SHEET 1 Part 1: Culture and currents of thought Document...

Part 1: Culture and currents of thoughtDocument File

1 English Teapot from 1740

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French colonistSupporters of Canada unite in Montreal

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Patriation of the Canadian Constitution

8 The number of priests after 1840

Printing Press

History and Citizenship Education -587-404 Document File

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The definition of the nation that emerged in the 1960s made the French language and culture the characteristics of the national identity of Quebecers. This new definition led to the adoption of a variety of measures and laws designed to ensure the survival of French in Quebec.

During this period, many artists used their work to promote the French language or of an independent, Francophone Quebec. In the 1960s and the 1970s, this political position was often expressed by the use of the joual, a vernacular French spoken by many of the province’s inhabitants.

Christophe Horguelin et al., Panoramas: History and Citizenship Education,Secondary Cycle Two, Year 2 (Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 2, p.35



Sylvain Fortin et al., Panoramas: History and Citizenship Education,Secondary Cycle Two, Year 1 (Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 2, p.228

Sylvain Fortin et al., Panoramas: History and Citizenship Education,Secondary Cycle Two, Year 1 (Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 2, p.230

SHEET 1

9 Inuit amulet

12 A newspaper for farmers and colonists, 1869

17 Sunlife building in Montreal

14 Painting of Mussolini by Guido Nincheri

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Christophe Horguelin et al., Panoramas: History and Citizenship Education,Secondary Cycle Two, Year 2 (Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 2, p..85


10 Departure of volunteer troops for the Boer War in 1899 15 Time for leisure



16 Iroquoian pipe


They (British merchants) demanded the establishment of aLegislative Assembly from which French Canadians would beexcluded. Needless to say, they were opposed to GovernorJames Murray...and Governor Guy Carleton...who had bothdecided to apply the Royal Proclamation in such a way as notto alienate the French Canadian majority.11. Alienate the French Canadian majority: turn it against them

Julie Charette, A Question of history: history and Citizenship Education, Secondary Cycle 2, Year 2.(Anjou: CEC, 2009), Activity Book, 165-166.

SHEET 2

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An assembly led by Papineau Royal Government

The battle of St-Charles

The government of Lower-Canada in 1791

The equality of women

SHEET 3

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Julie Charette, A Question of History, Les Éditions CEC, Secondary Cycle Two, Year Two, Activity Book, p.170

Part 2: Power and Countervailing PowersDocument File


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Claude Bélanger, Marianopolis College, 1999. http://faculty.marianopolis.edu/c.belanger/quebechistory/readings/llaws.htm Retrieved June 2010.

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Kristine Stewart,Vice President of CBC

Marie-France Poulin,Hydro-Québec

France Bilodeau,Director of Via-Rail

An early election advertisement (see right document for English translation)

Government of Québec, Charter of the French Language (Québec: Éditeur officiel).

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OUIYESNONNO

Acceptez-vous que leQuébec deviennesouverain, après avoiroffert formellement auCanada un nouveaupartenariat économique etpolitique, dans le cadre duprojet sur l’avenir duQuébec et de l’ententesignée le 12 juin 19__?

Do you agree that Québecshould become sovereign,after having made aformal offer to Canada fora new Economic andPolitical Partnership,within the scope of theBill respecting the futureof Québec and of theagreement signed on June12, 19__?

72. Instruction in the kindergarten classes and in the elementary and secondary schools shall be in French, except where this chapter allows otherwise.

73. The following children, at the request of their father and mother, may receive instruction in English: …a child whose father or mother … received his or her elementary instruction in English, in Québec.

SHEET 4

Christophe Horguelin et al., Fresques: Histoire et Education à l’éducation et la citoyenneté, 2e cycle du secondaire, 2e année, Vol. 2, p.124

Distribution of Immigrant Children by Language of Instructionin the Commission des Écoles Catholiques de Montréal, 1930-1968.

SchoolYear

Enrolled in FrenchSchools

% in FrenchSchools

Enrolled in EnglishSchools

% in EnglishSchools

Total

1930-31 3713 52.5 3261 46.8 6974 1935-36 3896 49.2 4185 51.8 8081 1945-46 2203 35.8 3956 64.2 6159 1955-56 3921 30.7 8866 69.3 12787 1961-62 5922 25.5 17287 74.5 23200 1966-67 4880 15.9 25724 84.1 30604 1967-68 3422 10.7 28492 89.3 31914

Excerpt from Bill 101: Charter of the French Language


Sylvain Fortin et al., Panoramas: Histoiry and CitizenshipEducation, Cycle Two Year One, Vol. 1, p.156

To the VOTERS in the riding of Québec City

Friends and Fellow Countrymen,

It is with confidence that I appeal for your votes in order to be chosen as one of your Representatives in the future assembly.

As someone who was born in the Province and who owns some land and real estate, my interests are the same as yours. Do not fear that I might betray the faith and trust you have placed in me.

The well being of my country and the good fortune of my fellow citizens will always be the objectives that shall guide my aspirations and efforts.

Sincerely, Your Devoted Compatriot, Pierre L. PanetQuébec City, May 16, 1792

The documents on the followingpages (Sheets 5 and 6) can

help you answer Ques on 20.


1 Fête-Dieu procession in Montreal, 1840 5

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Beginning in 1650, other religious orders devoted to education established themselves, this time in Montréal. The Congrégation de Notre-Dame, founded in 1659 by Marguerite Bourgeoys, took charge of the education of girls. The Sulpicians, who had arrived in 1657, as well as the order of the Frères hospitaliers de la Croix et de Saint-Joseph…taught boys.

SHEET 5Culture and currents of thought

Document File (essay)


The sick room at the Hotel Dieu de Quebec, 1890Catholic Nuns teaching Huron Youth

Akwesasne founded by the Jesuits in 1752

Christophe Horguelin et al., Panoramas: History and Citizenship Education,Secondary Cycle Two, Year 2 (Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 2

Christophe Horguelin et al., Panoramas: History and Citizenship Education, Secondary Cycle Two, Year 2 (Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 2, p.27

Christophe Horguelin et al., Panoramas: History and Citizenship Education, Secondary Cycle Two, Year 2(Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 2, p.42

Christophe Horguelin et al., Panoramas: History and Citizenship Education, Secondary Cycle Two, Year 2, (Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 2, p.24

Julie Charette, A Question of history: History and Citizenship Education, Secondary Cycle 2, Year 2 (Anjou: CEC, 2009), Activity Book, p.107

In 1706, THE PRIEST OF THE PARISH OF THE Côte de Beaupré complained about bad behaviour among his parishioners. Intendant Raudot thus published a decree aimed at regulating the colonists’ behaviour during mass.

“We forbid all persons, regardless of the pretext, from offering any drinks whatsoever in their homes, or sell any on holidays or Sundays. . . . Let us also forbid all persons from quarreling or amusing themselves in the church, from leaving the church during the sermon and from smoking at the entrances or near them of the churches concerned. . . Let us urge all parishioners to attend the divine service of their parish with all due devotion.”

Intendant Radout, Documents judiciaries,,janvier-juin 1712 [ Legal Documents, January-June 1712}, February 13, 1712

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The church continued to give instruction and establish educational programs. The schools were confessional and belonged to two distinct networks, one Catholic and the other Protestant.

Pierre Elliott Trudeau and Gérard Pelletier, among others, denounced the traditional values promoted by the Catholic Church and Duplessis’ nationalist government. Although the writers of Cité libre were Catholic, they were anticlerical and supported secularism, meaning that they advocated the separation of Church and state. In fact, they believed that religion should be a private matter and that, consequently, the Church should have no authority except in spiritual affairs. In their opinion, education and social services should be run by the state.

Under the Duplessis government, the Catholic Church was second to the government in social affairs. Duplessis entrusted the care for the destitute and the management of social institutions (health, education, etc.) to the Church. The clergy had a lot of authority in Québec, where parishes constituted the heart of community activity.

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SHEET 6


Number of priests after 1840

Caring for the sick

The Parish Register


Christophe Horguelin et al., Panoramas: History and Citizenship Education, Secondary Cycle Two, Year 2,(Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 2


Christophe Horguelin et al., Panoramas: History and Citizenship Education, Secondary Cycle Two, Year 2,(Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 2, p.152

Christophe Horguelin et al., Fresques: History and Citizenship Education, Secondary Cycle Two, Year 2, (Montreal: Graficor, 2008) Vol. 1, p33Julie Charette, A Question of history: History and Citizenship Education,

Secondary Cycle 2, Year 2 (Anjou: CEC, 2009), Activity Book, p.121

Between 1774 and 1776, rebels in the Thirteen Colonies made appeals to the Canadiens. Since the Church was collaborating with the British authorities and preaching submission, the clergy exerted pressure on the inhabitants by threatening excommunication for al Canadiens who offered support to the rebel army.

“Your rebellion, as contrary to religion as to good sense and reason, already merits exemplary and rigorous punishment on the part of the prince from whom you have until now received only signs of kindness so extraordinarily rare in a powerful conqueror. . . . They [the rebels] have subsequently portrayed the [Québec Act] as an attack on your freedom that will deliver you to slavery at the mercy of the Church fathers and the nobility. . . Jesus Christ said positively that whoever did not listen to the ministers he sent to teach the world and rule his Church was in effect not listening to Him; by resisting and scorning priests, one resists and scorns Him.”

Bishop Jean-Olivier Briand, Mandement aux sujets rebelles Durant la guerre américaine [Pastoral Letters to the Rebel Subjects During the American War], 1776 [translation].

3.23 Percentage ofCatholics Attending Mass

1965 88%1975 46%1985 38%

3.24 Number of CatholicPriests in Québec

1950 80001966 87581988 64282007 4582

SHEET 1 Part 1: Culture and currents of thought Document...

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