Shannon Chapin Groff, GISP - OFWIM Chapin Groff, GISP ... Photos: Sam Droege, Jim Wark, Arthur...
Transcript of Shannon Chapin Groff, GISP - OFWIM Chapin Groff, GISP ... Photos: Sam Droege, Jim Wark, Arthur...
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Shannon Chapin Groff, GISP
Southern Environmental Law Center September 30, 2014
The importance of bees
pollination = ecosystem service
valued at > $16.5 billion (Calderone et al. 2010)
wild blueberries, like 75% of the world’s specialty crops, benefit from animal pollination (Klein et al. 2007)
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with bees without bees
Lowbush blueberries
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Bees & wildlife
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Honeybees country’s second largest importer of non-native
honeybees
decline in honeybees = increased the cost of hive rentals (Pettis and Delaplane 2010)
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The crop pollination problem
Adapted from Dave Hackenberg
Native bees
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more productive adapted to local conditions no rental fees
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Native bees
Pollination Security for Fruit and Vegetable Crops in the Northeast
University of Maine, University of Massachusetts,
Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, Cornell University & University of Tennessee
NY – apples, CT – squash and pumpkin, MA – cranberries, ME – wild blueberries
Develop recommendations for growers to sustainably
manage and protect native pollinator diversity in and around their farms
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Landscape and native bees
abundance
habitat
Proportion of habitat vs. native bee abundance
Ricketts et al. 2008; Lonsdorf et al. 2009, 2011; Garibaldi et al. 2011; Kennedy et al. 2013
richness
habitat
Isolation from habitat vs. native bee richness
InVEST Crop Pollination Model
1 km
Aim: use landcover and user-provided parameters to remotely map pollinator relative abundance (Lonsdorf et al. 2009, 2011)
Research questions
Q1: InVEST model
??? Q4: simpler models
Q2: parameter
uncertainty
Q3: parameter
choice
Research question
Q1. Can we use the InVEST model to predict bee abundance in Maine’s blueberry fields and across the landscape? Why?
supplement field surveys gain prediction in areas that haven’t been
visited before
InVEST Crop Pollination Model
bees
spring
summer
fall
foraging distance nest
guild
seasonal activity
level bare
ground cavity/ stems
forage suitability
nest suitability
bare ground
cavity/ stems
landcover classes
spring
summer
fall
Q1
Modeled species
Lasioglossum versatum
Augochlorella aurata
Halictus ligatus
Colletes inaequalis Osmia atriventris
Andrena carolina
Q1 Photos by Sam Droege
Lasioglossum versatum
Augochlorella aurata
Halictus ligatus
Colletes inaequalis Osmia atriventris
Andrena carolina
Halictidae
Halictidae
Halictidae
Modeled species
Q1 Photos by Sam Droege
Lasioglossum versatum
Augochlorella aurata
Halictus ligatus
Colletes inaequalis Osmia atriventris
Andrena carolina
Andrenidae Halictidae
Halictidae
Halictidae
Modeled species
Q1 Photos by Sam Droege
Lasioglossum versatum
Augochlorella aurata
Halictus ligatus
Colletes inaequalis Osmia atriventris
Andrena carolina
Andrenidae
Megachilidae
Halictidae
Halictidae
Halictidae
Modeled species
Q1 Photos by Sam Droege
Lasioglossum versatum
Augochlorella aurata
Halictus ligatus
Colletes inaequalis Osmia atriventris
Andrena carolina
Andrenidae
Megachilidae
Halictidae
Halictidae
Halictidae
Colletidae
Modeled species
Q1 Photos by Sam Droege
Methods
Develop Maine specific
parameters
Estimate foraging distances of 14 focal species
Conduct literature search and expert opinion survey
Augochlorella aurata
Q1
Study extent
Q1
Predicted abundance
Q1 r = 0.32, p < 0.05
Research question
Q3. What are the optimal parameters needed to predict bee abundance in Maine? Why?
Expert opinion is often sole technique Optimization fits the parameters to the data, to
get the best prediction across the modeled extent
Optimization method
Q3
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10
20
30
40
50
60
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informedoptimization
uninformed
r = 0.49
r = 0.40
baseline r = 0.32
% im
prov
emen
t fro
m b
asel
ine
optimization
Research question
Q4. Is there a simpler model?
Why? InVEST model takes substantial time to run Specific parameters needed for each species
Deciduous forest
Q4
Model Comparison
Informed and uninformed models > expert
opinion model
Landscape perspective vs. targeted farms
What you can do…
Wildflower-rich habitats are good for bees and other wildlife
Focus on providing season–long buffet Protect or provide nest sites
Avoid using insecticides
Environmental non-profit law organization
Focus – wildlife, wetlands, & coastal conservation, cleaner energy & air, sustainable forests & communities and improved water quality
Region – VA, NC, SC, GA, AL, TN
Fish Consumption Advisories
Albemarle Sound Affected Counties: Bertie, Camden, Chowan, Currituck, Pasquotank, Perquimans, Tyrrell, and Washington Site: Albemarle Sound from Bull Bay to Harvey Point; West to the mouth of the Roanoke River and to the mouth of the Chowan River to the U.S. Highway 17 Bridge Pollutant: Dioxins Date Issued: October 2001 Advisory: Catfish and carp from these waters may contain low levels of dioxins. Women of childbearing age and children should not eat any catfish or carp from this area until further notice. All other persons should eat no more than one meal per month of catfish and carp from this area. Swimming, boating, and other recreational activities present no known significant health risks and are not affected by this advisory.
Working Draft
Georgia Coastal Conservation
NOx Reductions
Committee: Cyndy Loftin, co-advisor; Frank Drummond, co-advisor; Brian McGill Thank you... Luke Groff, Sara Bushmann, Eric Venturini, Brianne Looze, Allison Dibble, Kourtney Collum, Kayln Bickerman, Sam Hanes, David Yarborough, Judy Collins, Aaron Hoshide, Alex Bajcz, the Loftin Lab, Ivan Fernandez, Sam Droege, Howie Ginsberg, Eric Mader, Don Cameron, David Hiebeler, Don Katnik, Eric Lonsdorf, Eben Osgood, Eric Doucette, Taylor Ricketts, Constance Stubbs, Lois Stack, Colleen Teerling, Jill Weber, Lindsay Seward, Ian McCollough, WLE, EES & SBE faculty and staff, Organization of Fish and Wildlife Information Managers, Friends of Edith M. Patch, University of Maine Foundation - Norris Charles Clement Fund, Southern Environmental Law Center and last but not least, family & friends Photos: Sam Droege, Jim Wark, Arthur Morris, Frank Drummond, Eric Tournernet, MC Kearny, Maine ACF, Bangor Daily News, Amy Campbell, Xerces Society, Rufus Isaacs
Acknowledgments
Augochlorella aurata Photo by Sam Droege