Siam redirects here. For other uses, see Siam (disambiguation)..docx

7/24/2019 Siam redirects here. For other uses, see Siam (disambiguation)..docx

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Thailand

"Siam" redirects here. For other uses, see Siam (disambiguation).

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this articleby adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged andremoved. (March 2014)

Kingdom of Thailand

Ratcha Anachak Thai

Flag Emblem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siam_(disambiguation)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thailand&action=edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblem_of_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiabilityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thailand&action=edithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing/1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emblem_of_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siam_(disambiguation)


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Capital

and largest city

!ango

#$%&' #**%+E

Official languages Thai -#

Ethnic groups(+**-')

'/0'1 Thai(incl.2san -+orthern Thaiand 3entral (Khon Thai) and SouthernThai (Thai Siam)-$-&

#&1 Thai 3hinese

#+1 4thers (incl.5alay,5on,6hmer,"7ill tribes")

Religion !uddhism

DemonymThaiSiamese(archaic)

Government 3onstitutional monarchyundermilitary 8unta

5onarch !humibol 9dulyade8

: Prime 5inister Prayut 3han:o:cha

Legislature ational 9ssembly(currently dissolved)Area

Total'#$,#+* m+('#st)#0,##' s; mi


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2P9D-rH t.t I I nI t J t I8 ( listen)), Gormerly noKn as iam(ThaiD CTSD Sayam), is a

country at the centre oG the 2ndochinese peninsula in 5ainland Southeast 9sia.2t is bordered tothe north by 5yanmarand Laos, to the east by Laos and 3ambodia, to the south by theulG oGThailandand 5alaysia, and to the Kest by the 9ndaman Seaand the southern eMtremity oG5yanmar. 2ts maritime boundaries include Nietnamin the ulG oG Thailand to the southeast, and

2ndonesiaand 2ndiaon the 9ndaman Sea to the southKest.

Thailand is governed by military t too poKer in the 5ay +*#& coup dOtat.-#$2ts monarchyisheaded by 6ing !humibol 9dulyade8, Kho is calledRama "#as he is the ninth monarchoG the3hari >ynasty, and has reigned since #&= as the KorldOs longest:serving head oG stateand thecountryOslongest:reigning monarch-#&(he has reigned Gor = years, + days)


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5ain articleD Thailand in


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Each province is divided into districtsand the districts are Gurther divided into sub:districts

(tambons). 9s oG +**= there Kere 0 districts (, amphoe) and the '* districts oG !ango

(, het). Some parts oG the provinces bordering !ango are also reGerred to as reater

!ango(, pari monthon). These provinces includeonthaburi,Pathum Thani, Samut

Praan,ahon Pathomand Samut Sahon. The name oG each provinceOs capital city (,

mueang) is the same as that oG the province. For eMample, the capital oG 3hiang 5ai Province(han*'at hian* Mai) isMuean* hian* Maior hian* Mai.

#ildlife

5ain articleD List oG species native to ThailandThe population oG 9sian elephantsin ThailandOs Kild has dropped to an estimated +,***/$,***.-0+

The elephantis ThailandOsnational symbol. 9lthough there Kere #**,*** domesticated elephantsin Thailand in #0'*, the population oG elephants has dropped to an estimated +,***.-0+Poachershave long hunted elephants Gor ivory,meat-citation needed, and hides. Roung elephants are oGtencaptured Gor use in tourist attractions or as Kor animals, although their use has declined sincethe government banned loggingin #0. There are noK more elephants in captivity than in theKild, and environmental activists claim that elephants in captivity are oGten mistreated.-0$

Poaching oG protected species remains a ma8or problem. 7unters have decimated the populationsoG tigers, leopards,and other large cats Gor their valuable pelts. 5any animals (including tigers,bears, crocodiles, and ing cobras) are Garmed or hunted Gor their meat, Khich is considered adelicacy, and Gor their supposed medicinal properties. 9lthough such trade is illegal, the Gamous

!ango maret 3hatuchais still noKn Gor the sale oG endangered species.-0&

The practice oG eeping Kild animals as pets threatens several species. !aby animals aretypically captured and sold, Khich oGten re;uires illing the mother. 4nce in captivity and out oGtheir natural habitat, many pets die or Gail to reproduce. 9GGected populations include the 9siaticblac bear, 5alayan sun bear, Khite:handed lar,pileated gibbonandbinturong.-0'

Education

5ain articleD Education in ThailandPrimary school students in Thailand

2n +*#& the literacy rateKas $.'1.-0=Education is provided by a Kell:organied school systemoG indergartens, primary, loKer secondary and upper secondary schools, numerous vocationalcolleges, and universities. The private sector oG education is Kell developed and signiGicantlycontributes to the overall provision oG education Khich the government Kould not be able tomeet Kith public establishments. Education is compulsory up to and including age #&, Kith thegovernment providing Gree education through to age #.-citation needed
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphoehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districts_of_Bangkokhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok_Metropolitan_Areahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok_Metropolitan_Areahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonthaburi_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathum_Thani_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathum_Thani_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samut_Prakan_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samut_Prakan_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Pathom_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Pathom_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samut_Sakhon_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_species_native_to_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_elephantshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_elephantshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-TECC-82https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephanthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephanthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_animalshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_animalshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-TECC-82https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant_meathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant_meathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logginghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logginghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-83https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopardshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopardshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodilehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_cobrahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatuchak_Weekend_Markethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-84https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic_black_bearhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic_black_bearhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayan_sun_bearhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lar_gibbonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pileated_gibbonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pileated_gibbonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binturonghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binturonghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binturonghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-tscwa-85https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_ratehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-86https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphoehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Districts_of_Bangkokhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok_Metropolitan_Areahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok_Metropolitan_Areahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonthaburi_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathum_Thani_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samut_Prakan_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samut_Prakan_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Pathom_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samut_Sakhon_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_species_native_to_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_elephantshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-TECC-82https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephanthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_animalshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-TECC-82https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant_meathttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logginghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-83https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigershttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopardshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocodilehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_cobrahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chatuchak_Weekend_Markethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-84https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic_black_bearhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic_black_bearhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malayan_sun_bearhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lar_gibbonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pileated_gibbonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binturonghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-tscwa-85https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Literacy_ratehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-86https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed


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3hulalongorn University, established in ##, is the oldest university in Thailand.

Teaching relies heavily on rote learningrather than on student:centred methodology. Theablishment oG reliable and coherent curricula Gor its primary and secondary schools is sub8ect tosuch rapid changes that schools and their teachers are not alKays sure Khat they are supposed to

be teaching, and authors and publishers oG teMtboos are unable to Krite and print neK editions;uicly enough to eep up Kith the volatility. 2ssues concerning university entrance has been inconstant upheaval Gor a number oG years. evertheless, Thai education has seen its greatestprogress in the years since +**#. 5ost oG the present generation oG students are computer literate.Thailand Kas raned '&th out oG '= countries globally Gor English proGiciency, the second:loKestin 9sia.-0

Students in ethnic minority areas score consistently loKer in standardised national andinternational tests.-00-0-*This is liely due to une;ual allocation oG educational resources,Kea teacher training, poverty, and loK Thai language sill, the language oG the tests. -00-#-+

EMtensive nationKide 2tests Kere administered to +,0* Thai students Grom >ecember +*#*to Qanuary +*##. The average 2 Kas Gound to be 0.', Khich is higher than previous studieshave Gound. 2 levels Kere Gound to be inconsistent throughout the country, Kith the loKestaverage oG 00.* Gound in the southern region oGarathiKat Provinceand the highest average oG#*0.# reported inonthaburi Province. The 5inistry oG Public 7ealthblames the discrepancieson iodine deGiciency and steps are being taen to re;uire that iodine be added to table salt, apractice common in many evelopment 9gencyis anagencyoG the government oGThailand Khich supports research in science and technology and its application in the Thaieconomy.-citation needed

The Synchrotron Light esearch 2nstitute (SL2) is a Thai synchrotron light sourceGor physics,chemistry, material science, and liGe sciences. 2t is at the Suranaree University oG Technology(SUT), inahon atchasima, about $** m northeast oG !ango. The institute, Ginanced by

the 5inistry oG Science and Technology(54ST), houses the only large scale synchrotron inSoutheast 9sia. 2t Kas originally built as the S4TE3 synchrotron in Qapan and later moved toThailand and modiGied Gor #.+ eN operation. 2t provides users Kith regularly scheduled light.-citation needed

$nternet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chulalongkorn_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rote_learninghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-87https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-DraperJ2012-88https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-OECDTH2013-89https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-OECDTH2013-89https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-OECDTH2013-89https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-90https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-DraperJ2012-88https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-91https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-92https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-92https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narathiwat_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narathiwat_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonthaburi_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Health_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-93https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_and_Communication_Technology_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_and_Communication_Technology_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-94https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-94https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Thai_inventions_and_discoverieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Science_and_Technology_Development_Agencyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Science_and_Technology_Development_Agencyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_agencyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_agencyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchrotron_light_sourcehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suranaree_University_of_Technologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Ratchasimahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Science_and_Technology_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chulalongkorn_Universityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rote_learninghttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-87https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-DraperJ2012-88https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-OECDTH2013-89https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-90https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-DraperJ2012-88https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-91https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-92https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IQhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narathiwat_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonthaburi_Provincehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Public_Health_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-93https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_and_Communication_Technology_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internethttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rothttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-94https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Thai_inventions_and_discoverieshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Science_and_Technology_Development_Agencyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_agencyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synchrotron_light_sourcehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suranaree_University_of_Technologyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nakhon_Ratchasimahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Science_and_Technology_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed


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2n !ango, there are +$,*** Gree publicP in the !ango area increased Grom US@,** to nearly US@#$,***. -
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-95https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gbithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-asiancorrespondent.com-96https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Thai_Policehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Thai_Policehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAT_Telecomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAT_Telecomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_and_Communication_Technology_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_and_Communication_Technology_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerging_marketshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newly_industrialised_countryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-97https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_economyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_economyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_economyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-98https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_bahthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_bahthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chavalit_Yongchaiyudhhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chavalit_Yongchaiyudhhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating_exchange_ratehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_financial_crisishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaksin_Shinawatrahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaksinomicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-99https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wi-Fihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-95https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gbithttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_censorship_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-asiancorrespondent.com-96https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Thai_Policehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CAT_Telecomhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_and_Communication_Technology_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Information_and_Communication_Technology_(Thailand)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerging_marketshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newly_industrialised_countryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-97https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anchor_economyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-98https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_bahthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chavalit_Yongchaiyudhhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chavalit_Yongchaiyudhhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating_exchange_ratehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asian_financial_crisishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaksin_Shinawatrahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaksinomicshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-99


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P groKth oG Thailand settled ataround &/'1, Grom highs oG '/1 under the previous civilian administration. Politicaluncertainty Kas identiGied as the primary cause oG a decline in investor and consumer conGidence.The 25F predicted that the Thai economy Kould rebound strongly Grom the loK *.#1 >PgroKth in +*##, to '.'1 in +*#+ and then .'1 in +*#$, due to the monetary policy oG the !an

oG Thailand, as Kell as a pacage oG Giscal stimulus measures introduced by the incumbentRingluc ShinaKatragovernment.-#**

FolloKing the Thai military coup oG ++ 5ay +*#&, the 9FP global neKs agency published anarticle that claimed that the nation Kas on the verge oG recession. The article Gocused on thedeparture oG nearly #0*,*** 3ambodians Grom Thailand due to Gears oG an immigrationclampdoKn, but concluded Kith inGormation on the Thai economyOs contraction oG +.#1 ;uarter:on:;uarter, Grom Qanuary to the end oG 5arch +*#&.-#*#

E%ports and manufacturing

9 proportional representation oG ThailandOs eMports.

The economy oG Thailand is heavily eMport:dependent, Kith eMports accounting Gor more thantKo:thirds oG gross domestic product (>P). Thailand eMports over US@#*' billion Korth oGgoods and services annually.-#5a8or eMports include rice,teMtiles and GootKear, Gisheryproducts, rubber, 8eKellery, cars, computers, and electrical appliances.-#

Substantial industries include electric appliances, components, computer components, andvehicles. ThailandOs recovery Grom the #/#0 9sian Ginancial crisis depended mainly oneMports, among various other Gactors. 9s oG +*#+, the Thai automotive industryKas the largest inSoutheast 9siaand the th largest in the Korld.-#*+-#*$-#*&The Thailand industry has an annual

output oG near #.' million vehicles, mostly commercial vehicles.-#*&

5ost oG the vehicles built in Thailand are developed and licensed by Goreign producers, mainlyQapaneseand South 6orean. The Thai car industry taes advantage oG the9SE9 Free Trade9rea(9FT9) to Gind a maret Gor many oG its products. Eight manuGacturers, Give Qapanese, tKoUS, and TataoG 2ndia, produce pic:up trucs in Thailand.-#*'Thailand is the second largestconsumer oG pic:up trucs in the Korld, aGter the US.-citation needed2n +*#&, pic:ups accounted Gor&+1 oG all neK vehicle sales in Thailand.-#*'

Tourism

Tourism in Thailandmaes up about =1 oG the economy. Thailand Kas the most visited countryin Southeast 9sia in +*#$, according to the


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+.1 oG the >P.-#*2t is believed that at least #*1 oG tourist dollars are spent on the seM trade.-#*0

Agriculture

Thailand had long been thelargest rice eMporter in the Korld. Forty:nine percent oG ThailandOslabour Gorce is employed in agriculture.-#*

Forty:nine per cent oG ThailandOs labour Gorce is employed in agriculture.-#*This is doKn Grom*1 in #0*.-#*ice is the most important crop in the country and Thailand had long been theKorldOs leading eMporter oG rice, until recently Galling behind both 2ndia and Nietnam.-##*Thailand has the highest percentage oG arable land, +.+'1, oG any nation in the reater 5eongSubregion.-###9bout ''1 oG the arable land area is used Gor rice production.-##+

9griculture has been eMperiencing a transition Grom labour:intensive and transitional methods toa more industrialised and competitive sector.-#*!etKeen #=+ and #0$, the agricultural sector

greK by &.#1 per year on average and continued to groK at +.+1 betKeen #0$ and +**.-#*

The relative contribution oG agriculture to >P has declined Khile eMports oG goods and serviceshave increased.

Energy

'1 oG ThailandOs electrical generation is poKered by natural gasin +*#&.-##$3oal:Gired poKerplants produce an additional +*1 oG electricity, Kith the remainder coming Grom biomass, hydro,and biogas.-##$

Thailand produces roughly one:third oG the oil it consumes. 2t is the second largest importer oG

oil in SE 9sia. Thailand is a large producer oG natural gas, Kith reserves oG at least #* trillioncubic Geet. 9Gter 2ndonesia, it is the largest coal producer in SE 9sia, but must import additionalcoal to meet domestic demand.

Demographics

Thailand had a population oG ==,+*,#'$-##&as oG +*#$. ThailandOs population is largely rural,concentrated in the rice:groKing areas oG the central, northeastern, and northern regions.

Thailand had an urban population oG &'.1 as oG +*#*, concentrated mostly in and around the!ango 5etropolitan 9rea.

ThailandOs government:sponsored Gamily planning program resulted in a dramatic decline inpopulation groKth Grom $.#1 in #=* to around *.&1 today. 2n #*, an average oG '. peoplelived in a Thai household. 9t the time oG the +*#* census, the average Thai household sie Kas$.+ people.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-107https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-107https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-108https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_production_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_production_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-110https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-110https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Mekong_Subregionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Mekong_Subregionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-111https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-111https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-IRRI_Thailand-112https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-Energy_Security-113https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-Energy_Security-113https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-114https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok_Metropolitan_Areahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-107https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-108https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rice_production_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture_in_Thailandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-110https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Mekong_Subregionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Mekong_Subregionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-111https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-IRRI_Thailand-112https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-ODI1-109https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_gashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-Energy_Security-113https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-Energy_Security-113https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand#cite_note-114https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangkok_Metropolitan_Area


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ThailandOs prevalent religion isTheravada !uddhism, Khich is an integral part oG Thai identityand culture. 9ctive participation in !uddhism is among the highest in the Korld. 9ccording tothe +*** census, &.=1 oG the countryOs population selG:identiGied as !uddhists oG the Theravadatradition. 5uslimsconstitute the second largest religious group in Thailand, comprising &.=1 oGthe population.-#-#+=

2slam is concentrated mostly in the countryOs southernmost provincesD Pattani, Rala,Satun,arathiKat,and part oG Songhla3humphon, Khich are predominantly 5alay, most oG Khomare Sunni 5uslims. 3hristians represent *.1 oG the population, Kith the remaining populationconsisting oG Sihsand 7indus, Kho live mostly in the countryOs cities. There is also a small buthistorically signiGicant QeKish community in Thailanddating bac to the #th century.

Theravada !uddhism, highly practised in Thailand.

Thai culture has been shaped by many inGluences, including 2ndian, Lao, !urmese, 3ambodian,

and 3hinese.

2ts traditions incorporate a great deal oG inGluence Grom 2ndia, 3hina, 3ambodia, and the rest oGSoutheast 9sia. ThailandOs national religion, Theravada !uddhism, is central to modern Thaiidentity. Thai !uddhismhas evolved over time to include many regional belieGs originating Grom7induism,animism, as Kell as ancestor Korship. The oGGicial calendarin Thailand is based onthe Eastern version oG the !uddhist Era(!E), Khich is '&$ years ahead oG the regorian(


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9s Kith other 9sian cultures, respect toKards ancestors is an essential part oG Thai spiritualpractice. Thais have a strong sense oG hospitality and generosity, but also a strong sense oG socialhierarchy. Seniority is paramount in Thai culture. Elders have by tradition ruled in Gamilydecisions or ceremonies. 4lder siblings have duties to younger ones.

Taboos in Thailand include touching someoneOs head or pointing Kith the Geet, as the head isconsidered the most sacred and the Goot the loKest part oG the body.

Cuisine

Thai cuisineblends Give Gundamental tastesD sKeet, spicy, sour, bitter, and salty. Some commoningredients used in Thai cuisine include garlic, chillies, lime 8uice, lemon grass, coriander,galangal, palm sugar, andGish sauce(nam pla). The staple Good in Thailand is rice, particularly8asmine variety rice(also noKn as "hom 5ali" rice) Khich is included at almost every meal.Thailand Kas long the KorldOs largest eMporter oG rice, and Thais domestically consume over#** g oG milled rice per person per year.-##+4ver ',*** varieties oG rice Grom Thailand are

preserved in the rice gene ban oG the 2nternational ice esearch 2nstitute(22), based in thePhilippines. The ing oG Thailand is the oGGicial patron oG 22.-#+0

ports

5uay Thai(ThaiD , TSD 5uai Thai, -mua8 t a8 , lit. "Thai boMing") is a native Gorm oG

icboMing and ThailandOs signature sport. 2t incorporates ics, punches, nees and elboKstries in a ring Kith gloves similar to those used in


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ugby is also a groKing sport in Thailand Kith the Thailand national rugby union teamrising tobe raned =#st in the Korld.-#$+Thailand became the Girst country in the Korld to host aninternational 0* g KelterKeight rugby tournament in +**'.-#$$The national domestic Thailandugby Union (TU) competition includes several universities and services teams such as3hulalongorn University, 5ahasaraham University,6asetsart University, Prince oG Songla

University, Thammasat University,angsit University, the Thai Police,the Thai 9rmy,the Thaiavyand the oyal Thai 9ir Force. Local sports clubs Khich also compete in the TU includethe !ritish 3lub oG !ango, the Southerners Sports 3lub (!ango)and the oyal !angoSports 3lub.

Thailand has been called the golG capital oG 9sia-#$&as it is a popular destination Gor golG. Thecountry attracts a large number oG golGers Grom Qapan, 6orea, Singapore, South 9Grica, andemocracy 5onument in !ango.

a8amangala ational Stadiumis the biggest sporting arena in Thailand. 2t currently has acapacity oG =',***. 2t is in !ang 6api, !ango. The stadium Kas built in #0 Gor the #09sian ames and is the home stadium oG theThailand national Gootball team.

The Kell:noKn Lumpini !oMing Stadium Kill host its Ginal 5uay Thai boMing matches on February +*#& aGter the venue Girst opened in >ecember #'=. 5anaged by the oyal Thai9rmy, the stadium Kas oGGicially selected Gor the purpose oG muay Thai bouts GolloKing acompetition that Kas staged on on #' 5arch #'=. From ## February +*#&, the stadium Killrelocate to am 2ntra oad, due to the neK venueOs capacity to accommodate audiences oG up to$,'**. Foreigners typically pay betKeen #,***/+,*** baht to vieK a match, Kith pricesdepending on the location oG the seating.-#$
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