Sherman in Georgia. Mobile Bay Port for blockade runners in the Gulf Entrance to the bay heavily...
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Transcript of Sherman in Georgia. Mobile Bay Port for blockade runners in the Gulf Entrance to the bay heavily...
Mobile BayPort for blockade runners in the GulfEntrance to the bay heavily fortified with
artillery and mines (torpedos)David Farragut leads amphibious assault
against Mobile in August 1864In battle says “Damn the torpedoes, full
speed ahead”City surrenders
next spring
Bloody Bill AndersonPart of Quantrill’s Raiders (Lawrence, KS)
along with Frank and Jesse JamesRaided town of Centralia, MO on
September 27, 1864 killing 24 unarmed Federals
Anderson overtakes troops sent to capture him, kills 123 after surrender
Killed on October 27 in Albany, MO by Federal soldiers
Red River CampaignNathaniel Banks leads 40,000 up Red
River through Louisiana with Porter’s fleet of 58 ships
Attempts to cut off Confederates from junction with French Mexico by taking Shreveport, LA
Banks stopped at Sabine Crossroads by less than 13,000 Federals as level of river drops
Federals retreat from region
Sand Creek MassacreRetaliation for raids on Colorado settlersNovember 29, 1864 – John Chivington and
700 cavalry attack Black Kettle’s settlement of 500 killing over 180 Indians
Subsequent investigations characterized assault on Cheyenne & Arapaho as a massacre with many women & children slaughtered
Event begins war on Native Americans throughout US for the next 30 years
Brice’s CrossroadsJune 10, 1864Sherman sends Samuel
Sturgis into northern Mississippi to find Forrest
Forrest’s cavalry attacks in day long battle that routs Federals
Sherman diverts Forrest from supply lines
“That Devil Forrest”Sherman said capture of Nathan Bedford
Forrest worth 10,000 menA.J. Smith sent with 14,000 troops to
ensure safety of Sherman’s railroad supply lines
Forrest forced to wait on reinforcements before attack
Smith encounters Forrest and Stephen D. Lee (8,000) at Tupelo, MS and force Confederate retreat
Fort PillowConfederate fortification abandoned after
Island #10 above MemphisFort occupied by small Federal garrisonForrest storms the fort in April 1864 with
2,500 cavalry against 600 Federals White regiments suffered 33% casualties –
Black regiments 64%
Forrest in MemphisNathan Bedford Forrest’s motto: “Get there
first with the most”Raids his Union held hometown hoping to
free Confederate POWs & capture 3 Federal generals on August 21
Surprises sentries but fails objectiveTakes 500 other prisoners while capturing
supplies and horsesConcern withdraws US troops
out of northern Mississippi
Sherman In CommandNever won a major battle
prior to assuming command of the Army of the Tennessee
Friend of Grant’sWest Point grad (5th in class),
served in MexicoHead of LA Military Academy
at secessionMarches toward Atlanta
Atlanta CampaignSherman replaces
Rosecrans for FederalsJohnston replaces Bragg for
ConfederatesSherman pushes toward
Atlanta attempting to flank Confederates at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, New Hope Church, Pickett’s Mill & Dallas
Kennesaw MountainJune 27, 1864Sherman
launches full frontal assault after Confederate flanks found protected
Confederates dug in – repulse FederalsFederals casualty rate 3 to 1 of
Confederates
Battle for AtlantaConfederates fall back to keep from being
flankedSkirmishing at
Chattahoochee River, Peachtree Creek as Sherman heads for Atlanta
President Davis replaces Johnston with John Bell Hood, who attacks
Fighting in and around Atlanta continues through August
Hood evacuates Atlanta on September 1
Johnston v. HoodJefferson Davis never liked
JohnstonPerformance in GA convinced
president he needed a fighter as head of the Army of Tennessee
Hood intense warrior – Lost arm at Gettysburg, leg at Chickamauga
Brave to the point of wreckless
March to the SeaSherman cut 60 mile wide swath through
Georgia as he marches toward Savannah mostly unopposed
Makes neckties out of rails and causes $80 million in damage
Hardee with 10,000 evacuates Savannah
Sherman telegrams Lincoln with a “Christmas present” on December 21
Sherman Heads NorthMoves to junction with GrantSherman begins march through Carolinas
to disrupt supply route of Lee’s armySacks Columbia,
SC with main force and small forays to other areas including Fayetteville, NC
Battle of FranklinHood moves into Tennessee to harass
FederalsChases fleeing Federals
to town of Franklin who create hurried breastworks
Hood makes 13 charges, never taking Federal position
Casualties: CS 6,300 – US 2,300Both armies move toward Nashville
Battle of NashvilleHood follows George Thomas back to Nashville’s
defensesConfederates too weak to attack, entrench and
wait for FederalsLincoln threatens to replace Thomas if he does
not attackDecember 15 – Thomas launches assault
pushing Confederates backDecember 16 – Thomas hits Hood againCasualties: CS 13,000 – US 2,900
End of Army of TennesseeBattles of Franklin and Nashville rendered
Army uselessArmy of Tennessee fought no further battlesJohn Bell
Hood resigns commission in January 1865