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CI3.44:Jdl
Low Temperature Mechanical Properties Of Copper and Selected Copper AlloysA Compilation From the Literature
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCENATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS
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C 13,
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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
Alexander B. Trowbridge, Secretary
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS A. V. Astin, Director
Low Temperature Mechanical Properties
Of Copper and Selected Copper Alloys
A Compilation From the Literature
Richard P. Reed and Ritchie P. Mikesell
Institute for Materials ResearchNational Bureau of Standards
Boulder, Colorado 80302
National Bureau of Standards Monograph 101
Issued December 1, 1967
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, t ,S. Government Printing Office Washington. D.C. 20402 - Price $2.75
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ContentsPage
Introduction................................................................................................................ vList of abbreviations.................................................................................................... viI. Average mechanical properties of copper and its alloys quick reference graphs
Copper............................................................................................................... 2Cu-Zn (brass)........................................................................................................ 4Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze)......................................................................................... 6Cu-Si (silicon bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si.......................................................................... 8Cu-Ni................................................................................................................. 10Cu-Al-Fe (aluminum bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-Ni.......................................... ............... 12
II. Compilation of mechanical property results on copper and its alloys tables and figuresCopper............................................................................................................... 18Cu-Zn alloys
Cu-5Zn (gliding metal).................................................................................... 54Cu-lOZn (commercial bronze)........................................................................... 58Cu- 15Zn (red brass)....................................................................................... 62Cu-20Zn(low brass)....................................................................................... 68Cu-28Zn-lSn (admiralty brass)......................................................................... 71Cu-30Zn (cartridge brass)................................................................................ 75Cu-35Zn (yellow brass)................................................................................... 81Cu-39Zn-lSn (naval brass).............................................................................. 85Cu-40Zn (Muntz metal)................................................................................... 91
Cu-Ni alloysCu-lONi...................................................................................................... %Cu-20Ni...................................................................................................... 100Cu-SONi...................................................................................................... 104Cu-45Ni..................................................................................................... 108
Cu-Ni-Si alloys.................................................................................................... IllCu-Si alloys (silicon bronze).................................................................................... 114Cu-Sn alloys (phosphor bronze)............................................................................... 120Cu-Al alloys (aluminum bronze)............................................................................... 128Cu-Al-Ni alloys (nickel aluminum bronze).................................................................. 136
III. Reference guide for mechanical propertiesReview papers.................................................................................................... 144Copper............................................................................................................... 145Cu-Zn (brass)....................................................................................................... 146Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze), Cu-Al (aluminum bronze), Cu-Ni........................................... 147Other Cu alloys (specific)....................................................................:.................. 148Many Cu alloys (together)...................................................................................... 149
IV. List of references...................................................................................................151
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 67-60379
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Low-Temperature Mechanical Properties of Copper and SelectedCopper Alloys
A Compilation From the Literature
R. P. Reed and R. P. Mikesell
In the past 60 years considerable data has accumulated concerning the mechanical properties of copper and its alloys. It was felt that there was a great need to adequately document these results in one publication. Therefore a unique type of compilation is presented. The compilation is divided into four parts. The first section is intended for quick reference use for those who are interested in average values. The second section includes data from most of the investigators who have pub lished results on the mechanical properties of copper and its alloys. The third section is composed of tables classifying the investigations which were not included in section two. These usually involve investigations in which data were obtained only at one temperature, such as room temperature. The fourth section lists, in alphabetical order, all references used.
Key words: compilation, copper, copper alloys, low temperature, mechanical properties.
Introduction
In the past 60 years considerable data have been accumu lated concerning the mechanical properties of copper and its alloys. Earlier investigations were primarily concerned with hardness, tensile strength, creep, and fatigue of copper at ambient temperatures and above. Gradually, with the introduction of new alloys and low temperature testing techniques, the scope of materials, temperature, and type of tests has broadened. However, it is not possible to find in one publication an adequate and thorough compilation concerning the mechanical properties of copper alloys. It was felt that the need for such a publication was great. With this in mind, we are grateful to the International Copper Research Association (INCRA) and to the Copper Development Association for funding this compilation.
The selection of the alloys was based on INCRA advice. They include pure copper plus some of the common solid solution copper alloys (copper-zinc, copper-nickel, copper- aluminum) and some age-hardened alloys (aluminum bronzes, copper silicon, copper-zirconium). The only major alloy group which was omitted but perhaps should have been included is the copper-beryllium series. However, this group was included in the Cryogenic Materials Data Handbook,* and the reader is advised to refer to this pub lication to obtain references and average properties for copper-beryllium alloys.
The compilation is divided into four sections. Section I is intended for quick reference use for those who are inter ested in average values. Section II includes data from most of the investigators who have published results on the mechanical properties of copper and its alloys. Section III is composed of tables classifying the investigations which were not included in Section II. These usually involve investigations in which data were obtained only at one temperature, such as room temperature. Section IV lists, in alphabetical order, all references used in this compi lation. The preceeding paragraphs serve to document the procedures followed in this compilation.
The average values, plotted on pages 2 to 13 are esti mated from the curves of Section II. Common material conditions for which data are available are included. How ever, in cases where it was thought that the data may not be representative or where only scattered, possibly unre liable data points are available, then that particular alloy or condition or temperature region was omitted.
Section II includes all available mechanical property data for the selected alloys with two exceptions. If investi gators included only single temperature data (such as room temperature) and not time-dependent curves (such as stress- strain, fatigue, or creep) then the data were not included. Investigations of this nature which usually document trends
Obtained through Office of Technical Service*, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, D.C., designated PB 171809.
of tensile properties or hardness as a function of metal lurgical variables, such as grain size or irradiation, are listed in the tables of Section III. Some experimental data, particularly those obtained from single crystals, were not included in Section II. These data usually represent the results of flow stress, microstrain, or elastic constant experimental work. All references of Sections II and III are included in Section IV. In Section II the table adjacent to each graph lists all pertinent experimental and material information. If experimental or material details are omitted, it is because the information was not available in the reference. All individual temperature data points are plotted. However, the point at each temperature represents an average of the individual tests performed at the given temperature. Creep and fatigue curves for a given temper ature are average curves. Stress-strain curves were only included if the stress and strain were continuously recorded to fracture. Again, it seems appropriate to emphasize that if information is lacking on either the tables or the graphs, it may be assumed that the reference has failed to include it.
Considerable effort was made to present all of the usable data from the literature. Articles as early as 1895 are in cluded. No data, regardless of its suspected reliability, were deliberately omitted. All temperature points are included even though some of them are probably in error. Great importance was placed in presenting all of the data in Section II, so that an informed observer could use his own discretion in evaluating the data. Part of the program sponsored by INCRA included tensile, notch tensile, and elastic modulus tests from 300 to 4 K and impact tests from 300 to 20 K. The results of this test program are referenced in Section II under reference number 1.
Many papers included reliable data on copper and its alloys which did not fall within the scope of the compilation. It was felt that these articles should be included in the bibli ography and somehow referenced. The tables in Section III are the result. By referral to these, the reader may note the articles in which specific tests have been performed on a given alloy series. It is thought that these reference tables will also be valuable to the reader in describing the various tests that have been performed on a specific alloy. Similarly, knowledge may be obtained regarding the investigations of specific metallurgical parameters (such as irradiation on a given alloy or alloy series). About 30 review papers are included in the references and are listed in the table on page 144. Discretion was used in choosing these papers, since many more exist in published form, particularly in trade journals. In a few cases, data were taken directly from a review paper, since the source of the data could not be adequately located nor referenced.
Over 700 individual papers were examined and data were selected from the 465 references listed in Section IV. We
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have undoubtedly missed some pertinent references, ft however it is hoped that these omissions are minimal. ft-lb
Finally, for a publication of this magnitude, many others G.L. have taken part. The authors wish to thank L. Berenbaum gm and W. Hawkesworth who have helped in the preparation G.S. of the tables and graphs. Mrs. L. Cottony provided valuable hr assistance in the procurement of over 700 papers which K were examined in this Monograph. The authors wish to Kc.p.s. express their gratitude to L. Ericks, who was responsible kgm for the majority of the figure drafting, and to Mrs. C. Dall- KT man, who performed most of the typing. Also, as previously stated, the authors are indebted to the International Copper Research Association, who have provided the necessary funds for the performance of this program.
foot, feetfoot-poundgage lengthgramgrain sizehourdegrees Kelvinkilocycles per secondkilogramstress concentration factor
List of Abbreviations
ASTM American Society for Testing Materialsapprox. approximatelyatmos. atmosphereBal. balance C degrees Celsius (centigrade)c.p.m. cycles per minutec.p.s. cycles per seconddiam. diameter F degrees Fahrenheit
Mc.p.s. mm
nvt
psi R
r.p.m.R(J-)sec.temp.U.T.S.Y.S.
L/2 distance between notchesnotch radius
megacycle per second millimeters
integrated fluxpounds per square inchratio of applied minimum to maximum stress in
fatigue tests revolutions per minute Rockwell hardness number, scale (x) second temperatureultimate tensile strength yield strength
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Section I
In this section average values, taken from all investiga tions used in Sections II and III, are plotted. This is intended for quick reference.
ContentsPage
Mechanical properties of copper........................................................... 2Mechanical properties of Cu-Zn (brass).................................................. 4Mechanical properties of Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze)................................... 6Mechanical properties of Cu-Si (silicon bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si.................... 8Mechanical properties of Cu-Ni............................................................ 10Mechanical properties of Cu-Al-Fe (aluminum bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-Ni......... 12
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Mechanical Properties of Copper
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 IOO 200 300 400 50O
TEMPERATURE, F -4OO -30O -200 -100 0 IOO 2OO 300 4OO 5OO
100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE, K
STRENGTH OF COPPER
IOO 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
ELONGATION OF COPPER
IOO
TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -IOO 0 IOO 20O 300 4OO 5OO
100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
REDUCTION OF AREA OF COPPER
500
TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 IOO 200 300 400 500160
IOO 200 300 400 5OO TEMPERATURE, K
HARDNESS OF COPPER
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Mechanical Properties of Copper
TEMPERATURE, F-460-400 -30O -2OO -100 0 IOO 200 300 400 5OO 160
100
80
20Cast , Charpy Keyhole
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
IMPACT ENERGY OF COPPER
10 id 16 10 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hourCREEP BEHAVIOR OF COPPER
TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 30O 400 50O
10 10 10 10FATIGUE LIFE, cycles
FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF COPPER
24 --
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY MODULUS? OF RIGIDITYT"}T~"TT-
r
"Co/d Drawn 4%
tOO 200 300 40O 50OTEMPERATURE K
MODULUS OF COPPER
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Mechanical Properties of Cu-Zn (Brass)
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 5OO
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 500
90
70
o 50
30
, 60 - 40, Cold Worked 25 %
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
STRENGTH OF Cu-Zn (Brass)
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE,K
ELONGATION OF Cu-Zn (Brass)
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
60-40, Cold Worked 25%'90 10, Hard
9O-10, Annealed-
0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE,"K
REDUCTION OF AREA OF Cu-Zn (Brass)
TEMPERATURE,F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
,i....--f- , Brinnell (3000 kgm)
100 200 300 400 5OO TEMPERATURE, K
HARDNESS OF Cu-Zn (Brass)
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Mechanical Properties of Cu-Zn (Brass)
TEMPERATURE,F -4OO -3OO -2OO -100 0 100 ZOO 300 400 5OO
t 9O-/0, I / Annealed, Charpy V \
90-IO, Drawn 27% Charpy Keyhole
[6O-4O,Annealed, Izod
"60-39-1 Sn, Annealed, Charpy V
', 60 - 40, Cold Worked 17%, I Allemande, V-Notch
100 2OO 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Zn (Brass)
10 10' 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles
FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Zn (Brass)
I00xl0 k
60
40
20
108
._ 6
CO laJo:
1.0 0.8
0.6
0.2
6O-4O, Annealed 422 K(3OOF)^
_j~90-10, Hard _ \ ~^\ ,473K(390FT
15-15, Annealed ,_...j.._. 422K(3OOF)
0, Annealed 478K(4OOF)
10 10 10 10 10 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hourCREEP BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Zn (Brass)
TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 5OO
32 x I06
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY MODULUS OF RIGIDITY '*
/- 85-15, Annealed
^60-40, Annealed
6O-39-I Sn, Annealed
9O-IO, Cold Drawn
65-35, Cold Drawn
100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
MODULUS OF Cu-Zn (Brass)
50O
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Mechanical Properties of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 500
320 x !03 T
TEMPERATURE,F -4OO -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 3OO 400 500
280
(/> 160UJQC
80
YIELD
4 - I - 4- -t +- ..--
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Mechanical Properties of Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)
160
TEMPERATURE, F -4OO -300 -2OO -100 0 100 200 3OO 4OO 500
100 200 300 400 5OO TEMPERATURE, K
IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)
I0b 10 IOB FATIGUE LIFE, cycles
FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Sn (Phosphor Bronze)
Cu'5Sn(GradeA}, Drawn 84%, 422K(3OOF}
__ _U4.-4 U-iU- 1 --Cu-5Sn(Gra
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Mechanical Properties of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 3OO 4OO 500
280
100 200 300 400 5OO TEMPERATURE, K
STRENGTH OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) AND Cu-Ni-Si
80 -
Cu-3Si, Annealed
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
ELONGATION OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) AND Cu-Ni-Si
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200-100 0 100 200 300 400 500
Cu-4S
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Mechanical Properties of Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -3OO -200 -100 0 100 200 30O 4OO 500
100
80
Cu-2NtISi, Aged, Charpy V | j j ]
tCu-3Si, Annealed, Charpy V t
__ _i ____jI I !
\Cu-3Si, Hard, Charpy V \
100 200 300 4OO 500 TEMPERATURE, K
IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) AND Cu-Ni-Si
10 10 10 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles
FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si
TEMPERATURE, F-4OO -300 -200 -100 O 100 2OO 300 400 50O
32x!06j1
10' 10" 10" 10CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour CREEP BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) and Cu-Ni-Si
MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
500100 200 3OO 400 TEMPERATURE,K
MODULUS OF Cu-Si (Silicon Bronze) AND Cu-Ni-Si
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Mechanical Properties of Cu-Ni
I60xl0 s
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
\] \9O-IO, Annealed, Notched\ >w A |
Drawn 4O %
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE,K
STRENGTH OF Cu-Ni
100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE, K
ELONGATION OF Cu-Ni
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE, K
REDUCTION OF AREA OF Cu-Ni
TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
120
40
20
90-10, Annealed , Charpy V 7O-30,Annealed, Charpy V
/ 7O-3O,Welded, Charpy V \
\ / 70 -3O, Anneoted, Cherpy Key ho le
70-30,Cost, Charpy Keyhole
100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE, K
IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Ni
10
-
Mechanical Properties of Cu-Ni
I06 I07 I08FATIGUE LIFE, cycles
FATIGUE BEHAVIOR OF Cu-Ni
1.0 0.8
0.6
rllil-ntlt-^7O-30, Drown 84 % , 537 KfSdr'FJ
..... i 4.}
t ;-+--
!0~ 10 10 10CREEP RATE , inches per inch per hour
CREEP BEHAVIOR OF Cu - Ni
TEMPERATURE, F . -400 -3OO -200 -IOO 0 IOO 200 300 400 500
100 200 300 400TEMPERATURE, K
MODULUS OF Cu-Ni
50O
261-278 O-672 11
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Mechanical Properties of Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-NiTEMPERATURE, F
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500320 x I0 3
120
,Cu-TAI -2Fe, Annealed, 1 Notched
,Cu-IOAI-3Fe, Annealed
,Cu-9AI-3Fe, Annealed
Cu-IOAI-5Ni-3Fe, Cast
Cu-IOAI-5Ni-3Fe, CastCu-8AI-IFe, Cast
100 200 300 400 500TEMPERATURE, K
STRENGTH OF Cu - Al - Fe (Aluminum Bronze)and Cu-AI-Ni-Fe
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
Cu-7AI -2Fe, Annealed
Cu-IOAl-5Ni - 3Fe, Cast Cu-lOAI -5Ni -4Fe, Cold Drawn
> 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
ELONGATION OF Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) AND Cu-AI-Ni-Fe
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200-100 0 100 200 300 400 500
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE,K
REDUCTION OF AREA OF Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) AND Cu-AI-Ni-Fe
120
Cu-!OAI-5Ni-3Fe, Cold Rolled, Brinell ( 30OO Kgm)
Cu -10At - 5Ni - 3Fe, Aged, Brine II ( 30OO Kgm )
Cu - 8AI - 3 Fe , Annealed Brtnell { 3OOO Kgm)
100 500200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
HARDNESS OFOrAI-Fe(Aluminum Bronze) AND Cu-AI-Ni-Fe
12
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Mechanical Properties of Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) and Cu-Al-Fe-Ni
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 5OO
100 x 10
140
60
Cu-8AI - 3Fe, Annealed, Charpy V
,Cu - IDA!, Cost, Charpy V
Cu-IOAl-5Ni- 3Fe, Annealed, Izod
0 100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
IMPACT ENERGY OF Cu-Al-Fe (Aluminum Bronze) AND Cu-AI-Ni-Fe
70
60
20
Cu-9AI -INi- tFe, 7?K (-322F)
Cu-IOAl, Annealed, I 295K(7IF)
Cu -9AI~INi-!Fe, I95K(-IO9 0F)
Cu -9AI-INi -1Fe, 294K(?OF)
. Cu-IOAI-5N
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Section II
Mechanical property data from all investigations for copper and its alloys.
15
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ContentsPage
CopperTensile and yield strength.................................................... 18Tensile and yield strength (electrolytic tough pitch}................... 22Tensile and yield strength (oxygen-free high-conductivity)......... 23Tensile and yield strength (phosphorized)................................ 25Tensile elongation.............................................................. 26Tensile elongation (electrolytic tough pitch)............................. 29Tensile elongation (oxygen-free high-conductivity)..................... 30Tensile elongation (phosphorized).......................................... 30Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 31Tensile reduction of area (electrolytic tough pitch).................... 34Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 35Tensile stress-strain curves (electrolytic tough pitch)................. 37Hardness.......................................................................... 37Impact energy................................................................... 38Fatigue behavior................................................................ 40Fatigue behavior (electrolytic tough pitch)............................... 42Fatigue behavior (oxygen-free high-conductivity)....................... 43Creep behavior.................................................................. 44Creep behavior (electrolytic tough pitch)................................. 47Creep behavior (oxygen-free high-conductivity)......................... 48Stress-rupture behavior....................................................... 49Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 51Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 53
95Cu-5Zn (gliding metal)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 54Tensile elongation.............................................................. 54Tensile" reduction of area..................................................... 55Impact energy................................................................... 55Fatigue behavior................................................................ 56Creep behavior.................................................................. 56Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 57Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 57
90Cu-10Zn (commercial bronze)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 58Tensile elongation.............................................................. 58Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 59Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 59Impact energy................................................................... 60Fatigue behavior................................................................ 60Creep behavior.................................................................. 61Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 61Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 62
85Cu-15Zn (red brass)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 62Tensile elongation.............................................................. 63Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 63Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 64Impact energy................................................................... 64Fatigue behavior................................................................ 65Creep behavior.................................................................. 66Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 67Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 67
80Cu-20Zn (low brass)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 68Tensile elongation.............................................................. 68Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 69Impact energy................................................................... 69Fatigue behavior................................................................ 70Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 70
71Cu-28Zn-lSn (admiralty brass)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 71Tensile elongation.............................................................. 71Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 72Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 72I mpact energy................................................................... 73Creep behavior.................................................................. 73Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 74Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 74
70Cu-30Zn (cartridge brass)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 75Tensile elongation.............................................................. 76Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 76
Page
70Cu-30Zn (cartridge brass) (continued)Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 77Impact energy................................................................... 77Fatigue behavior............................................................... 78Creep behavior.................................................................. 80Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 81
65Cu-35Zn (yellow brass)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 81Tensile elongation.............................................................. 82Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 82Impact energy................................................................... 83Fatigue behavior................................................................ 83Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 84Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 84
60Cu-39Zn-lSn (naval brass)Tensile and yield strength................................................... 85Shear strength................................................................... 85Tensile elongation.............................................................. 86Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 86Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 87Hardness.......................................................................... 87Impact energy................................................................... 88Fatigue behavior................................................................ 88Creep behavior.................................................................. 89Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 90Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 90
60Cu-40Zn (Muntz metal)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 91Tensile elongation.............................................................. 91Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 92Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 92Hardness.......................................................................... 93Impact energy................................................................... 93Fatigue behavior................................................................ 94Creep behavior.................................................................. 95Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 95
90Cu-10NiTensile and yield strength.................................................... 96Tensile elongation.............................................................. 96Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 97Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 97Impact energy................................................................... 98Fatigue behavior................................................................ 98Creep behavior.................................................................. 99Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 99
80Cu-20NiTensile and yield strength.................................................... 100Tensile elongation.............................................................. 100Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 101Impact energy................................................................... 101Fatigue behavior................................................................ 102Creep behavior.................................................................. 103Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 103
70Cu-30NiTensile and yield strength.................................................... 104Tensile elongation.............................................................. 104Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 105Tensile stress-strain............................................................ 105Impact energy................................................................... 106Fatigue behavior................................................................ 106Creep behavior.................................................................. 107Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 108
55Cu-45NiTensile and yield strength.................................................... 108Tensile elongation.............................................................. 109Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 109Impact energy................................................................... HOFatigue behavior................................................................ 110
Cu-Ni-SiTensile and yield strength.................................................... HITensile elongation.............................................................. IllTensile reduction of area..................................................... 112
16
-
PageCu-Ni-Si (continued)
Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 112Impact energy................................................................... 113Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 113
Cu-Si (silicon bronze)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 114Tensile elongation.............................................................. 114Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 115Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 115Impact energy................................................................... 116Fatigue behavior................................................................ 116Creep behavior.................................................................. 118Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 119
Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze)
Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 120Shear strength................................................................... 121Tensile elongation.............................................................. 121Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 122Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 122Hardness.......................................................................... 123Impact energy................................................................... 123Fatigue behavior................................................................ 124Creep behavior.................................................................. 126Stress-rupture behavior....................................................... 126
Page
Cu-Sn (phosphor bronze) (continued)Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 127Modulus of rigidity............................................................. 127
Cu-Al (aluminum bronze)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 128Tensile elongation.............................................................. 129Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 131Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 132Hardness.......................................................................... 132Impact energy................................................................... 133Fatigue behavior................................................................ 134Creep behavior.................................................................. 135Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 135
Cu-Al-INi (nickel-aluminum bronze)Tensile and yield strength.................................................... 136Tensile elongation.............................................................. 137Tensile reduction of area..................................................... 137Tensile stress-strain curves.................................................. 138Hardness.......................................................................... 138Impact energy................................................................... 139Fatigue behavior................................................................ 139Creep behavior.................................................................. 140Modulus of elasticity........................................................... 140
17
-
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper
TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
.-|3_
CURVE
NO.
66a
66b
66c
66d
66e
66f
236*
270b
270c
279a
282
302 b
459a
459b
Annealed. Wire sample -0.030 inch diam. , all samples
tsmperatures 482' to 1742'F.
AnnaUd 482T - 1 hr. in air - 0.012mm. G. S. Wire sample - 0.030 Inch diam. , all samples from same wire. Y. S.-O. 5% strain.
Annealed 662 T - 1 hr., Ha atmos. - 0.015mm. C. S. Other specifications same as 66b.
Annealed 1022T - 1 hr., H, atmos. - 0.030mm. G. S. Other specifications same as 66 b.
Annealed 1J82T - 1 hr. , H a atmos. -0.045mm. G. S. Other specifications same as 66b.
Annealed 1742T - 1 hr., H a atmos. ~ 0.090mm. grain site. Other specifications same as 66b.
Annealed 932 'F - 5 hrs. Bar sample -0.2 inch diam. , strain rate : 1000 inches/inch/sec.
inch diam. , crosshead rate = 0.05 inch/minute,
-
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper
CURVE
NO
78a
78b
89a
145a
316a
Annealed 1382F -after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar
diam., crosshead rate = 0.26 inch/m.nule.
Annealed 1382F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch
,O, 0. 03Ni
0. 455i. 0. 05Fe, 0.05F, 0.02As
0. IPb
0.23As
0. 32As, 0. 02P 0.02Fe
0, 46Te, 0. 01P
REF.
NO.
78
78
78
89
316
316
CURVE
NO.
78c
91a
253b
279b
28 5a
316b
"316c
31bd
4bOa
406
46Oc
460 d
Hard.
diam. Wire sample - 0.033 inch diam.
Drawn 80. 7% from hot rolled bar, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 110 inch diam.
Dwn 67. 9% from ho, rolled -,.,. bar .uppli.d - 1/4 inch
0. 083 inch diam.
0. 110 inch diam.
Worked.
0.01% strain.
Cold drawn 21% - RB = 45. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam.
Y.S. - O.Z% offset.
Drawn 37%, bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. Y . S. - 0.2% offset.
sample - 0.099 inch diam. . constant load applied while
specifications same as 460a.
Cold drawn 50.8%. Wire sample - 0.080 inch diam. Other
.PiSrj.v.m. aw,ir46orple - 57inchdiam - ther
COMPOSITION 53
Z53
253
253
253
279
235
316
316
316
460
460
460
460
TEMPERATURE, C F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 500
160x1!
150
140
130
120
110
100
S. 90CO53 80ac K w 70
60
50
40
30
20
10
YIELD
ANNEALED.._4.
100 200 3OO 400 5OO TEMPERATURE, K
TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 50O
150
140
!30
120
no
100
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
COLD WORKED
YIELD
100 200 30O 40O 5OO TEMPERATURE, K
19
-
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper
CURVE
NO.
n
Cu
?9. 54
>9.84
J9.9
Zn Sn At Ni Other
0.08O
0. 13A8, 0. 13O, 0. lOPb, 0, 08Sn. O.OZFe
0. 08O, 0.015
REF,
NO.
^^
n
28
179
210
302
422
465
465
465
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
CURVE
NO.
li
lj
92*
143*
143b
18 U
*81b
18 Ic
*9b
Aged 450'C - 1 hr. - O.a03mm, C. S. - RB = 68 - after
85-90%, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - re-
crohead speed ~ O.OZ inch/minute.
Other specifications same as li.
Heated 1562'F - l/t hr. - water quenched. Y.S. - O.Z* train.
Aged 750 to 800 T - 1 to 1 hr. , - Rg = 48 - after cold drawing 75%. bar supplied - 3 inch dUm. Bar .ample - reduced section - 1.2.5 inches long X 0.48 inch diam. , Y.S. - 0.2% offset.
RB - 57. Other specifications same a* 143a.
Aged at 752 T - after cold drawing 54%. Bar cample - 0.25 inch diam., crosshead .peed -- O.OE inch/minute.
0.25 inch diam., crosshead .peed = 0.02 inch/minute.
Aged 842 T - after cold drawing 84%. Bar (ample - 0.25 inch diarn.rcroasjhead apeed - 0.02 inch/minute.
Aged ("fully heat treated"), bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. . cro.ihead .peed = 0. 1 inch/minute.
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
Sal
39.77
J9.84
99.82
99.85
99.85
99.3
W. 4
Zn
Zr, t appro
Sn
timat
At
emeu
am
Ni
slre
as 1
Other
0. 18Zr, 16ppm Ag, 12ppm S. 2ppm A., 5ppm Sb, < 3PPm 0
0.23Zr
0. 16Zr
0. 18Zr
0. 15Zr
0. 15Zr
0. 7Cr
0.6Cr
REF.
NO.
]
1
92
143
143
281
281
281
298
100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
500
20
-
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper
CURVE
NO.
190a
190c
190e
195b
Z52a
25Zb
367g
367i
395a
395b
395c
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
A* cast, oxygen-free high -conductivity. Bar cample, 2 tests/temp.
As cast, phosphorized. bar supplied. I tests/temp.
alow neutrons/cm a/sec . - total dose was 5.1 X 10 ls alow neutrons/cm a - after annealing at 842 T - 1 hr. , oxygen- free high-conductivity, wire supplied - 0.080 inch diam. Wire cample - 6 inches long X 0.048 inch diam. , strain rate = 0.000082 inch/inch/sec.. Y.S. - 0.2% offset.
Hot rolled, electrolytic tough pitch, bar supplied - 1.58 inches square. Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.
Hot rolled, bar supplied - 1. 58 inches square. Y.S. - 0.2% offset.
Drawn 34.8% at 302'F - 5 tests at -310'F. Other
Irradiated with 10 17 neutrons/cm 3 .
Irradiated with 10 1 * neutrons/cm 3.
Irradiated with 10 19 neutrons/cm 3 .
swaging 50%, wire supplied - 0.085 inch diam. Wire
0.013mm. G. S. Other specifications same as 433a.
Cu
>9.99
99.96 99. "98
99. 5
99. 999
Zn
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Sn At Ni Other
0. 5Mg
REF
NO.
190
190
190
195
252
252
367
367
367
367
395
395
395
433
433
433
TEMPERATURE, F -4OO -3OO -200 -100 O 100 200 300 4OO 500
200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
500
CURVE
NO.
24a
24b
91b
92b
171
188
225
403
421
432a
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Electrolytic tough pitch
Lake copper
Plate samp!e - notched (Tipper)- 0. 76 X 0. 61 inch at notch -
Y.S. - 0. 1% offset.
3/4 inch diam.
Bar sample.
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
99. 9
99. 9
99. 71
99. 32
99. 47
99. 50
99.8
99. 96
Zn
0. 53
Sn At Ni Other
0. 29 Cr
0. 68Cr
0. 37As, 0. 07P, 0. 04Ni
REF.
NO.
Z4
24
91
917]
188
225
316
403
421
422
160x10'
150
140
130
120
no
100
90 ~80
UJ QLW 70
60
50
40
30
20
10
TEMPERATURE, F-4OO -300 -2OO -IOO 0 IOO 20O 3OO 400 5OO "i-5'ii-iL,IJ-J,I.I.l,J
CONDITION NOT RECORDED
YIELD
IOO 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
500
21
-
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERSCOMPOSITION (weight^)
Cu 7-n Sn At Ni
TEMPERATURE.'F -400 -300 -ZOO -IOO 0 100 200 300 400 500
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
TEMPERATURE,F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 30O 4OO 500
CURVE
NO
"-
Ht,
,4-
^2c
A ] i *>-F 1 d B 1 0 M h dstrain rate 0.00! mch /inrh se. . , V.S. - 0. 5% off set.
S 1)1 h 01 f
lonKX l/4 lnchdU,n .. stress ra,Stant: ,U0p .,
Annealed.
diam. , crosshead speed 0. .i5 inch/minute.
Soft. Y.S. - 0. J^c strain.
COMPOSITION (weight?.)
Ni
0.03
Other
0.08O
0.04O, O.OlAs
REF
NO.
-
n
64
78
89
92
160x10'
150
140
130
120
110
100
S. 90COw RnLJ ua:
-
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)
CURVE
NO.
64b
308
3l6g
3l6h
3161
316j
367a
367h
Drawn 50%.
head speed = 1/4 inch/minute.
Drawn.
Cold drawn 21%. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 505 inch diam.
Drawn 84%. Bar sample - 0. 125 inch diam. , Y.S. - 0. 5% strain.
Cold rolled 5-7% - 0.042mm. G. S. - after hot rolling and
Y.S. - 0.2% offset.
offset.
^025d[nTd!am'. * " 2 Tt e . t , made in boiHn/JteT-1 *
strength recorded.
made in hot Crisco. i te.t./temp. except at 212'F: 4.
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
99. 9
99. 90
99. 9t
99. 90
Zn
0. 01
Sn A, Ni Other
0 . 0 3O
0, 0 JAg
REF
NO.
64
2b3
308
Mb
Jib
3 lt>
316
367
167
367
367
TEMPERATURE, F-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 20O 3OO 400 500 n3-
100 200 30O 4OO 5OO TEMPERATURE, K
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)
CURVE
NO.
J52
212a
213b
212d
316k
316m
supplied = 0.875 inch diam. Bar sample.
Circumferential V-notcK. ,20'. mm, to maximum
Other specifications same as 212a.
60 notch. Other specifications same as 212b.
rolling. Sheet sample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick.
Annealed - 0.025mm. G.S., bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. Y.S. - 0. 5% strain.
^^^^r^L'^.tr.-A-r;-!,.offset.
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
99.99
99. 97
99. 97
99. 97
99. 9*
99. 98
Zn
0. 01
Sn A*. m Other
REF
NO.
152
212
212
2U
212
516
316
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 5OO
160x10
150
140
130
120
no
100
i. 90if)J, 80 UJcc h- 70
60
50
40
30
20
10
"- YIELD
100 20O 300 4OO TEMPERATURE, K
500
23
-
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)
TEMPERATURE, F -_400 -300 -200 -IOO 0 100 200 3OO 400 5OO
CURVE
NO.
1 IB
149a
149b
190d
195a
ZI7b
217C
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Annealed 800'F - 1 hr - 0.025mm. G. S -R f - 34. Bar ample - 0. 505 inch reduced diam. - polished, rate of loading beyond initial yielding - 1% reduction of area per minute.
Annealed - 0.025mm. G.S. Bar sample - 0.505 inch diarn. -
minute. Y.S. - 0.2% offset.
Annealed - 0. 12mm. G.S. Other specifications same as 149a.
Annealed 600* F - t/2 hr. - after rolling at UOO'F. Bar ample, 2 tests/temp, except at 150 and 350'F.
drawing b4%, wire supplied - 0.080 inch diam. Wire
Annealed 392*F - 8 hrs. , He atmos. - 0. 014mm. G. 5. -
1/2 inch wide, long axis parallel to rolling direction, train rate
-
Tensile and Yield Strength of Copper (Phosphorized)
TEMPERATURE,F -400 -30O -200 -100 0 100 200 3OO 4OO 50O
CURVE
NO.
la
Ib
9
78 f
165
190f
316p
316q
362a
362b
362c
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Annealed 1100'F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S. - R = 35, bar applied - 3/4 inch diam . Bar sample - 1. 5 inch reduced
N t hed sample 0 25 inch diam at roots of circum
Other specifications same as la.
8
Annealed 1382T - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0. 418 inch
Annealed 1022 "F - 1/2 hr. -0.020mm. Y. S. - 0.2% offset.
1200F, bar supplied, 2 tests/temp, except 150 and 350F.
Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - after hot rolling, 0.045mm. G. S. Sheet sample - 1/8 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide, tested parallel to rolling direction, Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.
Y.S. - 0. 5% strain.
Annealed - 0.015mm. G. S. , bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - 0.2% offset.
Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.
Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.
COMPOSITION {
Cu
99. 97
99.97
99 92
99. 94
99. 90
99. 98
Zn Sn Ai Ni
0. 03
weight*)
Other
0. 03P
0. 03P
0. 02P
0. 05P. O.OlAs
0. 06P
0.02 - 0. 04P
0.01P
0. 02P
0. 02P
0.02P
RZF.
NO.
1
1
S
78
165
190
316
316
362
362
362
20O 3OO 400 TEMPERATURE, K
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -3OO -200 -IOO 0 100 ZOO 3OO 4OO 500
CURVE
NO.
Ic
Id
316r
316s
362d
362e
362f
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Cold drawn 26% - 0. 144mm. G. S. - R = 50, bar supplied -
= 0.02 inch/minute. Y.S. - 0 . 2% offset.
radius (KT = 5.0). Other specifications same as Ic.
minute for U. T. S. and 0. 0059 inch/minute for Y. S. , I to 3 tests/temp, .Y. S. - 0. i% offset.
Cold rolled 5 to 7% - 0.047mm. C.S. - after hot rolling and annealing 1150F - 1/2 hr. Sheet sample - 1/8 mch
Drawn 34%, bar supplied - 0. 125 inch diam. Y. S. -0.5% strain.
Drawn 21%, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - 0. 2% offset.
inch diam. , Y. S. - 0. 2% offset.
Drawn 84%, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam., Y.S. - o. 2% offset.
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
99. 91
99. 9Q
99. 9!
99. 98
99. 98
Zn Sn At Ni Other
0.03P
0. 03P
0. 02 - 0. 04P
0. 01P
0. 02P
0. 02P
0. 02P
REF.
NO.
1
1
234
316
316
362
362
362
200 300 400 TEMPERATURE,K
25
-
Tensile Elongation of CopperTEMPERATURE, F
-460-400 -300 -200 -IOO 0 100 200 300 4OO 50O
CURVE
NO.
75a
75b
78*
78d
89a
282
285b
298.
J02b
Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam.. 2 inch G. L.
Annealed. Bar (ample - 0. 25 inch diam. . 2 inch G L
Annealed I382'F - after hot rolling, plate .applied. Bar ample - reduced section 2-1/2 inches long X 0 418 inch
sample - reduced section l-l/l inche". long x'o.-IB inch
Soft, plate supplied. Bar sample - reduced lection - 2-1/2 inches long X 0. 418 inch diam. , crosshead speed - 0. 25 inch/minute, i inch G L
inch diarn. . 1. 18 inch G. L.
Annealed 1472 "F - l/i hr. , bar supplied - 5/8 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 394 inch diam., 2 inch G. L
Annealed 1202'F - 1/2 hr. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam. ,
Annealed 1382'F. bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Cross- head speed - 0. 1 inch/minute, 2 inch G. L.
Annealed. Z inch G. L.
COMPOSITION (weight*)
Cu
>9.98
>9. 98
>9. 45
>3. 60
99. 75
Zn Sn
0. 5
At Ni
0.03
0.78
Other
0. 4As. 0.06P
0. 03Ni
0. 45Si. O.OSFe. 0.05P, 0.02As
0. IPb
0.6Cr
REF.
NO.
75
75
78
78
89
282
285
298
302
200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
500
TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
CURVE
NO.
145a
170
198i
J9Sbi
198ba
198ci
198ca
279*
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
0. 039 inch thick, 0. 788 inch G. L.
Annealed 1112'F - 1 hrs. Bar sample - reduced section - 2 inches long X 0. 5 inch diam.. 2 inch G. L.
sample -0.118 inch diam. , 1. 18 inch G. L.
temp. . oar supplied - 3/8 inch diam. Bar sample - re-
rate = 8100 inches/inch/minute, total elongation recorded, 1.11 inch G. L.
as 193ai .
Strain rate = 27.000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi cations same as 19Sai .
Strain rate = 27.000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi cations same as 193*3.
Strain rate = 54,000 inches/inch/minute . Other specifi cation* same as 198ai .
Strain rate = 54,000 inches/inch/minute. Other specifi cations same as 198aa.
Soft. 1 inch G. L.
Cu
?9. 75
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Zn Sn At Ni Other
0.23As
REF.
NO.
95
145
170
193
198
193
198
198
198
279
100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
26
-
Tensile Elongation of Copper
CURVE
NO.
Ic
64b
149c
I79b
263
31 61
316'
316u
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Cold drawn 26% - 0. 144mm. G. S. - R B = 50, phosphorized.
1.5 inches long - 0. 141 inch diam. at middle - 0.250 inch
G. L.
Drawn 50%, electrolytic tough pitch.
Drawn 40%, oxygen-free h.gh -conductivity . Bar sample -
rate *0.01 inch/inch/minute.
inch diam. , 1.97 inch G. L.
temp. , 1 inch G. L.
2 to 3 tests/temp. . 2 inch G. L.
0. 083 inch diam. . 7. 88 inch G. L.
Cold drawn 25%, electrolytic tough pitch. Bar sample -
inch G. L.
coid ^rt^i* ; 7-42m7 ^ s:yt aftterhhot rt01nin*rdrolling direction, 2 inch G, L.
d: rection, 2 inch G. L.
same as 316i.
same as 316t.
same as 316r.
Cu
99. 97
99. 96
99. 90
COMPOSITION (weight*)
Zn Sn At Ni Other
0. 03P
0. 5Mg
0. 02 - 0. 04P
0.02 - 0.04P
REF
NO.
1
64
149
179
217
234
253
263
116
316
316
316
316
316
TEMPERATURE, F -460 -4OO -300 -200 -100 0 IOO ?OO 300 4OO 5OO 80
100 ZOO 3OO 400 5OO TEMPERATURE, K
TEMPERATURE, F -46O-400 -3OO -200 -100 0 IOO 20O 3OO 4OO 50O
CURVE
NO.
U
78c
91a
253a
253b
279b
28 5a
308
316b
316c
367a
465b
MATERIAL AND T-EST PARAMETERS
Bar sample - reduced section: 1. 5 inches long X 0.247 inch
G. L.
re0dacedU.CedcUona-rd2 ^^c^lTlongTo "JlS frTch dUn?'
Hard. 1.97 inch G. L.
Drawn 88. 9% - from hot rolled bar, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 110 inch diam. , 7. 88 inch G. L.
Drawn 80. 7% - from hot rolled rod, bar supplied - 1/4 inch diam. Wire sample -0.110 inch diam, , 7. 88 inch G. L.
Worked. 2 inch G. L.
Hard drawn. Bar sample - 0. 197 inch diam.
Drawn, electrolytic tough pitch. 2 inch G. L.
Cold drawn 21% - RB = 45, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 2 inch G. L.
Cold drawn - RR = 56, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. 2 inch G. L.
0. 25 inch diam. Wire sample - 0. 025 inch diam. . 212T
Cri.co, 2 tests/temp.. 2 inch G. L.
cations same as 367a.
1.97 inch G.L.
Tested after 1 hr. Other specifications same as 465a.
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
Bal
98. 60
99.09
99. 9
99. 79
99. 64
Zn Sn
Ippm
0. 91
A, Ni
4ppm
0. 78
Other
16ppm Ag. 12ppm S. 2ppm As,
0. 45Si, 0. 05Fe, 0. 05P, 0. 02As
0. 03O
0.21Te
0. 35Te
REF.
NO.
1
78
91
253
253
279
285
308
316
316
367
367
465
IOO 200 300 4OO 5OO TEMPERATURE, K
261-278 O-67 3 27
-
Tensile Elongation of CopperTEMPERATURE, F
-460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
CUR VI,
NO
li
2H
9Za
Mia
14 Jb
HOa
mo*
29Hb
10 Za
Aged 450*f 1 hr 0.2Qimm, G. S. - RB 6H - after drt
dtam. B*r tarnple - reduced ectiori 2-1/2 inche* long X
te.trd n CO^, 2 inch G L.
. rull... bar .upphed 1/2 inch dm . Ba, .ample - re-
G. L.
Rolled, bar upplied - 1/2 inch diam li- r cample rr
G. L,
Aged 750 to 800' t \ UJ 2 hr. R B - 48 - after cold drawing 75%. bar mpplied - inch diarn B*r lample - re
G. L.
H B ^7. Other upec if ication* *mr a> H3a.
temp.. ^ .nthO.L.
e.,./tmp.. i.mhG.L.
A. ca.t phu.phor.ied i t.t./temp 1 inch G I
A K e heat treated"), bar .upplied - 1/4 inch diam.
Cold rolled. 1 men G. L
COMPOSITION (*eight%}
Cu
Hal
99. 54
99. B4
99. 7V
99. H4
99.82
99. 4
Zn Sn
Ippm
,, Ni
4ppm
Other
0. 18Z r, ifappm Ag, l^ppm S,
-
Tensile Elongation of Copper
TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 3OO 400 500
CURVE
NO.
24a
91b
92b
225
316n
3S3a
2 inch G. L.
1.97 inch G.L.
J.97 inch G.L.
in?h diam., Z inch G.L.
Oxygen-free high -conductivity, sheet supplied - 0.030 inch thick. Strain rite = 5 to 10 inches/inch/hr. . 1 inch G. L.
as 353a.
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
99. 9
99. 71
99. 32
99. 50
99- 8
99. 96
99.93
Zn Sn At Ni Other
0.29
0. fcSCr
0. 0Ni
REF.
NO.
24
91
92
225
316
351
353
353
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
Tensile Elongation of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)
CURVE
NO,
64a
78e
89b
92c
145b
179a
190b
316f
3J6t
367b
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Annealed.
sample - reduced section - 2-1/2 inches long X 0.418 inch
inch diam., 1.18 inch G. L. ?
Soft.
2 inches long X 0. 5 inch diam.. 2 inch G. L.
Annealed 1292*F - 1/2 hr. in nitrogen. Bar sample - 0. 177 inch diam. , 1. 97 inch G. L.
at 150 and 350'F, 2 inch G.L.
Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - 0 . 040mm. G. S. - after hot rolling. Sheet aample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction. 2 inch G. L.
same as 316f.
Annealed 1382 F - 5 minutes - after cold drawing 96%, bar supplied - 0.25 inch diam. Wire sample - O.OZ5 inch diam.,
1 inch G. L.
Cu
99.92
99. 91
99.90
COMPOSITION (weight*)
Zn Sn At Ni
0.03
Other
0. OBO
0.04O, O.OlAs
REF.
NO.
27
64
78
89
9i
145
179
190
316
316
367
TEMPERATURE, F -46O-4OO -3OO -20O -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 5OO
100 20O 3OO 400 50O TEMPERATURE, K
29
-
Tensile Elongation of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)
TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500on i '____I____I____i____I____I____I____I____I____i
CURVE
NO
|49b
15i
)90d
I95a
217b
217c
316k
316v
328
inch/minute, t inch G. L.
Annealed 0. 12mm. C.S. Other pecificationi ame a* 149*
Annealed - 0.025mm. C.S. - Rp - 34.0. Br tample - 0. 505 inch diam. , rate of loading = 3200 p.i/hr (3200 pi applied at I hr, intervals), 2 inch C. L.
Annealed fcOO'F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at 1200'F. Bar
Annealed 842'F-l hr. - 0. 010 to 0. 015mm. G. S. - after
ample - t inche* long X 0.048 inch long, itrain rate - 0. 00038Z inch/inch/ec . , 2 Inch C. L.
Annealed J92'F- 8 hr. . He atmo. - 0. 014mm. C. S. -
1/2 Inch wide - long axil parallel to rolling direction, train rale 0.0305 inch/inch/minute to yield and a.0.02
5 te*t* at -32VF, 2 inch G L.
Annealed - 0.011mm. G. S. - RF = 49. Wire .ample -
temp., 1.2 inch G. L.
Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S - after rolling. Sheet ample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction, 2 inch G. L.
i me at 316*.
0. 708 inch G. L. (4 X diam. ).
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
r 99
99.99
99. 99
99.96
Zn Sn A* Ni Other
REF
NO.
149
149
152
190
195
217
217
316
316
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
Tensile Elongation of Copper (Phosphorized)
TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 IOO 200 300 4OO 500
CURVE
NO,
U
78 f
190f
316p
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Annealed 1100'F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G. S - R = 35, bar upplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar ample - reduced section - 1. 5 inchef long - 0. 247 inch diam. at middle - 0. 250 inch
G. L
Annealed 1332'F - after hot rolling, plate supplied. Bar
Annealed oOO F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at 120CTF. Bar
Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S - after hot rolling. Sheet ample - 1/8 inch thick X 1/2 inch wide, teated parallel to rolling d,rection, 2 inch G. L.
cationi tame ai 316p.
Cu
99. 97
99, 92
99. 90
99. 90
Zn
COMPOSITION (weight*)
Sn At Ni
0. 02
Other
0.03P
0.05P, 0.01AB
0.02 - 0.04P
0. 02 - 0.04P
REF.
NO.
1
78
190
316
316
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
30
-
Tensile Reduction of Area of Copper
TEMPERATURE, F -490 -390 -200 -100 9 IOO 2OO 30O 400 590
CURVE
NO.
75a
170
270b
270c
279a
285b
302b
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 504 inch diam.
Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 2 5 inch diam.
Bar cample -0. 118 inch diam.
n;r" L.;^ .:: r.^-jZ*
-
CO ro3
""I
o t
S
II
" -1
|
M -0 I 3
5
22
" |
"* ?!? 1 1 S 2.
fl K 2 5
S S
-
s s. 1 "^t
- fc 1
'
-ii
|! 5i ^s a 3 * S
2
5 >I
2-
I *n is li II 0*> ii s .^ p o s
2
p >
ffs 1 5- fl II 0 J^ I? II p ^ T H
S
5'
3 .
3 "
^ i < a 5"
0 H p u. 1
JC Hot rolled, bj " ! 5' 1 In P S a
s
= 3 |l !? 3 s | S I S a
s h i? 3 f| i
s
Ms
|^o ;s fs f" *> n II i
S
3 > 3 | 1 TI 3 S i T s
^ Vs p s 1 sa T
a
f y || " 3 1? a , P 0
- 1 5
i -: p^ i jO
^ 'w
" -c 0
b S- 1 o y
i? I : i P
3 x *
** 2
1 2 a
1 ?
* I
I"6" m * g- 3 5- < " 2'
if 5
S?
3 5 :! !
3' 1
-S * >
S P
21 " 3
f^ T _ 'li -
O : I ? ? S1 - z o if
0 m : i
8 TJ O 1
-
13
REDU
CTION
OF AR
EA,
percent
CO
CO
',
" 5' ^
o
5-
I!' s ; r i
b g
-~
o 'ss 3
-
H
REDU
CTION
OF AR
EA,
percent
S
a 09 0 ft 0
-
Tensile Reduction of Area of Copper
TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 4OO 50O
CURVE
NO
91b
92 b
188
116n
421
3/4 inch diam.
Bar .ample.
COMPOSITION (weight%>
Cu
?9. 71
99. 32
99. 50
Zn Sn A'. Ni Other
0. 29
0. fcBCr
0.37A., 0.07P. 0.04N1
REF.
NO.
91
92
188
316
421
100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
Tensile Reduction Area of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)
TEMPERATURE, F -460-4OO -300 -200 -IOO 0 100 200 3OO 400 500
CURVE
NO.
22b
64a
89b
92c
179*
1906
31bf
316t
diam,, tra>n rate ^0,001 inch/inch/iec .
\nnealed ?32'F - air cooled. Bar samp'e - 0 138 inch
Anne*l/temp. except at 150 and 350*F.
Annealed 1 1 50 ' F - 1/2 hr. -0.0*0mm. C. 5. - after hot rolling. Sheet mple - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, toted ?ar*llel to rolling direction.
ame a* 31 6f.
^.^.U'^'VAV^p^.
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
99. 9
99. 91
99.90
99.90
Zn Sn -'- Ni
0.03
Other
0.04O. O.OlAs
REF.
NO.
11
64
78
89
92
145
179
190
316
316
367
100 200 300 400 TEMPERATURE, K
34
-
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Copper
CURVE
NO.
la
328
Annealed 1100'F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. C. S. - Rf ~- 35, phos- phorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar sample -0.250
G. L.
Annealed (*ot)-ASTM G. S. # = 5 - RH = 86. oxygen -free high -conductivity, bar iupplied - 3/4 inch diam. Bar .ample - reduced .ection - 1-1/4 inch long X 0. 174 inch
.omete'r, ImchG.L. " "
COMPOSITION
-
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Copper
CURVENO.
Ic
161b
16ic
195b
minute. cUmp-on .tr.in gage exten.omefrr, ] mch G, L.
ame 29c.
Drawn 14% al -4S2F then unloaded arid warmed to 81" F in
"Unarm tiled".
COMPOSITION (weight*)
Cu
99.9
99.9
99.99
Zn Sn At Ni Other
0.03P
REF
NO.
1
-29
29
163
163
195
O.I 02 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 STRESS, inches per inch
CURVE
NO
'g
11
29*
29b
I95a
Cold drawn o07 - 0.287 to i.OOmm. G. 5. - KB 45 to 53,
rt.gea -,50'C - 1 hi-. - 0. ,103mm. C. S. - R B - 68 - alter firat
90%. Other spec ifu ations same as Ig.
high-conductivnv. BAT sampl? - approx. 6 inches long -
rate , 0. 04 lnc h, .nch/minute.
me as 29a.
Annealed 843'F - 1 hr. - 0.010 to 0.015mm. G S. - after
inche long, (train rate - 0.00008^ inch/inch/ec .
COMPOSITION ( weight %)
Cu
Bal
Bal
Oiher
99.99
Zn
,.m,
Sn
Ippm
,
At
P~.
Ni
4ppm
.
Other
Sb, -. 3ppm O.
0. 18Zr
as for Ig.
REF
NO.
1
1
29
29
195
O.I 0.2 0,3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 IDSTRAIN, inches per inch
36
-
Tensile Stress-Strain Curves of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)
CURVE
NO.
2U
lib
22c
179
MATERIAL AND T-EST PARAMETERS
Annealed 1112'F. Strain rate s=0.001 inch/inch/sec.
Annealed 1112'F. Strain rate ,= 100 Inches/inch/sec.
diam. , strain rate to U. T. S. = 0. 0004 inch/inch/sec . , 0. 75 inch G. L.
Annealed. Bar sample - 0. 177 inch diaoi.
Cu
99. 9
Zn
COMPOSITION (weight*)
Sn Ai Ni Other
REF.
NO.
ai
21
a
a
179
160 x 10 I
140
130
120
110
100
90
? eoJ
I 70
60
50
40
30
20
10
O.I 02 0.3 04 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 STRAIN, inches per inch
Hardness of Copper
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 5OO
CURVE
NO.
79a
79b
79c
95
141a
14Jb
180a
IBOb
423a
42 3b
MATERIAL AND T-EST PARAMI-TERS
Annealed 1652F - 1/2 hr. - after cold rolling 50%. Diamond pyramid hardness-10 kgm. load.
,Diamond pyramid hardness - lOkgm.load.
Annealed 1652'F - 1/2 nr. - after cold rolling 50%, electrolytic tough pitch. Diamond pyramid hardness - lOkgm load.
Annealed 93-F. Strip sample - approx. 0.039 inch thick
made on same strip.
Aged 830-F - 16 hrs. - after annealing 1830'F - 15
nardne... * B
and cold rolling to R = 65. Diamond pyramid hardness.
d 1292 1 ' h ' h Cindenter - 120 - 25 kgm. load - 5 minute*.
load - 5 minutes.
Soft. 400 kgm. load - ball indenter - 10mm. diam.
Worked. 700 kgm. load - ball indenter - 10mm. diam.
COMPOSITION
-
Hardness of Copper
CURVE
NO
101
1 11
191
242
27i
359
442
10 to ISOkism load - 120' ton* indenter - diamond.
lirmell hardne,, - JOOOkgm. load.
lOOOkgm. load 1$ ec.
*mP iv v -H;,u;re - ^-;/Y7t- " v
Brinell hardne - 3 000 kg rn. load.
Oxygen -free high -conductivity. Dick .ample - 1/2 to 1 inch
500gm. load.
Electrolytic tough pitch. Con* indent er - 120* - diamond - 10 to 150kgm. load - 60 ec.
COMPOSITION (weight*)
Co
n. 9
Zn Sri At Ni Other
REF.
NO.
101
131
191
242
273
359
424
442
TEMPERATURE, *F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 \00 200 300 400 500
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
Impact Energy of Copper
CURVE
NO.
54a
75
79b
79c
79d
15,6
IHOa
190f
282
295
Annealed 1100'F - 1 hr. - 0.036mm. G, S. - R = 35, phosphonzed, bar upplied - J/4 inch diam. Cr,arpy V,
fracture at other temp.
Annealed 1292T - 4 hr. . chill - ca*e ingot supplied - 1/2
-- 65'.
Annealed. Iiod, ample partly broken.
rolling, phoiphonzed, plate supplied - 1 inch thick. Izod, ample cut parallel to rolling direction.
Annealed - Vickers hardnen = 49 (lOkgm. load) - alter
parallel to rolling direction.
Soft, bar supplied - 3/4 inch square. Standard Charpy key hole except for length: 2.0 Inches, Kammer velocity - 14.5 ft/sec., sample contained in paper boat at -323 and -423 'Y test* - correction applied, 1 to 3 tets/temp.
pitch. Square sample - 0.31 S (parallel to impact di rection) X 0. 394 X 3.94 inche.. 45' sharp V-notch - 0. 1185
partial fracture - all temps.
Annealed 603'F - 1/2 hr. - after rolling at 1200*F,
150 and J50F.
inches - V notch.
Annealed - R = 43, phoaphorized, bar lupplied - 3/4 inch
with liquid air and warmed to test temp, . 3 te*t/temp. , samples unbroken.
COMPOSITION (weight^)
Cu
>9. 97
?9.0
>9. 98
99. 45
99. 44
99.95
Zn Sn
0.01
0.01
At Ni
0.07
0.08
Other
0. 03P
0.02Se + Te, 0. OlAg
0. 36As, 0.07P, O.OlAg
0. 37As, 0.09O, O.OlAg
0.03P
REF.
NO.
1
54
75
79
79
79
156
180
190
282
295
-460-400 160
150
140
130
120
no
100
90 f>r 80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
TEMPERATURE, -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 500
[79b] [79cJ
ANNEALED
100 200 300 TEMPERATURE,
400 500
38
-
Impact Energy of Copper
MATERIAL AND T-EST PARAMETERS
Aged 450'C - 1 hr. - 0. 203mm. G. S. - Rg = 58 - after fir, heating to 950 "C - water quenching -then cold drawing 85 90%. Room temp. : 88% fracture; -108F: 90% fracture;
cold rolling, electrolytic tough pitch, plate supplied -1 inch thick. Izod, samples cut parallel to rolling directi
Annealed 600T - 1/2 hr. - after rollin electrolytic tough pitch. Charpy keyho except at 150 and 350F.
cept at 150 and 350F.
longitudinally from bar, Charpy keyhole - paper boat container at -4^3'F, hammer velocity = 16 ft. /sec. .
Annealed (soft)-ASTM C. SJ= 5 - R = 86, oxygen-free high conductivity - bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. SampleASTM standard Charpy V-notch except for dim parallel to notch which was 0. 197 inch (1/2 standard
temps. , paper boat container used for -423F, values the nearest 0. 5 ft. -Ib.
mealed 1202F - 1 hr, - Brinell hardness = 48, elet
;cept for length: 2. 36 inches, 75 to 212'F - tested in
mp. except at -54 F: 2 tests.
COMPOSITION (w
16ppm Ag, 12ppm S. Zppm As, 5ppm Sb, < 3ppmO
TEMPERATURE, F -460-400 -300 -200 -100 0 IOO 2OO 300 400 500
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
TEMPERATURE, F -400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 2OO 300 400 500
CURVE NO. MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Cold drawn 26% - 0. 144mm. G. S. - R = 50, phosphorired, )9. 97 jar supplied - 3/4 inch diam. Charpy V, hammer velocity
40% fracture at -423'F - 10% fracture at other temps.
ind 65 at 392F.
tch depth: 0. 118 inch.
>n from back to notch bottom of 0.276 inch (ASTM = 0. 191
icture completely.
ts = 1. 575 inches, complete fracti
Charpy V. 99. 50
normal to columnar grains, 3 tests/temp
cast, oxygen-free high-conductivity. Cha
depth: 0. 118 inch, 2 tests/temp.
281d Aged at 840 F - 1 hr. - after cold drawing 69%. Simple 99. 3
lotch: 3/4 standard.
lotch: 3/4 standard.
;old drawn - Brinell hardness = 100 (500kgm. load), ba mpplied - 1/2 inch square. Standard Izod sample excef
11 ft./sec. , samples did not fracture.
COMPOSITION (weight*)
0. 37As, 0. 07P, 0. 04Ni
O.O^Fe, 0. Ol(Sn
100 200 300 400 500 TEMPERATURE, K
39
-
Fatigue Behavior of Copper
CURVE
NO.
lOb
78a
Ilia
113b
125a
126a
229*
35ba
356b
356c
Annealed I202'F - ] hr. - 0.015 to 0.020mm. C. S. , room temp. : U. T.S. -- 39.800 p.i - Y S 12.800 p., (0.2% off.et)-
reduced diam. , rotating beam - 2700 c . p. m ., R- -1,
gallon: '1^ a. i cycle' dld not br
-
Fatigue Behavior of Copper
CURVE
NO.
lOa
1 la
lib
58 a
58 b
58e
58f
Wg
5Bh
58 1
Drawn 67% - 0.040mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. - 7b,700 psi - Y. S. = 73,800 psi (0.2% offset) - Rg = 73, bar supplied-
polished, rotating beam - 3500 r.p.m. , sample at 30,000 psi- 6 X 10 8 cycles did not break.
Drawn 36% -0.040mm. G. S. , room temp. : U.T.S. - 48.800 psi - Y. S. = 46,500 psi (0.2% offset) - R B = 47, electrolytic
beam - 3500 r.p.m.
Drawn 39% -0.125mm. G. S. , room temp, : U. T. S. = 51,000 psi - Y.S. = 49,000 psi (0.2% offset) - RB = 37, oxygen-free
rotating beam - 3500 r.p.m.
sample - tapered part - 3-9/32 inches long X 3/16 inch
Reduced 37% - 0.033mm. G. S. , room temp, : U. T. S. =
41, 400 psi - R = 40, phosphorized. Bar sample - 0. 3
specifications sa-ne as 58a.
Reduced 37% - 0.025mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. - 51,600
as 58a.
Reduced 60% - 0.030mm. G. S. , room temp. : U. T. S. -- 59,300
as 58a.
COMPOSITION ght%|
Cu
98. 67
99. 95
99. 95
99. 93
99. 97
99. 96
99. 96
Zn Sn
0. 52
At Ni Other
0. 81Cd
0. 03O
0. 03O
0.01P
0.01P
0.01P
0. 03P
0.03P
0.03P
REF.
NO.
11
"
58
58
58
58
58
53
58
58
58
I06 I07 I0e FATIGUE LIFE, cycles
to9
CURVE
NO.
78c
Ilia.
211b
211c
356e
356f
356g
356h
356j
436*
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Cold rolled -,o hard temper, plate supplied. Bar sample -
diam. , rotating beam - 2700 c. p.m. , sample at 2 1, 200
8%.
Cold rolled, room temp.: U.T.S. = 40,430 psi, electro-
c.p.m. , data spread 12%.
Hot rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. =3], 433 psi. Data
inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 5 inch reduced diam. , 2200
did not break.
Tested in vacuum - 0. 0005 to 0.001mm. Hg. Other
Exuded to 7 8% reduction of area, room temp. : U. T. S. =
specifications game as 356g.
32,900 pi, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3/4 inch diam.
in air.
Tested in vacuum - 0. 0005 to 0.031mm. Hg., sample at
specifications same as 356i.
Cold rolled, room temp. : U. T. S. = 52,000 psi, Y. S. = 21,500
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
93. 60
99. 92
99. 92
99. 96
9'9. 96
99. 96
99.96
Zn Sn A( Ni
0. 78
Other
0. 45Si. O.OSFe, 0.05P, 0.02As
0. 02Fe
O.OIFe
0. OIFe
0. 043
0. 04O
0. 02P
0.02P
O.OIFe
REF.
NO.
78
211
211
211
356
356
356
356
356
356
436
70 - -
41
-
Fatigue Behavior of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)
CURVE
NO
216*
iI6b
1 1 be
Annealed HU-I - ' .ever., Hr.. - Ar atmo.. W,,ple -
225t.p, . , R -i.
pecification. amr a. 2 1 6.1 .
a* 216*.
COMPOSITION (weight*)
Cu Zn Sn At Ni Other
0.03O
0. 03O
0. 03O
REF
NO.
216
216
216
70
10 I06 I07 I08 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles
CURVE
NO.
lOd
78 e
146*
M6b
204a
204c
20 4d
38 ba
43 6b
456
456b
Annealed 1111 f - i ,1/4 hrs. -0.040mm. G. 5. , room temp. :
rsTo\-^:i;d;^T^^Tdi3d"7;i: samplcs atA 1 d 1382F 1 1 ample - 3/8 inch reduced diam. , rotating beam - 2700 r.p.m.
water quenched, room temp. : 1' . T. S. -- 31 ,200 pgi - Bnnel!
6X IO'*ndl.4X 1C " cycle* did not break.
Fiexura! beam . Other .pecihcanon. .ame a, 14ba.
U. T. S. T- 46,500 pi - Y. S. ; 21,200 psi (0.01% offset), bar supplied - 1 inch diam. Sample - conically tapered, rotating
Other ipeciiicahon* same as 204a.
Annealed 1200 F - 1 hr. - after hot rolling, room temp. : U. T. S. = 31.200 p; - Y. S. r 4,500 pn (0. 01% offset). Other
Other .peculation, .ame a. 204a.
tmp. :U,T.S. = 31,000 p.i - Y.S. = 2, SCO psi (0. 1% offset) -
diam. . .ingle point rotating cantilever - 4500 r.p.m.
Annealed 600'C - 1/2 hr, , room temp. : U. T. S. = 33,400 pi- Y.S. ; 6.850 psi (0. 2% offset) - R F - 34.0. Rotating beam.
U. T. S, - 46,900 psi - Y. S. : 20.000 psi. Notched .ample -
Annealed 750 T - 2 hr. - furnace cooled, room temp. :
ame us 456*.
COMPOSITION (v
Cu
99.95
99. 9/
99. 996
99. 996
99. 996
99. 996
99.93
Zn Sn
0.01
0.01
At Ni
0.03
weight %)
Other
0. 03O
0.04O, O.OlAs
O.OlPb, O.OIFe
O.OJPb, 0. OIFe
O.OIFe
O.OIFe
O.OIFe
REF
NO.
10
78
146
146
204
204
204
204
261
386
436
456
456 FATIGUE LIFE, cycles
42
-
Fatigue Behavior of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)
CURVE
NO.
19Za
289
Annealed.
amplitude = 1.5, tension stress plotted.
Tors,on ampHtude = Z. V. Other spec Nation* same a, 343a.
Cu zn
COMPOSITION (weight*)
Sn At Ni Other
REF
NO
m.i89
343
343
343
343
CURVE
NO.
29a
29b
MATERIAL AND TEST PARAMETERS
Annealed llll'F -l/l hi. - N 2 atmos.. room temp. : U.T.S^ 30,000 pei - Y. S. = Z.700 psi (0.1% offset). Bar sample - 0.564 inch reduced diam. , uniaxial stress - 10 c. p.m. . R = - 1,
Drawn, room temp. : U. T. S. = 33,400 psi - Y.S. = 30,900
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu Zn Sn Al Ni Other
REF.
NO.
^9
29
261-278 O-674
10" 10* 10* I0a FATIGUE LIFE, cycles
-
Creep Behavior of Copper
Cf KV*.
NO
60 J
60:
60 g
Annealed -Q.Q^mm. G. S , room temp.; U.T.S - 1,WO
t.j-iductivity. bar sample - 1/8 inch diam.
inch di.m.
COMPOSITION
Cu
99. 93
Z.n
0.01
sn ,a Ni
o. oi
Other
0. CMFe
REF.
NO
60
60
60
10"* 10"
CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour
CURVE-
NO
MbPF
1000 hrs.
d.am.. total e. ,,me - 1000 ; ir ..
AnnT ledd "oo mmh-,G - s -' r ttr;lytit tough puch> wire
3-ncK^. B-r-^-l/-^-^. -,OichC.U.
Annealed - 0.070. G. S , pho.phoriied. bar .applied -
second stage creep.
COMPOSITION (weight 1?.)
Cu
99. 97
99. 93
99.93
Zn Sn M Ni Other
O.OiP
O.OiP
0.02P
o. o^p
REF.
NO.
9
9
3)6
362
36^
362
IO"9 IO"8 I0~7 IO*6 IO"5 IO"4CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour
44
-
Creep Behavior of Copper
CURVE
NO.
91c
2S6c
316kk
316rr
at 1003 hrs.
A 1 d W 10 OS! h d' dcreep.
Annealed - 0. OJO.-nm. G. S - R F - 40. sheet supplied -
Annealed - 0.025mm. G. S . . bar supplied - 0.125 inch
COMPOSITION
Cu
)9. 09
9?. 94
?. 89
99. 53
- Sn
0. 91
A, Ni Other
0.01P
0 . 2 4 7 r
0. 05Ag
0. (HAg, 0. C^O
REF,
NO
91
-
Creep Behavior of Copper
Drawn Ht%. room temp.: U.T.S S4, SO'J ps, - Y. S
COMPOSITION (weight^)
100x10'
10'" 10'" 10-' 10' I0 5 I0-4 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour
COMPOSITION (weight^)
0. 46Tc, 0. DIP
3. 03Ag, 0. OIO
80
60
40
20
10 8
6 n i. . 4 o o J t
o 2
1.0 0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
O 1
[3 4
ft
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-
Creep Behavior of Copper
CURVE
NO.
57b
316hh
362d
362e
362f
Drawn 84%; room temp. : U. T.S. = 57, 500 psi - Y.S. = 53,00( pni (0.2% offset), phosphorized. Bar sample - O.US inch
Cold rolled 30% - Rg = 65. sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.
Drawn 21%. phosphorized, bar supplied - 3 :nch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. - 10 inch G. L. , 300"F - second
second stage except for 25.000 psi: third tage; 500'F second stage except for 10,000 psi: third stage.
Drawn 37%, phosphorized. bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar sample - 1/8 inch diam. - 10 inch G. L. 300* F -
Drawn 84%, phosphorized, bar supplied - 3 inch diam. Bar ample - 1/8 inch diam. - 10 inch C. L. , 300' F - second
500 'F - second utage except for 10,000 psi: third stage.
COMPOSITION (weight%)
Cu
99.95
99.89
99.98
99.93
99.98
Zn Sn A-t N Other
0.01P
0. 09Ag, 0.02O
0. 02P
0. 02P
0. 02P
REF.
NO.
57
316
362
362
362
io'9 icr8 io'7 icf 6 io"5 CREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour
Creep Behavior of Copper (Electrolytic Tough Pitch)
CURVE
NO.
316ii
3K>jj
316"
3 1 6nn
31 600
^ r-^^^r0^^' ^ ^
creep.
supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.
Cold rolled 107o - 0.035mm. G. S. - RB = 50, electrolytic tough pitch, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.
Cold rolled .15% - 0.030mm. G. S. - R B = 57, electrolytic toagh pitch, sheet supplied - 0. 1 inch thick. Second stage creep.
5 inch G. L. Second *tage creep.
COMPOSITION (\weight%)
Cu
99. 89
99. 97
99. 97
99.97
z .
0. 01
Sn At Ni Other
0. 0?Ag, 0. 02O
0. 03Ag
0. 03O
0. 033
0. 03D
0. 09Ag, 0. 02O
REF.
NO.
316
316
316
316
H
376
10'* ICf8 ICT IO"6 10 sCREEP RATE, inches per inch per hour
47
-
Creep Behavior of Copper (Oxygen-Free High-Conductivity)
HO.
n^d
202e
202g
"2h
202m
bar supplied - 0.25 inch diam. Bar sample - 0, 159 inch
Annealed 1562F in vacuum - 1 hr. - furnace cooled, bar
loll constant.
Water quenched. Other specification, . ame as 202c.
Annealed 1562 F, N B atmos. - 1 hr. , furnace cooled.
supplied - 0.^5 inch diam. Bar sample - 0. 159 inch diam.,
Same specifications as 202e.
COMPOSITION
-
Stress-Rupture Behavior of Copper
CURVE
NO
4Jdc
4SSa
455b
100*F:U.T.S ^41,900pt, Y.S. = 36, 200 p*i (0. 1% olf-
0.064 inch thick - cut normal to rolling direction.
Hard - 0.014mm. G. S. , Vicker* hardne.. = 111. 100'F: U. T. S -- 52. 900 pn. Y.S. -- 4). 900 pBl (0. 1% off.et).
0.064 inch thick - cut normal to rolling direction.
Annealed 1562'F - Hj atmo*. - 1 hr. - furnace cooled 194'F/hr., bar *jpplid - 0.25 inch diam. Bar cample - 0. 160 inch diam.
Water q ,.nch.d. Other .plication, .am, a. 455a.
COMPOSITION (weight%>
Cu
99. 9*
Zn Sn At Ni Other
O.OZO, O.OlPb, 0 . 0 1 Sn
0.020. O.OlPb. O.OlSn
0. 05Ag
0.05Ag
REF.
NO,
4)8
4)8
455
455
80 6O
4CX
20
10 8 6
0
* 4 r> 0 JC
1.0 .8
.6
4
.2
ni
38 1in'*/4-11(Y/O
n
Q-< \
5^
> Z!5ff/
l+Jtf
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*-ry
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5-^
-^"
/s
30*
=}^55//
7"
^V
*n/ ore
trctL Test
\
\INEA
G
/VS J/Temp
LED
'Owns.
___
0,1 \& 10 100 1000 10000 LIFE TO RUPTURE, hours
STRESS-RUPTURE BEHAVIOR OF COPPER
CURVE
NO.
92 b
247a
2476
445
Hard
Wire aample - O. 091 inch diam. Sample* at 22,000 psi -
Strip sample - 0.260 X 0,050 inch thick. Sample at 20.000 pn - 500 hr. did not break.
0.064 men diam. , (ample* at 47,000 pii - 520 hri. and 42.000 pal - 620 hr*. did not break.
Sintered 1904'F - 20 hri.
COMPOSITION (weight^)
Cu
99. 8
99.9
99.01
Zn Sn At Ni Other
0.2Cd
0. IMn
0. 9Cr. 0. 09Si
REF.
NO.
92
>47
247
247
445
UJcr
i.o0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
Temperatures shown ore Test Temp's
O.I 1.0 10 100 LIFE TO RUPTURE, hours
50
-
Modulus of Elasticity of CopperTEMPERATURE, F
-400 -300 -200 -100 0 100 200 300 400 50O
CURVE
NO.
316f
316k
316p
316t
316y
316
316tt
3 1 6uu
316vv
Annealed 1150F - \fi hr. - 0.040mm. G. S. - after hot rolling, electrolytic tough pitch. Sheet ample - 1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction.
Annealed 1150*F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S - after hot
1/2 inch wide X 1/8 inch thick, tested parallel to rolling direction.
Annealed 1150'F - 1/2 hr. - 0.045mm. G. S - after hot
direction. Other specifications same as 316f.