Sheep & Goat Production. Production Systems Grass Lambing (April-May) once a year Advantages: 1....

Sheep amp Goat Production

Production Systems

Grass Lambing (April-May) once a year Advantages 1 Lower Feed Costs 2 Lower lamb mortality 3 More ewesperson 4 Lambs need very little if any extra

feed to be finished on grass 5 High nutritional demand by the ewe is

satisfied by the pasture 6 Reduced housing costs

Grass Lambing (April-May) once a year Disadvantages 1 Deworming costs increase 2 Decrease in selling pricelb

Winter Lambing once a year (Jan-Feb) Advantages 1 Lower worm loads 2 Improved market potential 3 Lambs grow well

Winter Lambing once a year (Jan-Feb) Disadvantages 1 High lamb mortality 15+ 2 High feed costs ---nursing ration ---

creep feed 3 More health problems 4 More management amp labour 5 Less ewes can be handled per person 6 Increased housing costs

Accelerated LambingStar Lambing System Advantages 1 Year round supply of lambs 2 Market price stability because of increased

number of marketing dates 3 Lambs marketed at Christmas amp Easter 4 Lower lamb mortality---2 warm season

lambing---1 cold season lambing 5 More lamb marketed per ewe 6 13 to 12 of the flock lambing at once ---

less lambing barn space needed

Accelerated LambingStar Lambing System Disadvantages 1 Management is more intensive 2 Insulated lambing areas needed 3 Higher feed costeweyear 4 Maybe more udder problems

Goat Production Systems The meat goat industry is one of the

fastest growing segments of livestock production in the United States

Brush control was rated a very important reason for raising goats

Funhobby was rated a very important reason for raising goats

Goat Production Systems Dairy goat production is an alternative

livestock enterprise suitable for many small-scale or part-time livestock operations

Dairy goat production especially pasture-based production offers the opportunity for profitable and sustainable diversity on a small farm

Goat amp Sheep Selection It is very important that the appropriate

breed(s) or type(s) be chosen and that they be well-adapted to the environment and production system in which they will be raised

It is almost always better to upgrade local breeds or stock than to introduce new breeds or genetics that may not be adapted to the local environment or producton system

Goat amp Sheep Selection You need to be careful when comparing

sheep on one farm to sheep on another farm

Good management and nutrition can mask poor or mediocre genetics while poor management and nutrition can mask good genetics Sheep that look better arent always better sheep

Goat amp Sheep Selection Producers should be willing to pay much

more for breeding rams than ewes The old rule of thumb is that a ram is worth five times the value of a market lamb If market lambs are worth $100 you should be willing to pay $500 for a breeding ram

Goat amp Sheep Selection http

wwwsheep101info201acquiringstockhtml

Great website for assessing what you need to begin a sheep operation

The Utah Wool Growers provide the following

httpwwwutahwoolgrowerscomstarter_flockphp

Market Lamb Selection Muscle- Round expressive defined 1048707 Forearm 1048707 Shoulder 1048707 Rack 1048707 Loin (Estimation is 2 X live weight

divided by 100) 1048707 Leg

Market Lamb Selection Correctness of Finish 1048707 Acceptable= range of 12rdquo to 20rdquo 1048707 Too Lean= Less than 10rdquo 1048707 Too Fat= More than 25rdquo o GrowthWeight 1048707 100 to 140 pounds

Market Lamb Selection Skeletal Correctness 1048707 Relatively straight in its lines and

stands squarely and correct on its feet and legs o Balance and Eye Appeal 1048707 Overall attractiveness and symmetry

the animal displays from profile

Breeding Sheep Selection GrowthWeight 1048707 Critical factor 1048707 Potential for future growth o Functionality 1048707 Skeletal Correctness- same as market

lambs 1048707 VolumeFleshing Ability

bull Depth Width Length Ability to maintain condition

Breeding Sheep Selection Balance and Eye Appeal- Similar to

market lambs o Muscle- Similar to market lambs

Market Goat Selection http

wwwindianaffaorgassociationmediadocs4H_CDEsmeat_goat_selectionpdf

Great Website to learn how to judge goats

Market Goat Selection A good market goat should be

rectangular in appearance from the side with straight level top and bottom lines Length of rump length of body and length of leg are important to market desirability

Market Goat Selection The rump should be level and the overall

body should be trim The legs should be straight and placed

square under the body not post-legged or cow-hocked

The fore and hind legs should show evidence of muscling

From the front and rear view the goat should also demonstrate uniformed width

Market Goat Selection

Selection of Breeding Goats Structural Soundness Skeletal Dimension Muscle Eye Appeal

Care and Management bullFeed your flocks a balanced diet

bullShelter your sheep from nasty weather

bullCapture and handle your sheep with care

bullCare for your flocks health vaccinations parasite control and hoof care

bullProvide proper pre-lambing care

Feeding your flock a balanced Ration Water Since sheep take in moisture

with the plants they eat animals maintained on a diet of dry hay and grain will also drink more water

Forage Sheep prefer forbs--broad-leaved ldquoweedsrdquo that include clover and alfalfa--but they also dine on grass and shrubs like blackberries and multiflora rose as well as timothy brome grass and birdsfoot trefoil

Feeding your flock a balanced Ration Grain Sometimes sheep need the extra

energy and protein that grains supply such as during an ewes late gestation

Feed your sheep at about the same time each morning and evening avoid upsetting the rumen with sudden changes in type or amount of feed and never serve moldy grain or hay

Sheltering your flock In general adult sheep can cope with

many types of weather thanks to their insulating coats of wool but offer shelter to give them a place to

bullTake shelter from downpours bullDry out when wet and bullEscape the wind and scorching sun

Sheltering your flock

Capture and handle your sheep with care Because sheep can become easily

stressed herding capturing and handling techniques help keep a flockrsquos anxiety level down and reduce the chance of injury

Consider the following

Capture and handle your sheep with care A well-trained herding dog can help control

their movements bullGive sheep time to adjust from light to dark

when entering an unlit barn or a potentially scary situation An old-fashioned shepherdrsquos crook or other long pole can help with herding

bullReward sheep with something they really love (like molasses-laced grain) when they go into their shelter for the night

Capture and handle your sheep with care http

wwwyoutubecomwatchv=vZvgQDtgFBg

httpwwwyoutubecomwatchv=oYzzsHRCT88

Managing Animal Health Vaccinations http

wwwsheep101info201vaccinationshtml

Parasite Control Hoof Care

Pre-lambing Care

Critical period leading up to lambing Fetal growth in late gestation demands

a lot of energy Clean Cold Water

Management amp Care of Goats Dairy goats need a year-round supply

of roughage such as pasture browse or well-cured hay Winter browse and pastures should be supplemented with hay

Kids and bucks need a balanced grain ration and milkers should be fed a standard dairy grain ration

Management amp Care of Goats They do not need elaborate housing but

do require clean dry well ventilated draft free shelter

Dairy goats have a strong herd instinct and prefer the companionship of at least one other goat

Management amp Care of Goats Dairy goats are curious and agile and

require well built fences for containment and protection from predators

Management amp Care of Goats Dehorning at the right time Vaccination Hoof Care

Marketing Sheep amp Goats Most sheep operations derive the

majority of the income from the sale of lambs

Lamb vs mutton Lamb=Less than one year old Mutton= One year and older

Marketing Sheep amp Goats In the United States the per capita

consumption of lamb is very low less than 1 lb per person

lamb holds a significant meaning in the observances of many religions and is a dietary staple in many parts of the world

Marketing Sheep amp Goats Australia China and New Zealand are

the top producers and consumers of Wool

The United States is a minor player in the world wool industry and is a net importer of wool

Marketing Sheep amp Goats http

wwwsheep101info201woolmarketinghtml

Good website explaining wool marketing options

Marketing Sheep amp Goats The United States consumes very little

goat One ethnic group that has grown

dramatically in the US is Hispanics This is important because Hispanics

consume more goat meat than whites

Marketing Sheep amp Goats Goat meat is a traditional part of the

diet of many people from the Middle East

In order to satisfy the demand for goat products targeted towards Muslims the products need to conform to Muslim dietary laws

Marketing Sheep amp Goats Dairy goat producers rely on direct

market sales for milk and cheese products

Some producers sell directly to retail stores and restaurants

Goat milk is used for making cheese yogurt and ice cream and can be fed to other animals

Marketing Sheep amp Goats The major dairy goat breeds include

Alpine LaMancha Nubian Oberhasli Saanen and Toggenburg

All of these breeds are capable of producing more than 2000 pounds of milk per year

Breeds of Dairy Goats

Marketing Methods Different types of marketing would

include the following Commodity marketing

This would include selling lambs at a public livestock auction to an order buyer broker or dealer at a buying station to a feed lot through a co-op or marketing pool or to an abattoir

Marketing Methods Public livestock auctions

Some sale barns organize special sales prior to the major Christian and Muslim holidays

Advantages It is easy It is convenient It is always

available There are usually sales every week Payment is guaranteed and prompt

Disadvantages Price is not known ahead of time and can fluctuate widely from week-to-week

Marketing Methods Dealers brokers and order buyers

Selling to a middleman saves the costs associated with selling lambs at an auction barn Price is negotiated ahead of time

Marketing Methods Marketing alliances and co-ops

Usually a co-op contracts slaughter and sells whole carcass or cuts to grocery chains or other retail outlets The co-op establishes standards (weight grade etc) for the type of lambs they will purchase

Marketing Methods Abattoir

A French word meaning slaughterhouse or meat processor Many producers both large and small market their lambs directly to a processor

Marketing Methods Direct marketing

Direct marketing is when lambs are sold directly to the consumer

Subsidies for Sheep amp Goat http

govinfolibraryuntedunprlibraryreportsag01html

In the early 1960s the average person in the US ate about 45 pounds of lamb a year That has dropped to less than 1 pound in 2011

Australian and New Zealand wool and lamb imports are way up squeezing into niche markets that Americas sheep producers are having a hard time filling

Subsidies for Sheep amp Goat One-third of all lamb sold in the US

now is direct sale from producer to consumer

Its ethnic communities Every major metropolitan city in the US has a large immigrant neighborhood Orwick says Where are the people coming from Where they prefer lamb Its their meat


Production Systems

Grass Lambing (April-May) once a year

Grass Lambing (April-May) once a year (2)

Winter Lambing once a year (Jan-Feb)

Winter Lambing once a year (Jan-Feb) (2)

Accelerated LambingStar Lambing System

Accelerated LambingStar Lambing System (2)

Goat Production Systems

Goat Production Systems (2)

Goat amp Sheep Selection

Goat amp Sheep Selection (2)



Market Lamb Selection

Market Lamb Selection (2)


Breeding Sheep Selection

Breeding Sheep Selection (2)


Market Goat Selection (2)



Selection of Breeding Goats

Care and Management

Feeding your flock a balanced Ration



Sheltering your flock (2)

Capture and handle your sheep with care

Capture and handle your sheep with care (2)


Managing Animal Health

Pre-lambing Care

Management amp Care of Goats

Management amp Care of Goats (2)



Marketing Sheep amp Goats

Marketing Sheep amp Goats (2)








Marketing Methods

Marketing Methods (2)





Subsidies for Sheep amp Goat

Subsidies for Sheep amp Goat (2)

Production Systems




















































































Pre-lambing Care































































Production Systems























Care and Management









Pre-lambing Care














Marketing Methods



























































































Pre-lambing Care































































Production Systems























Care and Management









Pre-lambing Care














Marketing Methods




































































Production Systems























Care and Management









Pre-lambing Care














Marketing Methods








Sheep & Goat Production. Production Systems Grass Lambing (April-May) once a year Advantages: 1....

Documents

Transcript of Sheep & Goat Production. Production Systems Grass Lambing (April-May) once a year Advantages: 1....