shear force beam

7/29/2019 shear force beam

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1.0OBJECTIVEa) To examine how shear force varies with an increasing point loadb) To examine how shear force varies at the cut position of the beam for various loading

condition

2.0 LEARNING OUTCOME

I. The application the engineering knowledge in practical applicationII. To enhance technical competency in structural engineering through laboratory

application

III. To communicate effectively in groupIV. To identify problem, solving and finding out appropriate solution through laboratory

application

3.0 THEORY

Part 1

a

RA RB

L

Shear force at left of the section, Sc = W(L - a) .. equation 1

Shear force at the right of the cut sec section, Sc = .. equation 2

Part 2

Use this statement :

the shear force at the cut is equal to the algebraic sum of the force acting to the left or

right of the cut


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4.0 APPARATUS

a) Shear force machineb) Weights (loading)

5.0 PROCEDURE

Part 1

V. The Digital Force Display meter was check with zero and no loadVI. A 100g mass was hanger to the left of the cut

VII. The Digital Force Display reading was recorded in table 1Shear force at the cut (N) = Displayed ForceRepeat using any masses between 200g and 500g. convert the mass into a load in Newton

(multiply by 9.81)

VIII. The theoretical shear force at the cut was calculate to completed the table 1Part 2

I. Checked the Digital Force Display meter zero with no loadII. Carefully load the beam with hangers in any position and loads as example in figure

2, figure 3 and figure 4 and complete table 2.

III. Record the digital force display reading where :Shear force at the cut (N) = display force

IV. Calculate the support reaction (RA and RB) and calculated the theoretical ShearForce at the cut.


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Figure 2

RA 140mm RB

Figure 3

RA 260mm W2 RB

Figure 4

RA 220mm 440mm W2 RB


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6.0RESULT

Table 1

Mass

(g)

Load

(N)

Force (N) Experimental

shear force (N)

Theoretical

Shear Force (N)

0 0 0 0 0

100 0.981 0.6 0.6 0.089

200 1.962 1.2 1.2 0.178

250 2.453 1.4 1.4 0.223

300 2.943 1.7 1.7 0.268

350 3.434 2.0 2.0 0.312

400 3.924 2.2 2.2 0.357

500 4.905 2.8 2.8 0.446

Table 2

No W1

(g)

W2

(g)

Force

(N)

Experimental

shear force

(N)

RA

(N)

RB

(N)

Theoretical

shear force

1 250 0.7 0.70 3.598 -1.145 -2.453

2 250 100 0.18 0.18 1.447 1.985 1.447

3 250 100 1.1 1.1 1.317 2.117 1.317


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CALCULATION

Part 2

Figure 2

140mm

2.453 RA RB

RA + RB = 2.453 KN RA + RB = 2.453

= 0 RA + 1.145 = 2.453

-2.453(0.14)RB (0.3) = 0 RA = 3.598 KN

= RB

RB = -1.145KN

Fc = -2.453KN

FA = -2.453 + 3.598 = 1.145 KN

FB = - 1.145 + 1.145 = 0 KN


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Figure 3

220mm 2.453

RA 260mm 0.981 RB

RA + RB = 2.453 + 0.981

= 3.432 KN

2.453(0.22) + 0.981(0.26)RB (0.4) = 0

0.539 + 0.255 = RB (0.4)

RB = 1.987 KN

RA + RB = 3.432

RA = 3.4321.985

RA = 1.447 KN

Fc = 1.447

FA = 1.4472.453 = -1.006 KN

FB = -1.0060.981 = - 1.987 KN


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Figure 4

220mm 2.453

RA 400mm 0.981 RB

RA + RB = 3.434 KN

2.453 (0.22) + 0.981 (0.4) = RB (0.44)

RB = 2.117 KN

RA + RB = 3.434

RA = 1.317 KN

FC = 1.317KN

FA = 1.3172.453 = - 1.136 KN

FB = -1.1360.981 = -2.117 KN


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7.0 DISCUSSION

Part 1

1. Derive equation 1

(L - a) / L1Sc = 0

Sc = - a / L

2. Plot a graph which compare your experimental result to those you calculated usingtheory

3. Comment on the shape of the graph. What those it tell you about how shear force variesdue to an increased load ?

The experimental result increases with the increasing of the distance of load from the left

hand support at the left side of the cut. Based on the result, the values of shear force at cut

section (N) increases when a load moves nearer towards the cut

4. Does the equation you used accurately predict the behaviors of the beamYes.


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Part 2

1. Comment on how the result of the experiments compare with those calculated using thetheory.

In this part we use the load 250g for W1 and 100g for W2. From the experiment the

experimental value is more bigger than theoretical value. The value is depend on the load

and the distance. However, the value for both result are not too difference.

2. Does the experiment proof that the shear force at the cut is equal to the algebraic sum ofthe forces acting to the left or right of the cut. If not, why ?

Yes

3. Plot the shear diagram for load cases in figure 2,3 and 4.

Figure 2

1.145

0

-2.453


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Figure 3

1.447

-1.985

-1.006

Figure 4

1.317

-1.136

-2.117

4. Comment on the shape of the graph. What does it tell you about how shear force variesdue to various loading condition.

In direct proportion to the load applied.


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8.0 CONCLUSION

Part 1

From the experiment, we know that the value for experimental and theoretical value is

totally difference. From the graph it totally show the difference result between experimental

value and theoretical value. Based on the result the value of the shear force at cut section (N)

increase when a load moves nearer toward the cut.

Part 2

From the experiment, its shows that the location is one of the causes for the differences between

the value. We should know that, influence lines can be used to calculate the shear force at the cut

section.

shear force beam

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