Seventh Edition By David A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, and David P. Madsen Civil Drafting...
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Transcript of Seventh Edition By David A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, and David P. Madsen Civil Drafting...
![Page 1: Seventh Edition By David A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, and David P. Madsen Civil Drafting Technology Chapter 9 Contour Lines.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052317/56649d1c5503460f949f1967/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Seventh EditionBy David A. Madsen,
Terence M. Shumaker, and David P. Madsen
Civil Drafting Technology
Chapter 9
Contour Lines
![Page 2: Seventh Edition By David A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, and David P. Madsen Civil Drafting Technology Chapter 9 Contour Lines.](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052317/56649d1c5503460f949f1967/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.2
Figure 9–1: Contour lines formed by lapping water at different levels in a reservoir. (Reproduced by permission of City of Portland Oregon)
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.3
Figure 9–2: Uniform gentle slope.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.4
Figure 9–3: Uniform steep slope.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.5
Figure 9–4: Concave slope.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.6
Figure 9–5: Convex slope.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.7
Figure 9–6: Contours merge to form a cliff.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.8
Figure 9–7: (a) Contours form a “V” pointing upstream. (b) Contours form an “M” above stream junctions. The tops of the M point upstream. (c) Contours form a “U” around ridges. The bottom of the U points downhill.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.9
Figure 9–8: (a) Dome-shaped hill. (b) Saddle. (c) Depression. (d) Overhang.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.10
Figure 9–9: Types of contour lines.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.11
Figure 9–10: Every fifth line is an index contour, and the contour interval determines the value of the index.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.12
Figure 9–11: Contour map plotted using control point survey.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.13
Figure 9–12: Interpolating contour lines.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.14
Figure 9–13: When interpolating contour lines using the uniform slope theory, always space contours evenly as in part c of the figure.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.15
Figure 9–14: Mathematical interpolation of contour lines allows you to calculate the distance between two points.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.16
Figure 9–15: The map distance between two points can be used to determine the percent of slope. The slope is converted to a distance between a given elevation and a contour line.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.17
Figure 9–16: (a) For a grid survey, land is divided into a checkerboard and labeled. (b) All grid intersections are labeled. (c) Connect the elevations with courved lines or splines. (d) Completed contour map of grid survey.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.18
Table 9–1: Grid survey field notes for the map in Figure 9–16
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.19
Figure 9–17a: The theory of uniform slopes is used to calculate contours in a grid survey.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.20
Figure 9–17b: After elevation values are located on the grid, points of the same value are connected to form contour lines.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.21
Figure 9–18: Field notes of a radial survey contain azimuths and distances, property corners, and additional control points.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.22
Figure 9–19: A property plat can be constructed from the radial survey field notes.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.23
Figure 9–20: Contour line labeling should be on index contours, placed at regular intervals, and should not appear upside down.
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.24
Figure 9–21: The Carlson SurvCom program transfers data from a survey instrument to an office computer. (Courtesy Carlson Software)
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.25
Figure 9–22: Options in the Triangulate tab control how the triangulated mesh is represented in the drawing as well as the naming and placement of the external TIN file. (Courtesy Carlson Software)
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.26
Figure 9–23: The Contour tab is where all aspects of the generated contours are controlled, including the interval and smoothing. (Courtesy Carlson Software)
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.27
Figure 9–24: In the Labels tab, the user specifies the details of the creation of contour labels. (Courtesy Carlson Software)
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.28
Figure 9–25: The Selection tab is where the user specifies what type(s) of data is to be used to generate the surface. (Courtesy Carlson Software)
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Civil Drafting Technology, Seventh EditionDavid A. Madsen, Terence M. Shumaker, David P. Madsen
© 2010 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights Reserved.29
Figure 9–26: An example of a contour map generated from a raw data file and displayed in the Carlson Survey program. (Courtesy Carlson Software)