NENA REGIONAL STAKEHOLDERS WORKSHOP

on

Operationalizing the Regional Collaborative Platform to address water consumption, water productivity and drought management in

Agriculture

Session I: Water Consumption – Evapotranspiration (ET)

Case Study Tunisia

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Institutions in Tunisia that provide RS data:

• National Mapping and Remote Sensing Center (CNCT),

- Created in 1988 National Remote Sensing Centre (CNT) under the authority of the Ministry of

National Defense,

- In 2009, mapping mission was attributed to CNT and became CNCT,

- CNCT includes the following structures:

- General Directorate (includes Marketing unit)

- Human Resources department (includes Training and Education unit),

- Technical department,

- Production department,

- Database analysis department,

- Management Control department,

- Quality Control department

2

CNCT missions: • National Mapping:

- Topographic maps, nautical chart, thematic maps and urban maps,

- Ensure archive, editing and marketing of maps,

- Aerial photography,

- Gravimetric network,

• Remote sensing:

- Domain activities: Agriculture, natural resources evaluation, urbanization,

environment, spatial planning,

- Research and development,

- Provide services for public, private, national and international organisms.

3

CNCT-MA Agreement, on cereal yield forecast and production estimation (2009-2014)

- CNCT was producing monthly bulletins to the MA through the

National Institute of Field Crops (INGC): SCAT project, Bulletins

include

- Vegetation status of cereal crops,

- Area estimation,

- Yield forecast.

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5

6

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Cereal yield forecast

Correlation between yield and NDVI increases rapidly from the second 10-daily of March with a maximum in April. Max NDVI during April 21-30 is the best yield predictor for the three cereals.

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

NDVI-Avr1 NDVI-Avr2 NDVI-Avr3 NDVI-Sep-Avr

R²

BD

Béja

Bizerte

Jendouba

Kairouan

Kasserine

Kef

Manouba

Sidi Bouzid

Siliana

Zaghouan

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

NDVI-Avr1 NDVI-Avr2 NDVI-Avr3 NDVI-Sep-Avr

R²

BT

Béja

Bizerte

Jendouba

Kairouan

Kef

Manouba

Siliana

Zaghouan

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

NDVI-Avr1 NDVI-Avr2 NDVI-Avr3 NDVI-Sep-Avr

R²

O

Béja

Bizerte

Jendouba

Kairouan

Kasserine

Kef

Manouba

Sidi Bouzid

Siliana

Zaghouan

DW BW

Barely

8

Cereal yield forecast model evaluation

0

10

20

30

40

0 10 20 30 40

Rendement Blé Dur MAE (qx/ha)

Re

nd

em

en

t B

lé d

ur

CN

CT

(qx/

ha)

Beja

Bizerte

Jendouba

Kairouan

Kasserine

Le Kef

La Manouba

Sidi Bouzid

Siliana

Zaghouan

EAM = 1.9 qx/ha

0

10

20

30

40

0 10 20 30 40

Rendement Blé tendre MAE (qx/ha)

Re

nd

em

en

t B

lé d

ur

CN

CT

(qx/

ha)

Beja

Bizerte

Jendouba

Kairouan

Le Kef

La Manouba

Siliana

Zaghouan

EAM = 2.2 qx/ha

0

10

20

30

40

0 10 20 30 40

Rendement Orge MAE (qx/ha)

Re

nd

em

en

t B

lé d

ur

CN

CT

(qx/

ha)

Beja

Bizerte

Jendouba

Kairouan

Kasserine

Le Kef

La Manouba

Sidi Bouzid

Siliana

Zaghouan

EAM = 1.8 qx/ha

Yield variations over 12 years

were explained by NDVI with

absolute mean error of 2 q/ha

for the three cereal crops.

DW BW

Barely

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Regional Center for Remote Sensing of the North African States (CRTEAN)

• Project “IMPROVEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND ADAPTATION TO

CLIMATE CHANGE -TUNISIA”

Crop and Irrigation mapping axis: CNCT, 2013-2015

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Modeling for ET estimation, Water and Energy Exchange, LDAS project

Humidity measurement

Flux station

• Measurements of EC and EB were set on wheat

crop at Mornag site (Experimentation farm of the

National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia (INAT),

• Period of EC measurements (Installed on January 16-17):

January 19, 2015-April 28, 2015

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ET RS and ET flux tower estimation in mm/h

12

METRIC (Allen et al, 2007) HRMET (Zipper and Lohide, 2014)

ET RS and ET flux tower data (interpolated) in mm/16 days

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On-going programs/projects for RS ET (and/or related parameters) determination • Research work (post-doc, graduate students…)

• Design of cereal crop insurance product,

- Project coordinated by the MA: Department of Financing,

Investment and Professional Organizations (DGFIOP),

- Partners: National Institute of Field Crops (INGC) and CNCT,

- Funded by “Agence Française pour le développement (AFD)”

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Design of cereal crop insurance product at delegation unit (sub-governorate level)

• Using rainfall data to compute SPI,

• Using NDVI for monitoring vegetation,

• Using ET to establish a yield loss function

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What do you think is missing to have a complete operational RS ET in the Country and how the Regional Collaborative Platform can help? • Role of FAO in consolidation the National Multi-Disciplinary and Inter-Ministerial Team

(NMDT) to address sustainable agricultural water resources management

• Capacity building (institutional),

• Developing knowledge and skills ( for technicians) on the followings:

- Implementation of ET estimation tools at field level for selected crops,

- Estimation of RS ET (in Tunisia, a spatial resolution of 100 m (1 ha) would be

effective),

• Using FAO funds, NMDT coordinator can organize during the coming days a workshop

targeting ET.

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Thank you for your attention

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