Short Sea Shipping Initiative Presented at:
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Transcript of Short Sea Shipping Initiative Presented at:
Short Sea Shipping Initiative
Presented at:
FHWA’s Talking Freight Seminar
December 17, 2003
Carl J. Sobremisana U.S. Maritime Administration
Presentation Outline
• Introduction and Description of Maritime Administration (MARAD) and Short Sea Shipping (SSS) Initiative
• Lessons Learned from European SSS• Overview of U.S. Waterway System• Needs and Activities of SSS• Challenges and Accomplishments • Conclusions and Recommendations
U.S. Maritime Administration
Mission
History of Short Sea Shipping (SSS)
SSS in the Western World began between 1200 B.C. and 900 B.C. by the Phoenicians in the Mediterranean Sea and in the U.S. in 1600 A.D. along the East Coast.
Working Definition
“SSS is defined as commercial waterborne transportation that does not transit an ocean. It is an alternative form of commercial transportation that utilizes inland and coastal
waterways to move commercial freight off already congested highways, thereby providing more efficient and safer
roadways for car passengers while alleviating congestion at critical choke points. A secondary effect of SSS would be reduction of air pollution and overall fuel consumption
through economies of scale. Without building more highways, SSS can provide additional capacity with the National Transportation System through greater use of
waterborne carriage and can enhance linkages to our North and South American trading partners.”
Lessons from North Europe
•Short Sea Shipping: strong and growing
•Reduces road congestion
•Economizes on fuel & reduces pollution
•Viable services require
•reliability
•high frequencies
•short transit times
•imaginative infrastructure
3
Rotterdam mainport
RotterdamRotterdam
1,300 km (80 0 miles)350 million people
950 km (600 miles)220 million people
500 km (300 miles)160 million people
8
Hinterland connections
RailRoad
Shortsea - feederPipeline
Inland shipping
U.S. Waterway System
U.S. Army Corps of EngineersNational Data Center - National Waterway System
Source: Federal Highway Administration
Top Gateways for International Freight Exports and Imports in Tons
Exports
Imports
Source: Federal Highway Administration
Water transportation is efficientWater transportation is efficientThis ONE barge is equal to...
180 Trucks
•25,000 miles of inland and coastal waterways•Waterways connections to 152,000 miles of rail•Waterway links to 460,000 miles of pipelines•Port connections to 45,000 miles of interstate highways
Distance covered per cargo - tonDistance covered per cargo - tonwith the same quantity of fuelwith the same quantity of fuel
Port of Portland Terminal 5
Barges and deep-seavessels are worked on the same wharf with the same cranes
Source: JWD Consultants
Barges in Portland
Source: JWD Group
Source: JWD Consultants
Matson Barge for Hawaii Service
Source: JWD Group
SSS New Development Activities
• NY- NJ Port Inland Distribution Network
• MARAD High Speed Ferry and Coastwise Vessel Studies
• State of Florida Intra-coastal and Inland Waterway www.dot.state.fl.us/publictransportation/Documents/WaterwayStudy/WaterwayStudy.htm
• Gulf of Mexico and U.S. Short Sea Shipping www.gomsa.org
Drivers of Success for Short Sea Vessels
• Line haul vessel costs, costs at origin, costs at destination
• Adapt vessel to land rather than vice versa
• Environmental, Safety, and QOL Factors
• Policy Focus and Incentives
TAKING A FRESH APPROACH: Port Inland Distribution Network A Port Authority of New York / New Jersey Concept
A SPECIALIZED VESSEL DESIGNED TO CARRY ROCKETS FROM THE INLAND WATERWAY STYSTEM TO CAPE KENNEDY:
• Operates in Shallow Rivers and Low Bridges.
• Also carries commercial cargo
TAKING A FRESH APPROACH: DELTA IV ROCKET TRANSPORT
Why the U.S. needs SSS?- Congestion increases for passengers and freight
- Air pollution increases in urban areas
- Accidents increase: Surface truck traffic in mix with passengers causes safety issues
- Economic growth relies on a smooth flow of goods
- Existing infrastructure cannot handle the increases
1. Not integrated
2. Highway centric
3. Aging infrastructure
4. Not set up for urban population increases
5. Transport nodes are in urban centers
GROWTH BY REGION: US INTER & INTRA-REGIONAL TONNAGE GROWTH
TO 2020
Source: Federal Highway Administration
THE ISSUES:
•U.S. global maritime trade expected to double by 2020
•10,000 more trucks per day projected on the I-95 corridor
•Cost of expanding U.S. highway system is significant:
New highway can cost $32 Million per lane mileNew highway interchanges can cost over $100 million
Challenges to SSS
THE CHALLENGE: USE ALL ELEMENTS OF THE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
TO MEET GROWING DEMAND
Projected highway congestion in 2020: Source - Federal Highway Administration
US/Mexico Truck Traffic on US Highway Network, 2020 (Tons)
Source: Federal Highway Administration
US Department of Transportation
1. FrequencyOne sailing per week insufficient
2. Container sizeDomestic market favored bigger boxes
3. Overweight containers4. Drayage expense to and from port facility
S.S. Manulani
Market Challenges
Source: TRB Marine Board Spring Meeting
Shipping System Market Integration and Ship Operating Challenges
• Formation of partnerships with trucking industry
• Implement single bill of lading interface and shore-side distribution systems
• Develop reliable schedules with trucking, rail, and/or ocean container connections
• Structure and implement low cost ship operating crew complement
Source: TRB Marine Board 2003 Spring Meeting
Source: TRB Marine Board 2003 Spring Meeting
SSS Challenges (Continued)
• Terminal Operational Challenges– Federal Harbor Maintenance Tax, Stevedoring
Costs, Terminal Location, Terminal Facilities
• Jones Act Challenges– High Capital Costs of Ships and Crews
• Ship Financing Challenges– Mitigating Financial Risks
Source: TRB Marine Board 2003 Spring Meeting
Matson’s Pacific Coast Shuttle
Distance/Transit Time
Los Angeles to Seattle: 1,144 miles - 2.5 days
Seattle to Oakland: 807 miles - 1 day, 16 hours
Successes and Snags in U.S. Short Sea Shipping
MARAD SSS Accomplishments
• New York City SSS Conference
• Establishment of MARAD Task Force on SSS
• Creation of of SSS Cooperative (SCOOP)
• Sarasota, FL SSS Conference
• MOC with U.S./Canada/Mexico
• MOC with Gulf of Mexico States Accord (GOMSA) and Gulf of Mexico States Partnership
International Cooperation on SSS
MARAD shared information on SSS in the U.S. at the “Pentaport Seminar to Develop the Port of Incheon as a Logistics Hub in Northeast Asia”
Conclusions
National Freight Policy
• There is a need to establish an intermodal freight policy in USDOT that integrates robust SSS within the U.S. Marine Transportation System
• Educating the public-at-large, including state departments of transportation, metropolitan planning organizations, shippers, railroads, and truckers of the benefits of SSS
Future SSS Initiatives
• Development of Partnerships with the Public and Private sectors
• U. S. Department of Transportation Strategic Plan
• MARAD Strategic Plan
• Creation of a MARAD SSS Program
For further information contact:
Carl J. Sobremisana
Secretary of the MARAD SSS Task Force
(202) 366-5471
E-mail: [email protected]
MARAD Web Site: www.marad.dot.gov