SHILPA SHETTY KUNDRA SOPHIE CHOUDRYsouthasiandaily.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/08/part_311.pdf ·...

GTA REALTORS RELEASECOMMERCIAL MARKET STATISTICS

KANIKA KAPOOR MANDIRA BEDIMALAIKA ARORA KHANSHILPA SHETTY KUNDRA SOPHIE CHOUDRY

RAVEENA TANDON DURING THE UNVEILING OF THE BHARAT PRERNA AWARDS SPECIAL ISSUE POWERED BY STARDUST IN MUMBAI.

NISSAN ROGUE TRAILWARRIOR PROJECT SETSTRACKS FOR ADVENTURE

NEW YORK - Nature tells us that hiding in plain sight can, at times, bea species' best defense. For the new Nissan Rogue Warrior TrailProject, camouflage is likely not enough - especially while hiding in the Nissandisplay at the 2017 New York International Auto Show, April 14 through 23 at theJacob Javits Convention Center. The special one-off project vehicle is one ofseveral unique takes on Nissan's best-selling Rogue crossover created exclu-sively for the New York show. Two features dominate the appearance of the RogueTrail Warrior. First, the exterior design treatment that combines a custom camou-flage body wrap, khaki-painted tracks system and military-style yellow glass-works. And then there are the snow/sand tracks. The DOMINATOR® Tracks, fromAmerican Track Truck, Inc., are 48 inches long, 30 inches high and 15 inches wide,and they replace the Rogue's regular wheels and tires. The suspension and wheelwells were modified to fit the track system, but otherwise all drivetrain compo-nents, including the 2.5-liter DOHC 16-valve inline 4-cylinder Rogue powerplantand Xtronic transmission, are standard factory issue.

TORONTO - Toronto Real Estate Board President Larry Cerqua an-nounced that TREB Commercia l Network Members repor ted5,538,743 square feet of combined industrial, commercial/retailand office space leased through TREB's MLS System in the firstquar ter of 2017. This result was down on a year-over-year basiscompared to 6,421,452 combined square feet of leased spacerepor ted in the first quar ter of 2016.The majority of space leased was accounted for by the industrialsegment of the market, within which agreements were reachedfor almost 3.9 million square feet, or 70 per cent of total spaceleased. Leased office space, at almost 942,000 square feet, fol-lowed by commercial/retail, at approximately 717,000 square feet,accounted for the balance of leasing activity.The average industrial lease rate, for proper ties leased on a persquare foot net basis with pricing disclosed was $6.39 - up from$5.20 in the first quar ter of 2016. In Q1 2017, no large spaces (i.e.greater than 50,000 square feet) were repor ted leased throughTREB's MLS® System. Larger spaces generally lease for lessper square foot, all else being equal. Therefore, the absence oflarge industrial leases in Q1 2017 accounts for much of the higheraverage lease rate.The combined number of industrial, commercial/retail and office

sales amounted to 234 in Q1 2017 - down from 326 in Q1 2016.The average selling price for transactions where pricing was dis-closed was up for all three major market segments. Much of theseprice increases, however, was due to changes in the type, size andgeography of transactions on a year-over-year basis.

Both obesity and low BMI mayup migraine risk in womenNEW YORK, (IANS) Young women with obesity or underweightconditions may be at an increased risk for migraine, accordingto a study. Migraine is a headache of varying intensity, oftenaccompanied by nausea and sensitivity to light and sound. Thestudy revealed that people who are obese (defined as a bodymass index or BMI of 30 or higher) were 27 per cent more likelyto have migraine than people of normal weight.On the other hand, people who were underweight (defined as aBMI of less than 18.5) were 13 per cent more likely to havemigraine than people of normal weight. "As obesity and beingunderweight are potentially modifiable risk factors for migraine,awareness of these risk factors is vital for both people withmigraine and doctors," said lead author B. Lee Peterlin, fromJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine. For the study,detailed in the journal Neurology, a total of 12 studies with288,981 par ticipants were included. The risk entailed by obe-sity and the risk of migraine was found to be different in womenand men and in younger and older people.

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City of Toronto launches the Seventh Annual Mayor's School Cricket Tournament

Mayor John Tory, and Helen Berhane, Deputy Chair of the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA), officiallylaunched the seventh annual Mayor's School Cricket Tour-

nament. Also taking par t were Councillor Chin Lee, Board MemberToronto Police Services Board, Barry Williams, Vice President - Play-ing, Canadian Tire Corporation, Angelos Bacopoulos, Associate Di-rector, Toronto District School Board; and Frank D'Amico, Vice Chair,Toronto Catholic District School Board. John Moore, Newstalk 1010host, was the event's MC."This tournament has given young Torontonians the oppor tunities toengage in an emerging new spor t that is hugely popular in Toronto,"

said Mayor Tory. "I am delighted to see so many of Toronto's youngcricketers receiving cricket awards today."The 2017 tournament will be held May 15 to 19, 2017 at SunnybrookPark and G Ross Lord Park. The GTA finals will be held on June 3,2017 at Sunnybrook Park.At today's event, the 2017 individual awards were presented to thefollowing players:High School BoysBest Batter - HERICK PATEL, NORTH ALBION COLLEGIATE INSTITUTEBest Bowler - THUVARAGAN PATHMESWARAN, WOBURN COLLE-GIATE INSTITUTE

MVP - HARSH JOSHI, WOBURN COLLEGIATE INSTITUTEHigh School GirlsBest Batter - FIZZA HUSSAIN , EMERY COLLEGIATE INSTITUTEBest Bowler - PRIYA PATEL, YORK MEMORIAL COLLEGIATE INSTI-TUTEMVP - MEGAN YOUGNAUTH, YORK MEMORIAL COLLEGIATE INSTI-TUTEMiddle School BoysBest Batter - ASHAUN SEECHARAN , CHARLES GORDON SENIORPUBLIC SCHOOLBest Bowler - RAJ PADHIAR , SMITHFIELD MIDDLE SCHOOLMVP - SHENDURAN SIVASUBRAMANIAM, CHARLES GORDON SE-NIOR PUBLIC SCHOOLLast year's tournament winners and runners-up were as follows.2016 High School BoysChampions: WOBURN COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE (TDSB)

JEAN VANIER CSS (TDSB)Runner-up: NORTH ALBION COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE (TDSB)

MONSIGNOR PERCY JOHNSON CSS (TCDSB)2016 High School GirlsChampions: YORK MEMORIAL COLLEGIATE INSTITUTERunner-up: EMERY COLLEGIATE INSTITUTE2016 Middle Schools:Champions: CHARLES GORDON SENIOR PUBLIC SCHOOL (TDSB)

BLESSED SACRAMENT CS (TCDSB)Runner-up: SMITHFIELD MIDDLE SCHOOL (TDSB)

ST. MARIA GORETTI CS (TCDSB)Toronto is Canada's largest city, the four th largest in Nor th America,and home to a diverse population of about 2.8 million people. It is aglobal centre for business, finance, ar ts and culture and is consis-tently ranked one of the world's most livable cities. In 2017, Torontowill honour Canada's 150th bir thday with "TO Canada with Love," ayear-long program of celebrations, commemorations and exhibitions.For information on non-emergency City services and programs, Toronto resi-dents, businesses and visitors can visit toronto.ca, call 311, 24 hours a day, 7 daysa week, or follow us on Twitter at twitter.com/TorontoComms and on Instagram atinstagram.com/cityoftoThe Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA) is the world's largestand leading professional body of management accountants. Through our partner-ship with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) we sup-port and give voice to 150,000 Chartered Global Management Accountants (CGMAs)across the globe. CIMA members and students work in industry, commerce, thepublic sector and not-for-profit organizations. CIMA works closely with employersand sponsors leading-edge research, constantly updating its qualification, profes-sional experience requirements and continuing professional development to en-sure it remains the employers' choice when recruiting financially-trained businessleaders. Professionalism and ethics are at the core of CIMA's activities withevery member and student bound by rigorous standards so that integ-rity, exper tise and vision are brought together. For more informationabout CIMA, please visit www.cimaglobal.com Follow CIMA onTwitter at www.twitter.com/CIMA_News.

MAYOR JOHN TORY AND CANADIAN TIRE VICE PRESIDENT WITHCHARLES GORDON SPS CRICKET TEAM. EDWARD NORFOLK RECEIVING MAYOR'S AWARD.

COACH ALICIA PERERA RECEIVING AWARD FROM MAYOR JOHNTORY AND CANADIAN TIRE VP BARRY WILLIAMS.

CIMA DIRECTOR RANIL MENDIS WITH YORK MEMORIALCRICKET TEAM. PICTURE COURTESY: BASHIR NASIR


TUESDAY, APRIL 18, 2017l i f e s t y l e

ALIA BHATT, VIDYA BALAN AND REKHA BOND AT THE SCREENING OF BEGUM JAAN IN MUMBAI.

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Funded by the Alber ta Foundationfor the Ar ts and Canadian Heri-tage, the students of over 45Alber ta Schools are creating andper forming an original theatreproduction that is par t of Trick-ster Theatre's residency program,Canada 150: Our Many Faces. Theonly one of its kind in the country,this Canada 150 program involvesover 15,000+ students and up to30,000 dedicated parents and vol-unteers coming together to cel-ebrate and express the many cul-tures and histories that are par tof Canada.Each residency and show isbased on a theme chosen by theschool and developed with theassistance of Trickster Theatre.Trickster Theatre has encouragedschools to be creative with theirtheme choice. Alber ta schoolstaking par t in this program havebeen looking at countless aspectsof the Canadian experience. Thisyear Khalsa School held a Canada150 residency on Sikhs inCanada: Past to Present, andEdmonton's Caernarvon School

completed a residency on Man-dar in and Musl im Cul ture inCanada. The students of Calgary'sKhalsa School expressed Sikh-Canadian history, the good and thebad, and took the time to imaginethe future for Sikh's in Canada;

one that includes a Sikh womanas Prime Minister. The studentsof Caernarvon School inEdmonton created focused on thetheme of Muslim and MandarinCulture in Canada, creating andper forming pieces on Showing

Kindness to New Canadians, andThe Building of the Canadian Pa-cific Railway. Students of par tici-pating schools are also creatingvideo essays of 'their Canada'. Formore information on this projectplease visit canada150kids.ca

Can Instagram helpadolescents fight depression?LONDON, (IANS) Some may scoff at adolescents' use ofsocial media networks as they pine for likes, but a newstudy suggests that using the photo-sharing app Instagramcan actually strengthen the closeness of their friendshipswhich in turn may help curb depression. "This age groupmay be par ticularly at risk for the impact of Instagram,given the increasing popularity of Instagram in adolescenceand given the increase of depressive symptoms during thisstage of life," said researcher Eline Frison from Universityof Leuven in Belgium."This study offers practitioners greater insight into the out-comes of adolescents' Instagram use," Frison said. Thefindings are scheduled to be presented at the 67th annualInternational Communication Association conference to beheld at San Diego, California from May 25-29, 2017. From2013-2014, Frison set up a large-scale study to investigatethe relationships between adolescents' social networkingsite use and their well-being. Students filled out paper-and-pencil surveys between six-month periods. The surveysasked students about their use of social networking siteslike Facebook, Snapchat, and Instagram, and their well-being (depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, loneliness).

WOMEN PREFER LOOKSOVER OTHER TRAITS IN MENNEW YORK, (IANS) While looking for a potential par tner,women are likely to choose men who are physically at-tractive, no matter how respectful, friendly, ambitious orintelligent the others may be, a study has shown. "Thismay signal that unattractiveness is less acceptable towomen than to their mothers," said Madeleine Fugere ofthe Eastern Connecticut State University in the US. The find-ings revealed that mothers are not quite as picky though,and will choose a man who is only reasonably attractivefor their daughters. In the study, published in the journalEvolutionary Psychological Science, mothers rated all men,even the least attractive ones, as potentially desirable par t-ners for their daughters.Daughters, on the other hand, werefound to be more fussy than their parents. They prefer anattractive man, irrespective of his personality traits. "It mightalso mean that women and their mothers may have differ-ent notions of what constitutes a minimally acceptable levelof physical attractiveness, with mothers employing a lessstringent standard than their daughters," said Fugere.



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ACTORS JIGYASA AND MANISH AT THE 5TH COLORS GOLD PETAL AWARDS.

EATING FRESH FRUITS EVERYDAYMAY KEEP DIABETES AT BAY

LONDON, (IANS) A bowl of freshfruits a day may lower the risk ofdeveloping diabetes by 12 per cent,a study has showed. In individualswith diabetes, consuming fresh fruitmore than three days a week wasassociated with a 17 per cent lowerrelative risk of dying. Further, it canlower the risk of developing diabe-tes-related complications affectinglarge blood vessels - ischaemic heartdisease and stroke - and small bloodvessels - kidney diseases, eye dis-eases, and neuropathy - by 13-28 percent, the findings revealed.Although the health benefits of dietsincluding fresh fruit and vegetablesare well established, the relativelyhigh sugar content of fruit has led touncertainty about associated risksof diabetes and of vascular compli-cations of the disease, said Huaidong

Du of the University of Oxford. Thishas led to frequent abstention fromfruit consumption among individualswith diabetes in many parts of theworld, he noted in the paper pub-lished in the journal PLOS Medicine.The study, which assessed nearly500,000 people from China, alsoshowed that people who reported el-

evated consumption of fresh fruit hadan estimated 0.2 per cent reductionin the absolute risk of diabetes overfive years. In addition, higher con-sumption of fresh fruit in people withdiabetes, led to the decrease in mor-tality risk of 1.9 per cent at five years,and lower risks of microvascularand macrovascular complications.


TUESDAY, APRIL 18, 2017l i f e s t y l e

ARJUN KAPOOR AND SHRADDHA KAPOOR AT THE TRAILER LAUNCH OF THEIR UPCOMING FILM HALF GIRLFRIEND IN MUMBAI.

Belt your sari, ditch the petticoat, change traditionNEW DELHI, (IANS) Flaunt your saris in different ways other than thetraditional style. Replace the blouse with a chic crop top or add a beltfor added style, suggest exper ts. Bhavya Chawla, Chief Stylist atVoonik and Yashodhara Shroff, Director and founder at Styletag.comhave given tips on how you can stylise your six-yard wonder in inno-vative ways:* Ditch traditional blouse for a crop top: Pair a funky crop top withyour sari. Choose from polka dotted prints or monochrome coloursand Aztec prints and flaunt your midriff in these hot picks. You canalso switch to peplums.* Top it with jackets or shir ts: Spor t an embroidered, velvet, denim orcollared jacket with sari. Try coverall jackets and sheer printed shir ts

to look trendy. Pick a heavily embroidered jacket and team it with aplain sari or a collared jacket like the Victorian ruffled high collarstyle to dazzle in the traditional attire.* Belt your sari: Using the right belt can make you look classy in asari. Look for a metal waist belt or an embellished one in leather orfabric that can be worn a little above your waistline. Belts can give thesari a perfect structure and hold your pleats in place. The belt cansave the pallu from sliding off as well.* Ditch the sari petticoat: Team your sari with a pair of palazzos, dhotipants or jeans to spor t a modern look. Traditionally, a sari is drapedover a petticoat, but play it up with these combinations to make astatement.

First light-activated drug offershope for pain treatmentLONDON, (IANS) In a first, scientists have developed a drugactivated by light which has therapeutic applications for thetreatment of pain. The new "photo-drug" - JF-NP-26 - is amolecule that can be specifically activated at any wishedmoment (that is, with a high spatiotemporal resolution) withlight, the researchers said."This is the first light-activated drug designed for the treat-ment of pain in vivo with animal models," said FranciscoCiruela, Professor at the University of Barcelona. JF-NP-26 isactivated when receiving light - using an optical fibre - of asuitable wave length and with an exact precision on the targettissue (brain, skin, ar ticulations, etc). The drug does not showtoxic or unwanted effects even if the dose is high in short-length studies on animals.The discovery, published in the journal eLife, will overcomethe problems faced with the uses and effects of current drugssuch as slow and inexact distribution of the drug, lack ofspatiotemporal traits in the organism and difficulties in thedose adjustments, the researchers said. JF-NP-26's lighten-ing includes a treatment on the molecule that releases theactive molecule (raseglurant) that blocks the metabotropicglutamate type 5 (mGlu5) receptor, found in lots of neuronalfunctions such as the spread of neuronal pain.Blocking this receptor allows preventing the pain from spread-ing into the brain. This can be produced both due to the outly-ing neurons and the central nervous system (brain) and cre-ate, in both cases, an analgesic effect as a result. "The mol-ecule created by the action of light, the raseglurant, does not belongto any group of drugs from the classic anti-pain list of drugs: non-steroidalanti-inflammatory drugs or NSAID (paracetamol, ibuprofen, etc.) andopioids (morphine, phentanyl)," Ciruela said.



MIDWEEK NEWS WEEKLY

TUESDAY, APRIL 18, 2017

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Why your shoelaces often get looseNEW YORK, (IANS) Ever wondered what causes your shoelaces toloosen even when you tie them as firmly as possible? It is becausewhile running, the force of a foot striking the ground stretches andthen relaxes the knot, a study has showed. As the knot loosens, asecond force caused by the swinging leg acts on the ends of thelaces, like an invisible hand, which rapidly leads to a failure of theknot in as few as two strides after iner tia acts on the laces.The findings, published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Soci-ety, may help understand things like DNA that fail under dynamicforces, the researchers said. "When you talk about knotted struc-tures, if you can star t to understand the shoelace, then you can applyit to other things, like DNA or microstructures, that fail under dynamicforces," said Christopher Daily-Diamond, graduate student at the Uni-

versity of California-Berkeley. Using a slow-motion camera and aseries of experiments, the researchers assessed a pair of runningshoes that were laced-up and were on a treadmill.They found that shoelace knot failure happens in a matter of sec-onds, triggered by a complex interaction of forces, as when running,the foot strikes the ground at seven times the force of gravity. Inaddition, the study showed that some laces might be better thanothers for tying knots, but the fundamental mechanics causing themto fail is the same. "The interesting thing about this mechanism isthat your laces can be fine for a really long time, and it's not until youget one little bit of motion to cause loosening that star ts this ava-lanche effect leading to knot failure," said Christine Gregg, graduatestudent at the University of California-Berkeley.

Interpersonal abuse in early lifemay affect cognitive skillsNEW YORK, (IANS) Experiencing interpersonal abuse beforethe age of 18 may affect the capacity to concentrate and stayfocused during later life, a study has showed. Interpersonalabuse includes intimate par tner abuse, adult survivors ofchild abuse, sexual assault, child abuse, bullying and elderabuse. The findings, appearing in the journal Brain and Be-havior, revealed that this failure to concentrate was associ-ated with abnormal connectivity in the brain, between theamygdala - a core region for emotion - and frontal areas thathelp maintain focus.The study offers a new perspective on the long-term impactof psychological trauma years, if not decades, after child-hood, the researchers said. "Trauma during one's youth maynot just cause difficulties with emotions later in life but mayalso impact day-to-day functioning like driving, working, edu-cation and relationships due to brain changes that stem fromthe trauma," said Michael Esterman, Assistant Professor atBoston University School of Medicine (BUSM). For the study,the team compared two groups of young: One had a history ofearly life abuse, while the other did not.Both groups performed a concentration test while their brainactivity was measured. The group that experienced traumaprior to 18 had worse concentration and abnormal communi-cat ion between "emot ional" regions (amygdala) and"attentional" regions of the brain (prefrontal cor tex). "Our re-sults suggest that early psychological interventions couldresult in better cognitive abilities as an adult," Esterman said.

WHY EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVEOIL IS GOOD FOR HEALTHNEW YORK, (IANS) A compound commonly found in extra-virgin olive oil can significantly reduce symptoms of insulinresistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - the negative ef-fects of a high-fat diet, a study has found. Hydroxytyrosol is a polyphenolfound in extra-virgin olive oil, which is known to have antioxidant proper-ties and may play a key role in its health benefits."Our research shows that in mice fed on a high-fat diet, hydroxytyrosolexerts a protective effect in the liver," said lead author Rodrigo Valenzuelafrom the University of Chile. The study conducted on a mice, showed thathydroxytyrosol was able to reduce liver enzymes that are linked to animbalance in the fatty acid composition of the liver, brain and heart aswell as increase their activity. "Our results indicate that hydroxytyrosolmay be a key part of the health benefits of extra virgin olive oil. We havedemonstrated that this compound may offer protection against oxidativestress and detrimental fatty acid composition in the liver, heart and braincaused by a high-fat diet," Valenzuela noted. For the study, published inthe journal Lipids in Health and Disease, the team fed four groups of 12-14 mice on either a high-fat diet (60 per cent fat) or a control diet (10 percent fat), with or without supplementation of 5mg hydroxytyrosol per kgbody weight, administered orally, for a 12 week period.

ACQUIRE LIFE SKILLS FOR GOOD HEALTH IN OLD AGELONDON, (IANS) People with higher scores on life skills - such as emotional stability, determination, control, optimism and conscien-tiousness - are more likely to experience a broad range of health benefits and positive social outcomes in their old age, a studysuggests. The findings showed that people who have more life skills enjoy a range of benefits, including greater financialstability, less depression, low social isolation, better health and fewer chronic diseases."No single attribute was more impor tant than others. Rather, the effects depended on the accumulation of life skills," saidAndrew Steptoe, Professor at the University College London. In the study, published in the journal PNAS, the academics lookedat the impact of these attributes in over 8,000 men and women aged 52 and older. People with more life skills benefitted fromfavourable objective biomarkers in the blood, including lower levels of cholesterol and of C-reactive protein - a marker of inflammationrelevant to a number of different diseases.

SHILPA SHETTY INTRODUCES A 'NOT FROM CONCENTRATE' TWIST WITH ITC FOODS' B NATURAL IN MUMBAI.



CELEBRITIES AT TRAILER LAUNCH OF FILM HAQ AT LADDU.

IMAGINE BEING IN WINTRY SETTINGFOR BETTER COGNITIVE CONTROL

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NEW YORK, (IANS) Just by looking at images of winterscenery and imagining yourself in such a setting can help youhave increased cognitive control, say researchers. Cognitivecontrol is the ability to deliberately inhibit responses or makechoices that maximise the long-term best interests of theindividual. For example, when a person is very hungry andsees a sandwich but does not eat it, he/she is exhibitingcognitive control."Metaphorical phrases like 'coldly calculating', 'heatedresponse' and 'cool-headed' actually have some scientificvalidity, which we demonstrate in our study," said leadresearcher Idit Shalev from Ben-Gurion University of theNegev (BGU) in Israel. The findings, published in the journalPsychological Research, demonstrated that the perception ofcold temperatures elicits greater cognitive control, even froma photo. "Previous research focused on the actual effect oftemperature on the psychological phenomenon known as'cognitive control'," Shalev said. "But this is the first time wewere able to measure the effects of perceived temperature,"Shalev added. In one of the experiments conducted for thestudy, 28 students were shown images of winter scenery, atemperature-neutral concrete street and a sunny landscape,and told to picture themselves in those settings.The researchers then measured how the par ticipants per-formed on an "anti-saccade task", an established cognitivecontrol measure which requires looking in the directionopposite to which an object is moving. "The result indicated

that those viewing the cold landscape did better and that evenwithout a physical trigger, cognitive control can be activatedthrough conceptual processes alone," Shalev said. The re-searchers said there is a possible explanation for the relation oftemperature and cognitive control with social proximity. "Whilesignals of warmth induce a relaxed attitude, cool signals triggeraler tness and a possible need for greater cognitive control,"Shalev explained.

FAN OF MUSIC FESTIVALS?GET YOUR LOOK RIGHTNEW DELHI, (IANS) When you step out to attend a musicfestival, make sure you deck up to soak in the vibe withthe right look, suggest exper ts. Hair care brand TIGI edu-cator Audrey D'Souza brings to you top hair styles that gowell with such occasions. For a simple hairdo:* Curl your hair with a curling iron, working one-inch sec-tion. Make sure you leave about one or two inches of the endsuntouched for a more natural feel.* Tie your hair into buns and let them stay so for about 30 min-utes. Open them up and spot spray to keep those waves in placeYou're ready to rock the look. For a pierced and braided hair style.* Part your hair from one side, with the pointed end of a teasingcomb. Work the smaller section of the hair into a tight braid - you canchoose to make this a waterfall braid or a usual one.* While you work through the braid, at regular intervals clip on therings or piercings to form a uniform pattern. Use a bobby pin to safelysecure the end of the braid behind the nape of your neck, tucked underthe larger section of your hair which is side-swept.

New technology may preservefertility of boys with cancerNEW YORK, (IANS) US scientists have found a promisingway to preserve sperm stem cells that could enable boys toundergo cancer treatment without risking their fer til ity.Adult men can have their sperm frozen before undergo-ing radiation or chemotherapy - cancer treatment thatcan render sperm infer tile.But boys who have not been through puber ty can onlyhave sperm stem cells removed and frozen in anticipa-tion of technology that could culture the cells and placethem back in the testes, where they produce sperm afterpuber ty. "I think it 's going to become the standard bywhich everybody cultures their cells, including trying todevelop conditions for human cells," said Jon Oatley,Associate Professor at Washington State University.For the study, published in the journal Stem Cell Repor ts,the team worked with prepubescent mouse pups and puta fluorescent tag on a gene specific to stem cells, whichrevealed the process of a stem cell differentiating to cre-ate the progenitors that eventually become sperm. Ini-tially, the stem cells creating energy through one method,called glycolysis, then switching to the second method,called oxidative phosphorylation, which produces freeradicals - reactive forms of oxygen that can be par ticu-larly harmful to a cell 's DNA. Thus, the team tried tochange the culture environment to favour glycolysis. Bylowering the oxygen in the culture (that is by adding ni-trogen to cut oxygen by more than half), the researchersfound they could dramatically improve the percentage ofstem cells capable of making normal sperm when putback into the testes. Where before only five per cent of thecells remained viable after six months, now 40 per centwere viable, the researchers noted. "We're getting an eight-fold improvement," Oatley added.



MIDWEEK NEWS WEEKLY


KARAN JOHAR WITH FARAH KHAN AND MANEISH PAUL ON THE 5TH GOLDEN PETAL AWARDS.

WHY EXERCISE ON EMPTY STOMACHMAY BE BETTER FOR YOUR HEALTH

NEW YORK, (IANS) If you have been wondering whether it is better toeat or fast before a workout, researchers now have an answer. A newstudy has found that exercise on empty stomach is better for yourhealth in the long term. The study analysed effects of eating versusfasting on gene expression in adipose (fat) tissue in response to exer-cise. After eating, adipose tissue "is busy responding to the meal anda bout of exercise at this time will not stimulate the same (beneficial)changes in adipose tissue", explained corresponding author of thestudy Dylan Thompson from University of Bath in Britain. "Thismeans that exercise in a fasted state might provoke morefavourable changes in adipose tissue, and this couldbe beneficial for health in the long term," Thomp-son added."We propose that feeding is likely to bluntlong-term adipose tissue adaptation toregular exercise," the researchersnoted in the study published inthe American Journal ofPhysiology - Endocrinologyand Metabolism. The studypar ticipants were a group of

overweight males who walked for 60 minutes at 60 per cent maxi-mum oxygen consumption on an empty stomach and, on another oc-casion, two hours after consuming a high-calorie carbohydrate-richbreakfast. The research team took multiple blood samples aftereating or fasting and after exercising. The researchers also col-lected fat tissue samples immediately before and one hour afterwalking. Gene expression in the adipose tissue differed signifi-

cantly in the two tr ials. The expression of twogenes, PDK4 and HSL, increased when the

men fasted and exercised and decreasedwhen they ate before exercising.The rise in PDK4 likely indicates thatstored fat was used to fuel metabo-

lism during exercise instead of carbohydrates from therecent meal. HSL typically increases when adipose tis-sue uses stored energy to support increased activity, suchas during exercise, Thompson said. These results reinforce theview that "adipose tissue often faces competing challenges," Th-ompson wrote. "This is the first study to show that feeding prior toacute exercise affects post-exercise adipose tissue gene ex-pression," the study said.

Canines can adopt humansperspective to find foodLONDON, (IANS) Dogs - known as the man's best friend -are also capable of adopting human perspective to correctlyinterpret cues and find food that they cannot see themselves,research has revealed. The findings showed that by adopt-ing the position of a human or seeing things from theirowner's point of view and following their gaze, dogs canidentify whether a human has an eye on a food source and,therefore, know where the food has been hidden."The ability to interpret our behaviour and anticipate ourintentions, which has obviously developed through a com-bination of domestication and individual experience, seemsto have suppor ted the ability to adopt our perspective," saidled investigator Ludwig Huber from the University of Veteri-nary Medicine Vienna. Within the first four or five years oflife human beings develop the ability to understand and in-terpret mental states such as emotions, needs and inten-tions of their fellow-being and react accordingly, while it isusually denied in animals.In the study, published in the journal Animal Cognition, re-searchers developed a new 'Guesser looking away' test,which gave clear evidence of dogs being able to adopt hu-man perspective and take advantage of it. In the experi-ment, a person in the middle hides the food and the potentialinformants were kneeing left and right of this hider. "To getthe food, the dogs have to understand who knows the hidingplace (Knower) and who does not and can, therefore, onlyguess (Guesser)."They must identify the informant they can rely on if theyhave to decide for one food container," Huber noted. In nearly70 per cent of the cases the dogs chose the container indi-cated by the Knower. Being able to adopt the perspective ofa human does, however, not require the ability to under-stand intentions or wishes. "But the study showed that dogscan find out what humans or conspecifics can or cannot see. "Byadopting the positions of humans and following their gazes geometri-cally, they find out what humans see and, therefore, know - and conse-quently whom they can trust or not," Huber said.

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