Shifting Perspectives

Unit 6 Part 1 Vocabulary and Theme

Light

Reflections

Mirrors

perspective

• View of something

• Can change as your position or focus changes

Energy

• When energy moves through air, water and even solids, it creates waves.

Electromagnetic waves

• Light waves

Radio waves

• Carries information through radio and television

Infrared waves

• Carries heat from sun and fire

• Used in heat lamps and remote controls

Ultraviolet waves

• Too short for humans to see

• Cause sunburn and skin cancer

X-rays

• Can pass through the body

• Used to photograph bones

Gamma rays

• Kill some cancer cells

• Contain much energy; produced by nuclear explosions

Learn Key Words

absorbed

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: to take something in through, to retain without reflection or transmission

• Synonym: consumed, immersed, soaked up

• Antonym: dry, parched, dehydrated

absorbed

• Carolina absorbed the warmth of the sun.

double

• Alejandro led a double life as a PHS student and secret agent.

double

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: twice as great or many

• Synonym: paired, twin, twofold, duplicated

• Antonym: lone, single

range

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: the full extent; the maximum distance

• Synonym: selection, collection, assortment, variety

• Antonym: no choice

range

• Mantas enjoys it when there is a wide range of prizes to choose from.

reflected

• Part of speech: verb

• Definition: to throw or bend back (light) from a surface; to give back or show an image; to make apparent

• Synonym: reproduced, mirrored, resonated

• Antonym: absorbed

reflected

• When it was 12:45, we could see the joy reflected in Maritza‘s eyes.

surface

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: the outer or topmost boundary of an object.

• Synonym: exterior, outside, peel

• Antonym: core, inside, interior

surface

• On the surface, it appeared that Abrar was mean again to Laura, but he deep down, he really cared for her.

transmitted

• Part of speech: verb

• Definition: to send a signal from one place to another, to communicate

• Synonym: sent electronically, broadcasted, radioed

• Antonym: got, received

transmitted

• Grace transmitted telepathic waves to Marta.

strikes

• Part of speech: verb

• Definition: hits

• Synonym: hits

• Antonym: misses

strikes

• Adriana gets her homework done, when the mood strikes her.

represent

• Part of speech: verb

• Definition: to stand for

• Synonym: symbolize, personify,

• Antonym: conceal, distort

represent

• Many students wear red on Fridays to represent the school.

parallel

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: two lines that stay the same distance apart and never touch

• Synonym: alongside, aligned

• Antonym: intersecting

parallel

• Kathryn sits parallel to Alejandro.

sheet

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: thin piece

• Synonym: piece, overlay

• Antonym: NONE

sheet

• Mai has several sheets of paper in her backpack.

appears

• Part of speech: verb

• Definition: looks like

• Synonym: resembles

• Antonym: NONE

appears

• Denis appears to have several friends, but does she really?

assumes

• Maritzaassumes that it will be hot again tomorrow.

assumes

• Part of speech: verb

• Definition: thinks that something is true; imagines

• Synonym: believes, imagines, thinks, expects

• Antonym: doubts

wealthy

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: rich

• Synonym: rich

• Antonym: poor

wealthy

• Marta is wealthy when it comes to love.

record

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: something written down so you can look at it later

• Synonym: chronicle, document

• Antonym: NONE

record

• Mai has a picture album that is a record of her time spent in the U.S.

witnesses

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: people who see something happen

• Synonym: onlookers, viewers

• Antonym: performers

witnesses

• Carolina, Maritza and Silvia are witnesses to Salim’s disappearance.

landmarks

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: familiar sights

• Synonym: guides, markers

• Antonym: NONE

landmarks

• When Abrar and Mantas become famous for their robberies, their houses will become landmarks in Palatine.

namesake

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: one having the same name as another

namesake

• Many people are named for someone but don’t know much about their namesake.

quaint

• Victor had some quaint hair styles.

quaint

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: old-fashioned

• Synonym: odd, peculiar, special, curious, bizarre

• Antonym: normal, ordinary, modern

kitschy

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: cheap or tacky

• Synonym: flashy, cheap, tacky, gaudy

• Antonym: drab

kitschy

• The teacher wore some kitschy clothes.

self-absorbed

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: people who liked themselves very much

• Synonym: selfish, egocentric, narcissistic, self-centered

• Antonym: humble, giving, selfless

self-absorbed

• The pilot was so self-absorbed that he did not hear the Little Prince talking to him.

Nirvana

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: paradise

• Synonym: paradise, heaven

• Antonym: hell

Nirvana

• For Adriana and Laura, taking tests is pure Nirvana.

panopticon

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: a place where everyone can be observed

panopticon

• Room 300 is the panopticon of summer school; everyone who is anybody is in here. This is where all the cool students are.

ajiaco

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: a spice used in Cuban food

ajiaco

• My mother uses ajiaco almost every night when she cooks.

mi vida

• Part of speech: noun expression

• Definition: my life (term of endearment in Spanish)

• Synonym: dear

ensconce yourself

• Part of speech: verb

• Definition: install yourself

ensconce yourself

• Carolina, Denis and Maritza, please ensconce yourselves in your seats, because the bell has rung.

bask in self-reflective glory

• Part of speech: verb phrase

• Definition: enjoy your own reflection

bask in self-reflective glory

• Many American girls bask in self-reflective glory in the washroom between classes.

harbored the fantasy

• Part of speech: verb phrase

• Definition: had the idea

harbored the fantasy

• Marta harbored the fantasy that there is never any homework on the weekends.

retain

• Part of speech: verb

• Definition: keep

• Synonym: hold

• Antonym: give up, lose

retain

• Mai and Alejandro retain what they learn.

glistening

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: shiny

• Synonym: sparkling, beaming, glowing

• Antonym: dark, dusky, gloomy

glistening

• The tears were glistening in Salim’s eyes as he told us he was no longer coming to class.

mausoleum

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: a place where dead people are buried

• Synonym: crypt, vault, grave

mausoleum

• In the mausoleum, the students remembered that the teacher’s lasts words were, “No homework? Over my dead body.”

tragic

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: very sad

• Synonym: catastrophic, disastrous, heartbreaking

• Antonym: blessed, advantageous

tragic

• It was tragic that Denis was killed by a Chinese yo-yo yesterday.

comic

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: funny

• Synonym: amusing

• Antonym: serious, sad

comic

• Laura’s comic manner made students laugh.

uproar

• Part of speech: adjective

• Definition: a lot of noise or angry protest against something

• Synonym: bedlam, ruckus

• Antonym: calm, peace

uproar

• There was a loud uproar when the students found out that the final exam would have 400 questions!

intend

• Part of speech: verb

• Definition: plan

• Synonym: plan, decide

• Antonym: forget, disregard

intend

• Silvia and Denis intend to study the boys.

immortality

• Part of speech: noun

• Definition: living forever

• Synonym: perpetuity, endlessness

• Antonym: ephemerality, finiteness

immortality

• Rainish, in his immortality, is talked about everyday.