Session 2: Weaving BBB Principle into Reconstruction · Kathmandu Valley Resilient Plan...
Transcript of Session 2: Weaving BBB Principle into Reconstruction · Kathmandu Valley Resilient Plan...
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Session 2: Weaving BBB Principle into Reconstruction and Recovery
Overview of Japanese Assistance for Reconstruction
and Recovery in Nepal
Mr. Ichiro Kobayashi, Project Leader, JICA RRNE Project
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1. Overview of JICA Projects
2. Housing
3. School
4. Cultural Heritage
5. Other Infrastructure & Livelihood Recovery
6. Understanding Disaster Risk
7. Plan Formulation
8. Conclusion and Way Forward
Table of Contents
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1. Overview of JICA Projects
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JICA’s unique contribution: Parallel implementation of recovery projects and disaster risk analysis for DRR actions to reduce future vulnerability.
Basic Strategy of JICA
Recovery of damaged houses, schools, infrastructure, livelihood
Gorkha Earthquake
Disaster Risk Analysis
Resilient Nepal
2015 Present Future
BBB Concept
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Timeline
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Housing
School
Hospital, Bridge Water Supply
Small-scale Infra.
Livelihood
KV Risk Assessment
KV Resilience Plan
Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan
Rec
ove
ry
Ris
k A
nal
ysis
&
DR
R A
ctio
n
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Made by JICA Project Team
Location Map of JICA Projects
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Financial Input
Target Modality Amount (Mill USD)
Housing Loan 96
School Loan 112
Cultural Heritage Counterpart Fund 3
Hospital, Bridge, Water Supply
Grant 32
Others 31
Total 275 Source: JICA
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2. Housing Reconstruction
Providing financial assistance is USD 96 million in two districts
Technical support for establishment of standard housing design including structural analysis
‒ Housing Catalogue ‒ Minimum Requirements
Handbook, Guidebook and Video for safe houses Training for masons, engineers and house owners
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Static & FEM (Finite Element Method) were conducted and results were applied to the model design in the catalogue.
Structural Calculation and Analysis
Source: JICA Project Team(RRNE)
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Contributed to DUDBC’s publication of Design Catalogue Vol.1: SMC: Stone masonry in cement mortar BMC: Brick masonry in cement mortar SMM: Stone masonry in mud mortar BMM: Brick masonry in mud mortar
JICA Model
Source: DUDBC
Design Catalogue Vol.1 reconstruction of earthquake resistant houses
SMC-1.1 SMC-2.1
BMC-1.2 BMC-2.1
Available at: http://www.dudbc.gov.np/download/cat/13 (Since Nov. 2015) Source: JICA Project Team(RRNE)
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Minimum Requirements
For masonry structure
For RC structure
12,000 copies of brochures distributed
MRs is simplified requirements for constructing safer house. These are guided by NBC* 202 and NBC 203, which are based on NBC 105 seismic design code. *NBC: Nepal National Building Code
Source: JICA Project Team(RRNE), NRA
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Technical handbook for masons
Guidebook for house owners
Handbook, Guidebook and Video
These booklet were used in training since 2015. -More than 3,000 masons were trained and more than 6,000 house owners had training by JICA
Technical video for masonry structures
Source: JICA Project Team(RRNE)
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Target Area of Transitional Project Implementation Support for Emergency Reconstruction Projects
Primary Area: Gorkha and Sindhupalchowk Targets: Approx. 52,000 HH
TPIS- ERP
Source: Survey Department Nepal, made by JICA Project Team
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Accomplishment till 16th April 2017
• Technical document Housing catalog, Minimum requirement, Inspection guide line and Manual, Correction/Exception manual
• 7days Mason Training: 72 times (2,157 masons)
• 1day Refresher Training: 49 times (1,404 masons)
• 1day House Owner Training :143 times (6,518 person)
• Training of Trainers for MOUD-CLPIU engineers
19 times (493 engineers)
• Inspection Training for MOUD-CLPIU engineers
15 times (401 engineers)
TPIS- ERP Training for Masons, Engineers and House Owners
Source: JICA Project Team
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TPIS- ERP Training for Masons, Engineers and House Owners
最新の研修実施実績を次ページのものと統合した形で記載下さい。研修の様子のわかる写真も添えて下さい。 Upcoming activitiesも「これが目玉だ」と思えるものを2,3点、このスライドに記載下さい。
After the training, many houses have vertical members and bands in their construction site.
Source: JICA Project Team(TPIS)
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Planed upcoming activities
• Technical document
Structure manual such as Timber, Hybrid, Steel
• 2day Refresher Training: 8 times (240 masons)
• Correction/Exception Training for Masons :As Needed
• Inspection Training for MOUD-CLPIU engineers
80 times (400 engineers x 4 times)
TPIS- ERP
Transitional Project Implementation Support for Emergency Reconstruction Projects
Source: JICA Project Team
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Planed Upcoming activities
TPIS- ERP
Transitional Project Implementation Support for Emergency Reconstruction Projects
CBRC* Workshop and Support: 32 times
CBRC: Community based reconstruction committee
Motivate CBRC activities to accelerate reconstruction of earthquake resilient houses by the mutual support among community peoples.
Mobile Mason Supervision:4 VDCs
Support house owners and workers involved for reconstruction through direct supervision by the mobile masons make compliant houses.
Source: JICA Project Team(TPIS)
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3. School Reconstruction Providing financial assistance in USD 112 million for
300 schools Technical support -Guideline -Type Design
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Kathmandu Valley Resilient Plan
Seismic Resistant Building Guidelines of School
Developed two volumes of Guidelines with CLPIU and ADB: 1. Guidelines for Developing Type Designs for School Buildings in Nepal 2. Interim Structural Design Criteria for Type Design of School Buildings
Academic Block
60 Types of Design
Practical Block
Multipurpose Hall Toilet Combine Source : Prepared by JICA and ADB for DOE
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Outline of School Reconstruction Loan
Target: approx. 283 Schools in Gorkha, Dhading, Rasuwa, Nuwakot, Lalitpur and Makwanpur 1st Batch: 83 schools, ongoing
2nd Batch: 67 schools, to be started in July, 2017
3rd Batch: 133 schools, to be started in Nov, 2017
School Reconstruction Principle:
Basic Secondary Public Schools Complete School with Classrooms,
Laboratory, Library, Computer Room, Music & Drawing Room, Toilet, Water Reservoir Tank and Fences
Reinforced Concrete Frame Environmental Friendly Child, Gender and Disabled (CGD)
friendly Source: Survey Department Nepal, made by JICA Project Team
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Construction Progress
Shree Kalidevi higher secondary school PYUTAR, LALITPUR (Total No. of Students: 354)
After EQ As of April 2017
To be completed in 2017
Source: JICA Project Team(ESRP)
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4. Cultural Heritage
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Main Target Temples
- Aganche Mandir, Hanuman Dhoka
- Shiva Temple, Hanuman Dhoka
- Degu Talle Temple, Patan Durbar Square
JICA is the sole agency of dispatching experts to DOA
The experts provide technical advices to DOA for the rehabilitation of the above mentioned temples and sustainable heritage management.
Aganche Mandir Shiva Temple
Dispatch of Experts for Rehabiltation of Cultural Heritages
Degu Talle
Source: RTPM
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5. Other Infrastructure and
Livelihood Recovery Health Facility Transport and Water Supply Public Services Livelihood Recovery
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Health Facility
Bir Hospital (Kathmandu) Area: 3,119m2
Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital (Kathmandu) Area: 5,046m2
Source: JICA Project Team(RRNE)
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Transport and Water Supply Facility Securing Access to Barpak
by Bridge Construction
5 Bridges, totally 289 meter long To be completed in September 2018
Water Supply Recovery for Chautara
Majhuwa CC
Thalkharka CC
Chitre CC
Holche CC
WTP
0 1 2 3km
Collection Chamber (CC)
Thalkharka Line
Majhuwa Line
Holche Line
Water Treatment Plant
Legend
Reservoir
Pressure Breaking Chamber
Actual Layout
Syaule Junction
Thalkharka
21.8 km
• Renewal of pipeline totally 21.8 km long • Applied seismic resistant pipe material • 5952 beneficiaries • To be completed in June 2018
Water Source
Chautara
Source: Shangri-La Design Pvt. Ltd. , Survey Department Government of Nepal
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Resuming Public Services in a More Resilient Form
Reconstruction of Police Office(QIP-04)
Reconstruction of VDC Office (QIP-05)
Reconstruction of DADO Office (QIP-06)
Palungtar, Gorkha
Thokarpa, Sindhupalchok
Chautara, Sindhupalchok
Gorkha
Sin dhu
Sin dhu
RRNE Resuming Public Services
Source: JICA Project Team(RRNE)
Reconstruction of Agriculture Facility (QIP-07)
Bhotechaur Sindhupalchok
Sin dhu
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Reconstruction of Women Children Office (QIP-02)
Establishment and Strengthening of Women’s Cooperative (QIP-18)
Chautara, Sindhupalchok
Formulation of Ward level
Committees
Trainings on cooperative establishment process
Sin dhu
Gorkha
RRNE
Support for Women and the Vulnerable
Source: JICA Project Team(RRNE)
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Improvement of maize farming practice for poor farmers (QIP-21)
Goat farming(QIP-19)
Improvement Vegetable Farming practices for women’s groups (QIP-20)
RRNE Support for Livelihood Recovery
Gorkha
Sin dhu
Gorkha
Sin dhu
Gorkha
Source: JICA Project Team(RRNE)
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6. Understanding Disaster Risk
Seismic Risk Assessment of Kathmandu Valley Digital Geo-Information Map Landslide Hazard Map in Gorkha and Sindhupalchok
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Seismic Risk Assessment of KV
Selection of Scenario EQ
Far-Mid Western
Nepal Eq. Model
Western Nepal
Eq. Model
Central Nepal
South Eq. ModelGorkha Eq. Model 1934 Eq. Model
Magnitude 8.6 7.8 7.8 7.8 8.3
Type Reverse Reverse Reverse Reverse Reverse
Scenario Earthquakes Verification Earthquakes
KV
Adopted as Scenario EQ for Risk Assessment
Source: Seismicity: ANSS Composite Earthquake Catalogue, USGS
and DMG Catalogue, compiled by JICA Project Team
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Seismic Risk Assessment of KV
Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA)
Case CNS-2 2015 Gorkha EQ
• The scenario EQ is stronger than 2015 EQ. • Mid-south of KV (a part of Kirtipur, Chandragiri, Godawari and
Mahalaxmi) is particularly subject to strong ground motion.
250 - 600 Estimated for verification
Source: Survey Department Nepal, made by JICA Project Team
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Seismic Risk Assessment of KV Estimated Damage
• More damage expected against the scenario EQ than 2015 EQ.
• Urgent reinforcement for existing bldg., infrastructure required.
Buildings School
Bridge Source: Survey Department Nepal, made by JICA Project Team
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Seismic Risk Assessment of KV
Human Death Casualty
Death Distribution Death Ratio Distribution
Earthquake Occurrence Scenes
Estimated Casualty (Case CNS-2)
Weekend Daytime 15,526
Weekday Daytime 19,954
Night 22,179
Source: Survey Department Nepal, made by JICA Project Team
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Formulation of Standard Operation Procedure (SOP)
DRRM Plan for KV municipalities
Result of Risk Assessment
Formulation of Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (DRRMP)
Setting Target Value for DRR
Disaster Risk Reduction
Emergency Response
Recovery/ Reconstruction
Break down for prompt and effective Emergency Response
December 2017
September 2017
Source: JICA Project Team(ERAKV)
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Partnership with Academia
Integrated Research on Great Earthquakes and Disaster Mitigation in
Nepal Himalaya
Department of Mines and Geology & University of Tokyo
• More in-depth study on the earthquake mechanisms in Nepal Himalaya
• Seismic hazard assessment, EQ observation system and education/policy implication to be delivered.
• Project period: Aug. 2016 – Jul. 2021
Source:SATREPS
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[Project Area 14 Districts] • Existing Topographic map data • Satellite Imagery (After
Earthquake/SPOT/1.5mResolution)
• Landslide Identification Approx. 10,000 sites
[Gorkha, Sindhupalchok] • Satellite Imagery (Before
Earthquake/SPOT/1.5mResolution) • Landslide Identification Approx. 7,200 polygons • Digital Elevation Model (DEM) > Contour line Creation > Disaster damage on 3D view
[Kathmandu Valley] (Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, Part of Lalitpur) • Satellite Imagery (After
Earthquake/SPOT/1.5mResolution) • Reconstruction Support Map Scale: 1/10,000, 1/5,000
Digital Geo-information Status (Work Completed)
Formulation of Digital Geo-Information Maps RRNE
Source: Source: © 2015CNES – Distribution Airbus DS, made by JICA Study Team
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1/5,000
1/10,000 Sample of 1/10,000 map
1/10,000 1/5,000
Target Area Kathmandu Valley Bhaktapur/Lalitpur/Kathmandu/Budhanilkantha
Area 721km2 121km2
Reconstruction Support Map for KV RRNE
Airbus DS 2015, made by JICA Study Team
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Enlargement of Hazard Map (Tatopani)
Enlargement of Hazard Map (Barhabise)
Landslide Hazard Map (Sindhupalchok)
RRNE
Featured Factors: Slope angle, Slope direction, Distance from epicenter, Distance from faults
Source: NTT DATA, RESTEC Included ©JAXA
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Landslide Hazard Map (Gorkha)
Enlargement of Hazard Map (Laprak)
RRNE
Workshop on Hazard Map Utilization January 22 - February 2, 2017
Workshop on Hazard Map Preparation February 28 - March 10, 2017
Source: JICA Project Team Source: NTT DATA, RESTEC Included ©JAXA
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7. Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan
Kathmandu Valley Resilient Plan (KVRP) Rehabilitation and Reconstruction Plan (RRP)
for Gorkha and Sindhupalchok District Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM)
Plan for Lalitpur/Bhaktapur/Budhanilkantha Municipality
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iv. Achieve swift recovery and reconstruction.
iii. Mitigate damage to property of the citizenry and public facilities.
ii. Avoid fatal damage to important functions for maintaining administration, social and economic systems
i. Prevent human loss by any means. Building land
and society resilient to large scale
natural disasters under the concept of
BBB.
RRNE RRNE Basic Principles of KV Resilience Plan
Source: JICA Project Team(RRNE)
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KVRP: Emergency Transportation Network
Source: Survey Department Nepal, made by JICA Project Team
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RRNE KVRP: Distribution of Evacuation Space
Source: Survey Department Nepal, made by JICA Project Team
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Sindhupalchowk District Vision
“ Safe, Prosperous and Beautiful Sindhupalchowk”
Gorkha District Vision
“Beautiful, Equitable and Prosperous Gorkha through Agriculture, Tourism and Resilient Infrastructure”
Planning Period : 2016- 2026 (10 years) Basic Policy
Recovery of Daily Lives Housing Reconstruction, Restoration of Public Services ( Administration, Health, Education and Social Welfare), Livelihood Restoration of Vulnerable population Building Resilient District Structure Utilization of Hazard Map, Restoration of Resilient Infrastructure, Establishment of DRR System Recovery and Development of Regional Economy Restoration of Agriculture, Restoration of Tourism, Restoration of Cottage and Small Industries
RRNE
Overview of RRPs in Sindhupalchowk/Gorkha
Source: JICA Project Team(RRNE)
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Landslide Hazard Assessment and Identification of Hazard Area
Evaluation of Land Use / Settlement Area
RRNE
RRP: Utilization of Landslide Hazard Map
Source: NTT DATA, RESTEC Included ©JAXA
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8. Conclusion and Way Forward
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Conclusion and Way Forward
Since immediately after the earthquake, JICA has implemented a diverse range of BBB recovery projects firmly based on scientific analysis.
The ongoing recovery efforts need to reduce Nepal’s social, economic and physical vulnerability to disasters, so that the future disasters will not be caused by the same vulnerability.
Therefore, the current process of BBB-based recovery should contribute to more comprehensive longer-term DRR measures at all levels.
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Build Back Better
Thank you for your attention! Source: JICA Project Team