmt°m_v _memw (d) bqZmkv

5. _e-Ønepw i‡n-bnepw aln-a-b-Wn-™-h-sc-°mƒ hen-b-h¿ Bcv? ZqX-∑m¿ (b) ssIkvX-h¿ (c) ]ptcm-ln-X¿ (d) ]hm-N-I-∑m¿

6. Fß-s\-bp-≈-h-sc-bmWv I¿Ømhv ]co-£-I-fn¬\n∂pw c£n-°p-∂Xv?î(a) \√-hsc ssZh-`-b-ap-≈-h-sc (c) ]m¿∞n-°p-∂-hsc(d) Icp-W-bp-≈-hsc

7. ZpjvS-cpsS Zp¿hr-Øn-aqew hfsc thZ\ kln® \oXn-am-\mcv?(a) A_lmw (b) tPmk^v temØv (d) ZmhoZv

8. \ΩpsS ]nb-s∏´ ktlm-Z-c≥ F∂v ]tXmkv Bsc-°p-dn-®mWv ]d-bp-∂Xv?(a) A¥-tbmkv (b) tbml-∂m≥ (c) tbip ]utemkv

9. I¿Øm-hns‚ Zn\w .......... t]mse hcpw(a) an∂¬]n-W¿ I≈-s\- (c) kqcys\ (d) cmXn

10. \oXn-bpsS apt∂mSn Bcv?(a) kv\m]-I≥ (b) ]tXmkv (c) tbip t\ml

11. \ΩpsS I¿Ømhpw c£-I-\p-amb tbip-In-kvXp-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Adn-hp-aqew Ah¿ F¥n¬\n∂pw c£ ]m]n®p?(a) Xn∑-bn¬\n∂pw (b) ]m]-Øn¬\n∂pw temI-Øns‚ amen-\y-ß-fn¬\n∂pw (d) \mi-Øn¬\n∂pw

12. a‰p-≈-h¿°p kzmX¥yw hmKvZm\w sNøp∂ Ah¿ F¥ns‚ ASn-a-I-fmWv?(a) ]m]-Øns‚ \mi-Øns‚ (c) kmØms‚ (d) Al-¶m-c-Øns‚

13. hn\m-i-I-c-amb A`n-]m-b-߃ cl-ky-Øn¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Xßsf hne-sIm-SpØp hmßnb \mY-s\-t∏mepw \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv Bcv?(a) cn-tk-b¿ (b) ]m]n-Iƒ (c) injy-∑m¿ hymtPm-]-tZ-jvSm-°ƒ

14. “\ΩpsS I¿Øm-hns‚ ......... c£m-I-c-sa∂p Icp-Xn-s°m-≈p-hn≥”.(a) IcpW Zo¿L-£a (c) kvt\lw (d) kl\w

15. sX‰n¬ Pohn-°p-∂-h-cn¬\n∂pw IjvSn®p c£ ]m]n-®-hsc hnj-bm-k-‡-amb Zp¿hn-Nm-c-ß-fn-te°v Ah¿ Fß-s\-bmWv ]tem- n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv?(a) hymtPm-]-tZiw sIm≠v (b) [\w-sIm≠v(c) kvt\lw sIm≠v hy¿∞-amb hmKvt[m-c-Wn-sIm≠v

16. hymtPm-]-tZ-jvSm-°ƒ aqew GXp am¿K-amWv \nµn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv?(a) InkvXphns‚ kXy-Øns‚ (c) k`-bpsS (d) \oXn-bpsS

17. hn[n-bp-sSbpw ZpjvS-a-\p-jy-cp-sS \mi-Øns‚bpw Zn\-Øn¬, A·n-°n-c-bm-tI-≠-Xn\v AtX hN-\-Øm¬Øs∂ kq£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX¥v?(a) ZpjvSX (b) ZpjvS¿ (c) im]w BIm-ihpw `qanbpw

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1. Alappuzha

A (I) Cressa Carmel V.J. (II) Alwin Georgekutty (III) Sharol Regit

B (I) Romin Abraham (II) Aneeta George (III) Jeril Alex

C (I) Aroma Joseph (II) Sr. Treesa Emilin

D (I) Mariakutty Jackson (II) Laly A.A. (III) Jainamma George

E (I) Jolly Robert (II) Mary Joseph (III) Sr. Philo Mathew S.H

2. Bathery

A (I) Kenil Philipose (II) Akhil Kuriakose (III) Nema Shaji

B (I) Merin Grace (II) Sherin Shaji (III) Shintu Shaji

C (I) Lijesh Passorikka (II) Sr. Sereena DM

D (I) Sr. Ajaya SIC (II) Sr. Suprabha SIC (III) Sr. Dona DM

E (I) Omana .T (II) Cicily James

3. Bhadravathy

C (I) Sr. Josna SABS (II) Sini Thomas (III) Manju Jose

D (I) Sr. Retty Cyriac SH (II) Sr. Rose SH

4. Changanassery

A (I) Ann Mary Jacob (II) Minnu George (III) Merin Thomas

B (I) Alen Thomas (II) Alphin Thomas (III) Anisha .T (Anna)

C (I) Cherian Joseph (Majesh) (II) Anjana Abraham (III) Blessy Sony

D (I) Shirly James (II) Jolly Raju (III) Sherly Sebastian

E (I) Valsamma Scaria (II) P.G. Zacharias (III) Elsamma George

5. Cochin

A (I) Alice Ronita Roy (II) Niya Mary Maliyakkal

(III) Lidiya Elizabeth PerumpillyB (I) Annie Soumya Thaikkoottathil

(II) Treasa Sherin Pathyala (III) Mary Deleesha Chakkalakal

C (I) Angel Shalom Chathanatt (II) Mary Soumya Thottumkal (III) Anie Tency Valiaparambil

D (I) Mary Sheeja Pulikil (II) Jessy Joseph Ithiparambil (III) Mary Sujatha Ariveettilpadam

E (I) Alice Thaiveliakath (II) Baby Felix Thundiparambil (III) Alphonsia Vaikkathussery

6. Ernakulam-Angamaly

A (I) Blessy George (II) Sarah Annie Mathew (III) Jiya Joy

B (I) Seethal Rose Chacko

Logos Quiz 2011

Diocesan Winners

(II) Amrutha Antu (III) Anitha Louis

C (I) Sini Shalin (II) Albinus Joy (III) Gissa Paphin

D (I) Leena Mathew (II) Dr. Jolly Paul P. (III) Sophy Joseph

E (I) Elsy Joy Mannully (II) Rosily Devassykutty (III) Kochuthressia Joseph

7. Idukki

A (I) Anu Thomas (II) Albert .M. Bince (III) Sayana Baby

B (I) Nijumon Sebastian (II) Athira Thomas (III) Precious Sebastian

C (I) Jismy Mathew (II) Aleena Joseph S.H. (III) Sr. Alphonsa Maria CMC

D (I) Sr. Deepa Rose SD (II) Sr. Pradeepa CMC (III) Bincy Benny

E (I) Sr. Jonet FCC (II) Sr. Annie Don SH (III) Mathew Thomas Vichattu

8. Irinjalakkuda

A (I) Maria Rose Padamattummal (II) Aleena Antony (III) Gifty Jiju

B (I) Sandra E.J. (II) Jostin Thomas (III) Rose Mary Kurian

C (I) Navitha Robert (II) Bro. Solomon Padmattummal (III) Sr. Vimal Rose CMC

9. Kanjirappally

A (I) Joseph Chacko (II) Angel Treesa Mathew (III) Jose Tom

B (I) Claris James (II) Bosna Theres (III) Theresa Antony

C (I) Rosina Xavier (II) Smitha Joseph (III) Sr. Sonia Maria CMC

D (I) Tessy Joseph (II) Jomon Chavarapuzha ( III) Sr. Ann Maria CMC

E (I) Thresiamma Joseph (II) Mary George (III) Thresiamma Jose Ozhukayil

10. Kannur

A (I) Jancy George (II) Rose Maria Manoj

B (I) Princy Francis (II) Nivya Sebastian (III) Sonia Raju

C (I) Prince Francis (II) Suja Sebastian (III) Naicy C. Thambi

D (I) Joicy James (II) Sr. Vineetha (III) Celine Rajan

E (I) Sr. Ajam DSS (II) Sr. Maria Amala AC (III) M.O. Thomas

11. Kollam

A (I) Sneha David (II) Ayas Alex (III) Fredy K. Bency

B (I) Godwin Vimal JoseD (I) Prameela Joy

(II) Sonia Mary (III) Sr. Jophy Mary

E (I) Sr. Perpetua Mary (II) Leelamma Wilfred (III) Alphonsa A.

12. Kothamangalam

A (I) Amala Xavi (II) Elseena Thomas

(III) Josmy JamesB (I) Jincy Jolly

(II) Sebin Roy (III) Dinta Baby

C (I) Sr. Jesleena CSN (II) Sr. Jenny Maria CMC (III) Sr. Kripa Maria SH

D (I) Sr. Saleena SD (II) Swapna Thekkeveettil (III) Rose Mary Gigi

E (I) Chinnamma Thomas (II) Aleykutty Thomas

(III) Sr. Blase CMC

13. Kottappuram

A (I) Sajil Antony (II) Sinjiya Saju (III) Aqulin Mendez

B (I) Dilma Williams (II) Linda Rose Johnson (III) Nimisha Thankachan

C (I) Treesa Tintu (II) Jilna Antony (III) Sr. Marfin Karmu

D (I) Francis Kunnel (II) Shermy Karmu (III) Sindhu Johnson

E (I) Elsy Thomas (II) Elsy P.A. (III) Irin Shelly

14. Kottayam

A (I) Sharon LalB (I) Jobitha Joy

(II) Tinu Angelina Paul (III) Jitumol S.

C (I) Antony Andrews (II) Ancey James (III) Anu Edison

D (I) Dr. Reeny Joy (II) Sheela Paul (III) Lalu Joseph

E (I) Mary Xavier (II) Mary Thomas (III) Omana Francis

(II) Ann Kurian (III) Anu Stephen

C (I) Sr. Jeeva SVM (II) Tity Thomas (III) Shibilha Baby

D (I) Jomol Saji (II) Sherly Taju (III) Saly Stephen

E (I) Luckose V.K. (II) Daisy Mathew (III) Mary Thomas Thottathil

15. Kozhikkode

A (I) Emmanuel Jose (II) Nithuna Xavier

(III) Uday K.R.B (I) Jislin Thaithara

(II) Jijo George (III) Jibin Shaji

C (I) Rima Martin (II) Sr. Maria Lena (III) Nima Jose C

D (I) Sr. Asha Mary (II) Anice K.V. (III) Delsy Tom

E (I) Sr. Maria Suman (II) Sr. Grace MPV (III) Mary Gomes

16. Mananthavady

A (I) Don Jose Mathew (II) Anju Molath (III) Jithu Joseph

B (I) Treesa Moolakkarayil (II) Rose Mary Moolakkarayil (III) Jasmin Jose

C (I) Nisha Kollammattel (II) Sr. Sabitha Jose CMC (III) Leena Linu Pulikkal

D (I) Sr. Rosna John SH

(II) Sr. Rosmin CMC (III) Sr. Yancy Abraham SH

E (I) Achamma Thomas (II) Chinnamma Mathew (III) Alphonsa Kottarappilly

17. Mavelikkara

A (I) Ancy Kunjumon (II) Vimal Wilson

(III) Ashish K. SajanB (I) Ajin John

(II) Jithin John (III) Jeevan Saji

C (I) Roseetta Abraham (II) Jini Mary Philip

(III) Jiji L.Thomas D (I) Sr. Elseena S.H.

(II) Thresiamma Varghese (III) Sainu Joseph E (I) Rosamma Geevarghese

(II) Mariyamma T. John

18. Muvattupuzha

A (I) Sandra ShajiB (I) Lidiya Babu

(II) Aleena Mathew (III) Roshni Philip

C (I) Reshma Mary Zacharia (II) Bro. Nithin Kallampilly (III) Lijimol V.R.

D (I) Biji Mohanan (II) Alice Mathew Thadathil (III) Magi Babu

E (I) Sr. Lalithya SIC (II) Gracy Paulose

19. Neyyattinkara

A (I) Tincy Raj S.S (II) Navya A.S. (III) Jima Jose

B (I) Haritha John (II) Kavitha John (III) Roja G.J.

C (I) Irvin Binil

(II) Sajithra R.S. (III) Soumya Kannaravila

D (I) Ajitha K.S. (II) Ancy Ajith (III) Mary Mercy

E (I) Pushpam Kannaravila (II) Sr. Maria Varkkey (III) Sugandhi Bai

20. Palai

A (I) Anto Jose (II) Emmanuel Mariyan (III) Priya Toms

B (I) Emlin Thomson (II) Renjith Poovathumkal (III) Lidiya George

C (I) Sr. Angel Rose (II) Sr. Betty LAR (III) Minu Thomas

D (I) Beena Johny (II) Beena Jacob (III) Alice Mathew Pullattu

E (I) Sr. Annie Kallarangattu FCC (II) Sr. Anit CMC (III) K.V. Chacko

21. Palakkad

A (I) Jibin Pious (II) Abi Abraham (III) Anila Mathew

B (I) Sangeetha Sajeev (II) Shaun Thomas (III) Rini Simon

C (I) Sr. Anjaly Maria DDP (II) Rose Sweety

(III) Nithin JoseD (I) Marykutty Joseph

(II) Poulose E.P. (III) Sonia Mathew

E (I) Sr. Finbar CMC (II) John K.V. (III) Philomina Sebastian

2726

22. Pathanamthitta

A (I) Rinsu Anna Roy (II) Abin Biju (III) Noble Titus Chacko

B (I) Smitha Shaji (II) Sherina N. Moni

C (I) Elizabeth Jose (II) Elsa Bijinu (III) Deepthi Ann

MathewD (I) Marykutty Raju

(II) Sherly Moni (III) Rosly Roy

E (I) Mariam George (II) Susy K. Jacob (III) Rachel Mathew

23. Punalur

A (I) Sen Sabu (II) Jils Justus (III) Elizabeth B.C.

B (I) Jithin Xavier Justus (II) Meenu Robin (III) Subitha B.

C (I) Jeethu Angel Justus (II) Jessy Kunjumon

(III) Cisy MathewD (I) Sr. Treesa Nisha (II) Jiji Justus

(III) Lovely JacobE (I) John D.

(II) Nirmala Thottathil (III) Joseph T. Martin

24. Ramanathapuram

B (I) Aleena George (II) Jesslin Emmanuel

C (I) Sr. Dharsana FCC (II) Sr. Tincy CHF

D (I) Jancy Michael (II) Mercy George

E (I) K.M. Mathew (II) Luciamma Scaria

(III) V.O. Scaria

25. Thalassery

A (I) Isac Kumaramparambil (II) Alphonsa Madakkampurath (III) Kochuthresia

B (I) Maria Vallanattu (II) Anna Thompunnayil (III) Jacob Munjanattu

C (I) Alwin Pallippadan (II) Maria Thompunnayil

D (I) Siji Mylackal (II) Jessy Vattakkatt (III) Jovan Mecheriyil

E (I) John Thalachira (II) Thresiamma Narimattathil (III) Michael Vadakkett

26. Thamarassery

A (I) Beatrise Vattapalath (II) Sona Maria Saju (III) Alan Thankachan

B (I) Jacob Sid Mathew (II) Aiswaria Joseph (III) Maria (Aparna)

C (I) Anusha Kannamkulam (II) Nithya Puthussery MSMI (III) Ancy Mathew

D (I) Jainy Biju (II) Beena Abrham (III) Siby Thottappallil

E (I) Mathew Thomas (II) Annamma Paulose (III) Cicily Thomas

27. Thiruvalla

A (I) Binni Maria Babu (II) Keciya Ann Christy

B (I) Levin A. Joseph (II) Akhila Sara Mathew (III) Maria Chacko

C (I) Jomcymol Jose (II) Bindhu C. Kurian

D (I) Margret John

(II) Lisy SabuE (I) Jolly Mathai

(II) Philomina Thomas (III) Thresiamma Thomas

28. Trichur

A (I) Ditty Devassy (II) Godwin A.J. (III) Aleesha K.B.

B (I) Rose Muttath (II) Rennya T.K. (III) Reshma Pious

C (I) Jeni P.J. (II) Anisha Louis (III) Sherin Francis

D (I) Francy P.F. (II) Stanlin Raphel (III) Bindhu Sony

E (I) Dr. Elsy Jose (II) Philomina Baby (III) Sherly Thomas

29. Trivandrum (L)

A (I) Godwin Resnick (II) Surya J.S. (III) Reethu Maria

B (I) Mary Joseph (II) Deepu Sebastian (III) Jovita Mary

C (I) Deuna G. Noble (II) Neethu Ben (III) Jesna Das

D (I) Janet Simi Rozario (II) Lettesia Pereira (III) Laila A.

E (I) Prema Alexander (II) Mable Johnson (III) Irene Nelson

30. Trivandrum (M)

A (I) Ann Mary Abraham (II) Sandra S. Maria (III) Sneha Babu

B (I) Shini K. Shajan

(II) Shimi K. Shajan C (I) Beena S.R. D (I) Lincy Joseph

(II) Dr. Mercy Sabu (III) Mercy Bright

E (I) Roy Joseph (II) Elsamma Thomas (III) Jolly Sebastian

31. Verapoly

A (I) Elton Benjamin D’ Souza (II) Hinjins S. Raymond (III) Aswin George

B (I) Geethu Varghese (II) Aleena Thomas (III) Adona Thomas

C (I) Liny Elsa Manuel (II) Nestor P. Simon (III) Maria Merin Antony

D (I) Beena Biju (II) George Xavier (III) Danny Gilbert

E (I) Annie Augustine (II) Lucy Paul (III) Euphresia Thomas

32. Vijayapuram

A (I) Aleena Antony (II) Angel Mary Dennis

(III) Arpan BinuB (I) Jithin P. Antony

(II) Josephine Ashna (III) Bindhu Puthenpurackal

C (I) Sr. Mary Josna DIH (II) Nisha David (III) Sr. Sibila Maradiyil

D (I) Molly Mathew (II) Sr. Elsita DIH (III) Elsamma Nadukkekalayil

E (I) Brijith Joseph (II) Cathreena (Chinnamma) (III) Mary Mathew Vattakuzhiyil

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