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Presented By:Shreyansh Sinha

Class:- 8 th ‘A-2’

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Clause – a group of words that have asubject and a verb that must alwaysagree

Phrase – a noun, verb, or prepositionwith all its modi ers - does NOT have a subject and verb which agree

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Noun phrasesVerb phrases

Prepositional phrasesAppositive phrases

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e!ned as a verb "ith all o* its #odi!ers'+A,P ':

. completely frightened the seventh grade students & Verb - *ri/htened ,odi!er - $o#pletely'+A,P ':

…would like to improve her grammar skills.

Verb phrase - "ould li0e to i#prove

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"erunds # verbs that end in $ing% but &O NOT function as averb- function as nouns- e'ample( One teacher enjoys frightening newseventh graders. (noun as a direct object)

)n nitives- verbs that begin with $to%- function as a nouns, adjectives , or adverbs- e'ample( The language arts classroom is a place

students do not want to enter.Participles- verbs that function as an adjective- e'ample( The screeching teacher frightened

the students.

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e!ned as the preposition )the object o* the preposition 1preposition who or

"hat ) and all its modi ers

'(a#ple: The frustrated, irritated teachersenrolled

in r. !u"#s $ %rammar for &ummies'class.

preposition - in object of the preposition - class modi ers # !r *u+ s, $"rammar for &ummies%

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e!nition: 3ords that $ontain a sub%e$t and a verb "hi$h #ust al"ays a/ree&

4"o types o* $lauses: 5ndependent Clause ependent Clause

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An independent $lause ,6S4 7AV' a sub%e$tand a verb "hi$h a/ree&

'(a#ple:The frustrated, irritated teachers nally

understood the basic grammar concepts.

All the "ords in an independent $lause $an act alone as a sentence

They are a complete thought

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ependent $lauses are o set by asubordinatin/ $on%un$tion- it is due to this$on%un$tion that the $lause is $onsidereddependent& 4here are three di erent typeso* dependent $lauses:9& Adverb2& Ad%e$tive& Noun

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A$ts as an adverb- #odi!es a verb&Subordinatin/ Con%un$tions: A*ter) Althou/h)As) Be*ore) Be$ause) 5*) Sin$e) 6ntil) 3hen)3hile'(a#ples: 4he elevator "ill not #ove until the doors are

$losed&No one #ay enter the roo# "hile the red li/ht is

on&

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A$ts as an ad%e$tive- #odi!es a noun&Subordinatin/ Con%un$tions: 4hat) 3hi$h) 3ho)3ho#) 3hose- 3ho) 3ho#) 3hose; es$ribe People- 4hat) 3hi$h ; es$ribe 4hin/s&'(a#ples:

ad needs a se$retary "ho $an spea0Portu/uese &

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A$ts as a noun or repla$es a noun&Subordinatin/ Con%un$tions: "ho) "ho#)"hat) "hi$h) "hoever) "ho#ever)"hatever) "hen) "hether) "here) ho") "hy&'(a#ples:3hat happened ne(t surprised us all&

4he real surprise is ho" the #ovie ends&

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4han0 =ou >>>>