Using Student Learning Objectives to Guide Instruction and Student Learning
Shifting Our Focus from Teaching to Student Learning Why do we need to consider changing the way we...
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Transcript of Shifting Our Focus from Teaching to Student Learning Why do we need to consider changing the way we...
Shifting Our Focus from Teaching to Student Learning
Why do we need to consider changing the way we think about student learning?
Connie Kopcsak
Whitfield County Schools
Dalton, Georgia
Agenda for J. Frank White Academy
• World Café• Review agenda and E. Q.• “Shift Happens”• Reflections • Levels of Engagement• Qwizdom assessment• Research-based practices• Engagement survey
What is Learning-Focused?
• Framework for thinking about, planning, and delivering instruction using exemplary practices with a focus on learning
• Research-based instructional practices
Learning-Focused Paradigm:
WHETHER students learn something wellis more important than WHEN they learn it.
Current Typical School Paradigm:
WHEN students learn something is moreimportant than WHETHER they learn it well.
Strategies That Most Impact Achievement Rank Strategy Effect
SizePercentile Gain
1 Extending Thinking Skills
1.61 45
2 Summarizing 1.00 34
3 Vocabulary In Context
.85 33
4 Advance Organizers
.73 28
5 Non-VerbalRepresentations
.65 25
(Marzano / ASCD, 2001US Department of Education: 2002)
Overview 13
Components of an Acquisition Lesson
• Essential Question
• Activating Strategies
• Vocabulary Strategies
• Teaching Strategies
• Summarizing Strategies
Typical Lessons for Coverage
What Is The Objective Of The Lesson ??
Preparation
Active Teaching
Massed Guided Practice
Closure
Acquisition Lessons 3
Acquisition Lessons for Learning
What Is The Essential Question Of The Lesson ??
Activating/Previewing
Teaching Strategies
Distributed Guided Practice orDistributed Summarizing
Summarize & Answer Essential Question
Acquisition Lessons 4
Let’s summarize what we learned…
Numbered heads
Find a neighbor beside you and decide who
is #1 and who is #2.
(You have 20 seconds to find your partner!)
# 1Tell #2 something new you have considered or thought about this morning regarding instruction.
#2Raise your hand when you have yourpartner’s answer.
#2
Tell # 1 one thing that you have
learned this morning.
#1
Raise your hand when you have
your partner’s answer.
Components of an Acquisition Lesson
•Essential Question• Activating Strategies
• Vocabulary Strategies
• Teaching Strategies
• Summarizing Strategies
What Is An Essential Question?
Concepts or skills in the form of questions
Purpose:• Sets the focus of the
lesson.
• Helps teacher gather evidence of learning (assessment).
Key Points• Posted in the classroom.• There is only one essential
question in a lesson. • Organize courses, units, &
lessons around questions; the content of lessons answers the questions.
• Based on curriculum• Allocate time to answer
Acquisition Lessons 19
Writing An Essential Question
• Make the teaching objective a question.• Students should be able to answer the question at
the end of the lesson.• What questions will foster further inquiry
understanding and transfer of learning?• Write the question for the lesson and then, if
necessary, rewrite the question for the students.• Question cannot be answered with yes or no.• Create connections for the learner with the content.• Be careful of questions connected by “and”.• Keep it simple!
Acquisition Lessons 23
Essential Questions …• What is foreshadowing?• How does foreshadowing help you
understand a story?• What forces contributed to the structure of
earth’s surface?• How do you graph linear equations?• What is the difference between least
common multiple and greatest common factor ?
Acquisition Lessons 20 & 21
Let’s summarize what we learned…
On your board, answer the following:
What is the purpose of having an Essential Question (E. Q.) for your lessons?
Components of an Acquisition Lesson
• Essential Question
•Activating Strategies• Vocabulary Strategies
• Teaching Strategies
• Summarizing Strategies
Activating
• What?– Hook and link
• Why?– Activate prior knowledge– Motivate– Preview key vocabulary– Prepare for learning
KWL OutlinesKWL Outline 1
-K-Think I Know…
-W-Think I’ll Learn…
-L-I Learned…
KWL Outline 2-K-
I Know-W-
Think I Know-L-
Learned
Activating Strategies 4-10
Wordsplash
PlantsRoots
Leaves
Stem
Flowers Trees
Vegetables
GreenWater
Sun
Activating Strategies 11-12
Anticipation Guide• The sequence tells you the order
of a story.• The middle comes before the end.
• The sequence of a passage tells the reader what comes last but not what is first.
• The sequence of a story tells you the beginnings, middle and end.
• You can sequence settings in a story.
_________
_________
__________
_________
_________
Activating Strategies 13-16
Me Text Statement
___ ___ 1. The Democratic Party is the oldest in the United States.
___ ___ 2. A political party is a social gathering held for a bunch of politicians.
___ ___ 3. Because all presidents have primarily been elected by two major political
parties, theUnited States is said to have a two-party
system.___ ___ 4. Party members usually share the same
beliefs about politics and about the role of government.
___ ___ 5. The Whigs were a political party that required the long white hair wigs
but when men wearing wigs went out of style, they disbanded.
Brainstorm
First Day of School
EQ: How do I get ready for the beginning of school?
Activating Strategies 17- 21
Draw a Picture or Diagram
EQ: How do I identify points on a grid?
Draw a picture of how to get to school from your house.
Activating Strategies 22
Activating Strategies
• Recall• Make Predictions• Game• Humor or Mystery• Exploration or Experience• Role Play or Simulation• Video clip, Music, Literature, Art
Let’s summarize what we learned…
Numbered heads#1 Tell #2 about one of the activating strategies
you could use in your classroom next week, or share an activating strategy that has been successful in your classroom
#2Raise your hand when you have your
partner’s answer.
#2
Tell #1 about an activating strategy that you have used or could use.
#1
Raise your hand when you have your partner’s answer.
Components of an Acquisition Lesson
• Essential Question
• Activating Strategies
• Vocabulary Strategies
•Teaching Strategies• Summarizing Strategies
Teaching
• What?– Cognitive strategies
• Why?– Mentally engage the learner while taking into consideration attention span– Organize information– Store information
Collaborative Pairs
• Collaborative Pairs is the base grouping and organizational tool for a classroom… It is hard to get lost in a pair.
• Research-Based Principles of Learning: Learning is constructed by the learner and is first a social activity before it is a cognitive activity.
• Actively engages students in the lessons.• Students are individually accountable for their own
learning.• Collaborative Pairs are used extensively in large group
acquisition lessons.• Basic Strategy for Collaborative Pairs: Numbered Heads
Acquisition Lessons 24
Pairs Checking
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A. Circle numbers.
B. Each student does their own work.
C. When they complete a circled number, stop. Check answers with partner. If agree, go on. If not, correct then continue.
Acquisition Lessons 25
Lecture/Large Group Lessons
• 1’s read about the lecture types on page 29.
• 2’s read about the lecture types on page 30.
• Share what you learned with your partner.
Acquisition Lessons 29-30
Graphic Organizers
Graphic Organizersfor
Comprehension
Graphic Organizersfor
Comprehension
Build ConnectionsExplore Relationships
Build ConnectionsExplore Relationships
Organize Information/Ideas
Organize Information/Ideas
Chunk Information
Improve memory
Chunk Information
Improve memory
Follow Steps in a Process
Follow Steps in a Process
Understand/Manage Learning
Understand/Manage Learning
Graphic Organizers 4
Effects of Using Organizers
“The average student studying with the aid of graphic organizers and thinking maps learns as much as the 90th percentile student studying the same material without the assistance of the organizing ideas.”
Wahlberg, 1991
Fish Bone (Cause/Effect)
Effect
Causes
Causes
Economic Geographic
Military Social- Political
World War II
Graphic Organizers 8
Compare and Contrast DiagramConcept: FRACTION Concept:DECIMAL
How Alike?
How Different?
With Regard To:
Denominator
ConvertingDenominators
Changing toPercentage
Graphic Organizers 14
Aesop’s Fables have a moral
It is said that Aesop was a slave in Greece long, long ago.
Aesop was smart.
There is no proof he wrote down fables- he told others.
Topic Tower
Main Idea
Main Idea – Aesop was responsible for the fables
Aesop’s FablesTOPIC
Detail
Detail
Detail
Detail
Main Idea
Mnemonics
• Some view as “memory trick”
• Students are given a device to help remember –store/recall –long term memory.
• Student is given a framework – cues and new information is associated with it.
Mnemonics
• Acrostic Sentence
• Acronym
• Rhythm and Rhyme
• Drawings
• Physical Movement
• Visualizations
Acquisition Lessons 33
Acrostic Sentence
• Every Good Boy Does Fine• Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally• My Very Earnest Mother Just Served us Nine
Pickles• King Henry Died Drinking Chocolate Milk• Kids Have Dropped Over Dead Converting
Metrics.• ( Play Music At the Church) - steps of Mitosis
Acquisition Lessons 34
Let’s summarize what we learned…
On your board, list at least 3 teaching strategies that you learned about today.
Components of an Acquisition Lesson
• Essential Question• Activating Strategies• Vocabulary Strategies• Teaching Strategies
•Summarizing Strategies
Students reflect on the
material being taught and
answer the essential
question.
SummarizingWhat is it?
Why have students summarize what they are learning?
• Summarizing is perhaps the key thinking skill for learning
• Summarizing is a LEARNING STRATEGY• Enables students to create a “schema” for the
information and remember it better and longer• Teachers can use as a formative assessment • Summarizing is key to knowing when and on what
to re-teach • Student summarizing should be distributed
throughout a lesson, not just at the end.
Summarizing Strategies 2
Two types of summarizing:
1. Distributed summarizing
(occurs throughout the lesson)
2. Summarizing at the end of the lesson
(provides evidence that students can
answer the essential question)
Acquisition Lessons for Learning
What Is The Essential Question Of The Lesson ??
Activating/Previewing
Teaching Strategies
Distributed Guided Practice orDistributed Summarizing
Summarize & Answer Essential Question
Distributed Summarizing
Numbered heads
Use of small boards
• Students are active in learning
• Each student writes down an answer and can easily revise ideas
• Quick way to assess learning and determine misconceptions
Acquisition Lessons 25
Ticket Out the Door• Write and tell the order of three events in the
story.
• “Prove It” – write one fact and opinion that you could get from the story (be sure to be able to “prove it” from the text).
• “Give Me Five” – trace your hand and answer the 5 Ws, one answer per finger.
3-2-1Students write about the topic
• Explain three new concepts you learned
• Define two vocabulary words related to this lesson
• What is one thing that is still unclear, or one question you have about the topic
3-2-1
3 – situations where you need to find perimeter
2 – ways to find perimeter of rectangle
1 – way you will remember the meaning of perimeter
Summarizing Strategies 6
The Absent Student
Write a letter to the absent student answering the essential question.
Dear ____________,
Today we learned……..The most important thing we learned was….. If you had been here you would have really enjoyed…. I hope that tomorrow we will learn ….
Your friend,
PS I’m wondering…
Learning Logs or Journals
• Prompts
• Today I learned…
• Three things I wonder…
• I know now….so I can…
• New things I learned today include…
Summarizing Strategies 12
The Important Thing is…
The Important Thing about summarizing
is ________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________ . But the
Most Important Thing is ______________
_____________________.
Summarizing Strategies 10
You will give your partner clues to guess the following words…
1. distributed summarizing
2. ticket out the door
3. numbered heads
4. Abraham Lincoln
5. engagement
You will give your partner clues to guess the following words…
1. Essential Question
2. activating strategy
3. strategic compliance
4. graphic organizer
5. lunch time
Key Points About Summarizing
• ALL students summarize!• Students answer the Essential Question• Teachers use it to assess and determine
re-teaching needs• It must be planned. It doesn’t just happen.• Allocate time for this and don’t skip!
Summarizing should be distributed throughout the lesson, not just at the end!
Summarizing Strategies 3
One last thought….Cover
1. To conceal by hiding or screening.2. To place something on, over, or in
front of, so as to conceal3. To provide an alibi or excuse.4. To coat or sprinkle.
SUMMARIZING IS WORTH THE TIME AND EFFORT!