SESSION 8: ROMANS · working of miracles miracles gifts of healing gifts of healing service helping...

SESSION 8: ROMANS VIDEOS FROM BIBLEPROJECT.COM:

• Overview: Romans Ch. 1-4 (Part 1 of 2)

• Overview: Romans Ch. 5-16 (Part 2 of 2)

RECOMMENDED READINGS FROM THE ESV STUDY BIBLE:

• Reading the Epistles (pp. 2147–2149)

• Introduction to Romans (pp. 2151–2156)

HANDOUT FROM THE BIBLE PROJECT: • Paul's Letter to the Romans Overview Poster

HANDOUTS FROM DR. PARKE: • Book of Romans - Slides from Dr. Parke’s Teaching

• Letters

HANDOUTS FROM ESV STUDY BIBLE: • Chart: OT Testimony that All Are under Sin (3:9)

• Chart: Spiritual Gifts in Paul’s Letters

Record your attendance, watch videos and download available resources online at morrisonheights.org/introNT

Session 8: Romans - Page 1

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BOOK OF ROMANSSlides from Dr. Parke’s Teachings


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SLIDE 8

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SLIDE 14

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Letters

AKA “epistle” Romans ö Jude, a total of 21 biblical books

Description

The letters of the New Testament are “occasional literature,” results of and responses to aspecific occasion(s).The “occasion” more often characterized the readers of the letter rather than its writer, exceptions being Romans, Philemon, and James.

Examples of Occasions - Circumstances of the Recipient

ì misbehavior that required confrontationí heresy that required correctionî misunderstanding that required clarification

Gordon D. Fee and Douglas Stuart, How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth, 48“Most of our problems in interpreting the Epistles are due to this fact of their being occasional. We have the answers, but we do not always know what the questions or problems were, or even if there was a problem. It is much like listening to one end of a telephone conversation and trying to figure out who is on the other end and what that unseen party is saying. Yet in many cases it is especially important for us to try to hear ‘the other end,’ so that we know what our passage is an answer to.”

General Purpose

Being “occasional literature,” the letters of the New Testament did not teach doctrine as their primary purpose. They used specific theology to meet the unique needs of their readers.

Examples

Ephesians - - - - - - - - - - - - - Doctrine of the ChurchColossians - - - - - - - - - - - - Doctrine of Christ2 Thessalonians - - - - - - - - - Doctrine of the End TimesHebrews - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Doctrine of Christ

Format: Graeco-Roman Letter

ì OPENING FORMULA

Sender(s)AddresseeGreeting: “Love, “Mercy,” “Grace,” or “Peace” replaced “Greetings”Health Wish or Remembrance


í THANKSGIVING

most variable element in letters of the New Testament. . . sometimes a Prayer Wish [3 John]. . . sometimes a Doxology [2 Corinthians, Ephesians, 1 Peter]. . . sometimes missing [Galatians, 1 Timothy, Titus]

î BODY

Opening: Occasion(s) for the LetterClosing: Summary of the Letter

A longer “body” distinguished letters of the New Testament.

ï CONCLUDING FORMULA

Wish for Good HealthWord of Farewell: “Peace” or “Grace”

Four letters of the New Testament do not resemble a Graeco-Roman letter.

Hebrews

James

2 Peter

1 John

NO sender or greeting [Opening Formula]Chapters 1-10 read like a sermon, NOT a letter.NO addressee [Opening Formula]NO Concluding Formula“collection of sermon notes on a variety of ethical topics than a letter” (Fee and Stuart, 47)NO addressee [Opening Formula]NO Concluding Formula“body of a letter with all the formal elements shorn off”(Fee and Stuart, 47)

Categories

1 and 2 Thessaloniansoldest New Testament books, 50-51 A.D.

ì Gospel Letters [4]

. . . defines the gospel that the Apostle Paul preached

Romans1 and 2 CorinthiansGalatians

í Prison Letters [4]

. . . written from a jail in Ephesus, Caesarea, or Rome

EphesiansPhilippians


ColossiansPhilemon

î Pastoral Letters [3]

. . . addresses the concerns of a pastor and the local church

1 and 2 TimothyTitus

Hebrews

ï General Letters [7]

. . . AKA “Catholic” Letters

James1 and 2 Peter1, 2, and 3 JohnJude

Interpretation: How?

“The first thing one must try to do with any of the Epistles is to form a tentative but informedreconstruction of the situation that the author is speaking to.” (Fee and Stuart, 49)

Historical Context

ì Consult a Bible Dictionary, Study Bible (e.g., The Learning Bible), Bible Handbook (e.g., Halley’s Bible Handbook or Zondervan Handbook to the Bible), Bible Commentary, or an Introduction to the New Testament.

í Read the whole letter in one sitting: “Big Picture.”

î REread the letter, dividing it into sections.

“The next step in studying the Epistles is to learn to trace [the author’s] argument as an answer to[a] problem [or problems].” (Fee and Stuart, 54)

Literary Context

ì Think paragraphs (¶).

í Ask repeatedly “What’s the point?” N WHAT did the author write N WHY did the author write it


OT TESTIMONY THAT ALL ARE UNDER SIN (3:9)

Romans 3 OT Reference

Sinful Condition

v. 10, none is righteous Ps. 14:3/53:3; Eccles. 7:20

v. 11a, no one understands Ps. 14:2/53:2

v. 11b, no one seeks for God Ps. 14:2/53:2

v. 12, all have turned aside; together they have become worthless; no one does good, not even one

Ps. 14:3/53:3

Sinful Speech (note progression from throat to tongue to lips)

v. 13a, b, their throat is an open grave; they use their tongues to deceive

Ps. 5:10 LXX (English, 5:9)

v. 13c, the venom of asps is under their lips Ps. 140:3

v. 14, their mouth is full of curses and bitterness Ps. 10:7

Sinful Action

v. 15, their feet are swift to shed blood Prov. 1:16/Isa. 59:7

v. 16, in their paths are ruin and misery Isa. 59:7

v. 17, and the way of peace they have not known Isa. 59:8

Summary Statement

v. 18, there is no fear of God before their eyes Ps. 36:1


https://www.esv.org/Romans+3/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A10/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+14%3A3/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+53%3A3/https://www.esv.org/Ecclesiastes+7%3A20/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A11/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+14%3A2/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+53%3A2/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A11/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+14%3A2/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+53%3A2/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A12/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+14%3A3/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+53%3A3/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A13/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+5%3A10/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+5%3A9/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A13/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+140%3A3/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A14/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+10%3A7/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A15/https://www.esv.org/Proverbs+1%3A16/https://www.esv.org/Isaiah+59%3A7/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A16/https://www.esv.org/Isaiah+59%3A7/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A17/https://www.esv.org/Isaiah+59%3A8/https://www.esv.org/Romans+3%3A18/https://www.esv.org/Psalm+36%3A1/

SPIRITUAL GIFTS IN PAUL’S LETTERS

Romans 12:6–8 1 Corinthians 12:7–10 1 Corinthians 12:28 Ephesians 4:11

Having gifts that differ according to the grace given to us

To each is given the manifestation of the Spirit for the common good

God has appointed in the church

And he gave

apostles the apostles

prophecy prophecy prophets the prophets

the evangelists

ability to distinguish between spirits

utterance of wisdom

teaching utterance of knowledge teachers the shepherds and teachers

exhorting

working of miracles miracles

gifts of healing gifts of healing

service helping

leading administrating

various kinds of tongues various kinds of tongues

interpretation of tongues

giving

faith


https://www.esv.org/Romans+12%3A6%E2%80%938/https://www.esv.org/1+Corinthians+12%3A7%E2%80%9310/https://www.esv.org/1+Corinthians+12%3A28/https://www.esv.org/Ephesians+4%3A11/

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