SHOCK

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What is Shock? A condition of insufficient supply of blood reaching body

tissues

Certain degree of shock is found in most illness or trauma situations

Shock is progressive, rather than static condition

If the conditions causing the shock are not controlled, death may occur, even if the conditions are not fatal in their own right.

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Signs and Symptoms Increased pulse rate Decreased pulse strength Pale, cool, clammy skin;

delayed capillary refill; cool extremities,

Decreased LOC Increased respiration rate

Thirst High anxiety,

restlessness, aggression General weakness,

dizziness, nausea Drop in blood pressure

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Treating Shock Treatment is the same, regardless of the cause or type:

Administer oxygen Keep the patient warm Lay the patient down Treat the patient gently Give nothing by mouth Closely monitor the patient. Record vital signs and

history. Reassure the patient Activate EMS and treat as Load and Go

Treatment Do the following as required:

Assure adequate breathing Move patient to recovery position in case of vomiting Assist patient to take medication Control bleeding, splint fractures and administer other

first aid to address the cause of shock

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Types of Shock Cardiogenic (pump problems)

Caused by many heart problems

Hypovolemic (plasma problems) Caused by blood loss

Distributive types (pipe problems) Anaphylactic

Anaphylactic shock is a MEDICAL EMERGENCY

Caused by a severe allergic reaction

May cause severe swelling of the neck and face, blocking the airway

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Types of Shock Neurogenic

Caused by injury to the spinal cord Disrupts nerve control of blood vessel walls

Psychogenic (a.k.a. Fainting)Caused by physical or emotional stressSudden dilation of peripheral blood vessels

SepticCaused by infectionToxins cause dilation of bypassing vessels between arteries

and veins, preventing blood from reaching cells via the capillaries