Session 4A - Botswana
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Transcript of Session 4A - Botswana
Republic of Botswana
ORGANIC LINK OF BIRTHS, DEATHS AND NATIONAL IDENTITY MANAGEMENT: TOWARDS AN INTEGRATED
NATIONAL POPULATION REGISTER MS NEO CORNELIAH LEPANG
DIRECTOR
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AND NATIONAL REGISTRATION MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND HOME AFFAIRS
CIVIL REGISTRATION WORLD SUMMIT , BANGKOK THAILAND : “MAKE EVERY LIFE COUNT”
BOTSWANA: THE BACKGROUND
Population – 2.06 million; Pop Density – 3.6/Km2Birth rate: 22.02/1000; Death rate: 12/1000Births registered: 72% BFHS; Deaths registered: ??Institutional deliveries: 94%Ante Natal contact (at least one): 95%Mobile phones per capita: 0.91Registration infrastructure: all 12 districts and 21
sub districts and 7 on site registration at health facilities – open to citizens and non citizens
BOTSWANA: THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK
Births and Deaths Registration Act : Free, Compulsory , Time-Bound registration (births: 60 days; deaths 30 days) Register both citizens and noncitizens Late registration Fees (USD 0.75 p/m in default - USD 13 maximum USD 25 for failure to register - due to negligence and or imprisonment term not
exceeding 6 months Children’s Act: Birth registration a right for every child Biological parents details a must on birth certificate Nationality indicated on birth certificate National Registration Act: Limited to citizens, free, compulsory and time bound(within 30 days of turning 16 years or becoming a citizen) Failure to register an offence under law; Late registration fine USD 65 ,
imprisonment not exceeding 6 months
ORGANIC LINK:BIRTHS, DEATHS AND NATIONAL REGISTRATION
A robust and reliable Civil Registration and Vital Statistics data base is a basic foundation for any sustainable and secure identity management system
BDRS requests National unique ID number from NIS to register every birth.
Unique number continues in use for all purposes from cradle to grave –education, employment, pension,
elections, passport and boarder control etc. When person dies’, BDRS updates NIS on
the new status from ‘’live’’ to “dead” online and NIS update other interfaced Government systems real time.
Separate Birth Registration numbers provided for non citizens
Organic link between Birth, Death and National Registration through Unique number allocated at birth ensures trust and secures the identity chain in the registration processes.
Hospital based Birth Registration
BOTSWANA: CENTRAL ISSUESReaching the remaining 28% of population in a sparsely
populated country (Source BFHS 2007)Reaching hard to reach and vulnerable groups – focusing
on orphans, rural areas, children of low income and less educated parent
22% of hospital births not registered due to poor coordination
Scaling up death registrationWeak stakeholder collaboration/partnership
REACHING THE UNREACHED
BFHS 2007 :72 % National Birth registration coverage
2010: Country wide campaign for Universal Births & Deaths Registration in partnership with unicef . Theme: “Don’t let your child be a “Nobody”; Register your child’s birth Today! – on going
Motivation of Registration demand
2011: Special Project on Registration of Remote Area Dwellers in partnership with local leadership, unicef, unfpa – on going
REACHING THE UNREACHED 2012: On site Hospital Based Births and Deaths
Registration - ongoing 2013 May: Skills and Capacity building Training on
Assessment of CRVS completeness and development of time-bound, costed Action Plan supported by UNECA
2013 July : Assessment of Completeness of Botswana CRVS and development of Plan of Action – requires support
2013 October : Implementation of Plan of Action – requires support
Improve stakeholder collaboration: Home Affairs, Health, Statistics – systems link – requires support
Security and data integrity - central to building credible and trusted crvs databases and national registration systems
value of person identity and; crvs role in national development planning and programming.
Prevention of identity Fraud Fraud more prevalent at enrolment stage, issue is to be sure of identity of the
applicant: is the person who he says he is; Fraud has shifted from document forgery to use of false breeder documents Risk is with use of fake or stolen breeder documents and false identity
claims Personnel integrity crucial to close out corrupt practices risk More secure breeder documents crucial : affidavits, birth certificates
( minimum standards; ICAO) Fraud accelerating factors Human mobility Digitalization Global networks Economic crisis
BUILDING TRUSTED DATABASES AND IDENTITIES
IMPACT OF INSECURE IDENTITIESHousehold Impersonation : false wedding, criminal registry Asset fraud: account takeover, credit in your nameGovernments/corporate Unreliable data bases : insecure claims of rights such as
citizenship, land, old age pensions etc. Improper development planning processes Data losses Unstable democracy due to unreliable voters rolls Financial fraud: economic and financial losses
CONCLUSION: KEY MESSAGE The integrity of the person data, enrolment and issuance
processes and documents as well as integrity of the personnel involved is key to a sustainable, secure and trusted identity management system and stabilized person identity
Identity chain is secured by complete births and deaths registers as a basis for a robust national registration system. Such is central to data integrity.
Need for automated & more intelligent and secure systems that are easy to operate to optimise efficiency and effectiveness
An optimization ratio for convenience crucial (number of enrolment sites and percentage of citizens to be reached)
Free and compulsory registration with penalties crucial for universality
Data protection and privacy, electronic signature legislative frameworks underpin a secure Identity Management System
Secure, Resilient,
Seamless People Hub
Birth & Death
Marriage
Imm & Citizenship
Visa & MigrationWork &
Resident Permits
National ID
The People Hub - Botswana
Need to create interoperable universal identity repository with biometric information for basic public administration and efficient service delivery
Percentage of children not registered by orphan status
Non Or-
phans
Single Orphans
Double Orphans
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
% Children not registered
% Children not registered
Source: UNICEF Secondary Analysis of BFHS IV 2007
Percentage of children not registered by wealth quintile
(richest) 1098765432
(poorest) 1
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
% Children not registered
% Children not registered
Source: UNICEF secondary analysis of BFHS IV 2007
Percentage of children not registered by education of household head
Never a
ttended
Primary
Seco
ndary
Certifica
te
Diploma
Degree
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
% of children not registered
% of children not reg-istered
Source:UNICEF Secondary analysis of BFHS IV 2007
Percentage of children not registered by geographical location 2007
City/Town Urban/village Rural0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
% of children not registered
% of children not reg-istered
Source: UNICEF Secondary analysis of BFHS IV 2007