Serial data transfer
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Transcript of Serial data transfer
Serial Data Transfer
8051
Serial vs Parallel Data Transfer
SERIAL COMMUNICATION(TELEPHONE LINE):
• long distance • cheaper• one bit/data line
PARALLEL COMMUNICATION (PRINTER):• fast• distance cannot be greater• expensive
SERIAL COMMUNICATION
PISO SHIFT REGISTER
SIPO SHIFT REGISTER
DA CONVERTER
AD CONVERTER
Start bit—indicates the beginning of the data word
Stop bit—indicates the end of the data word
Parity bit—added for error detection (optional)
Data bits—the actual data to be transmitted
Baud rate—the bit rate of the serial port
Basic Terms:
Asynchronous Serial Communication
• With asynchronous communication, the transmitter and receiver do not share a common clock
Transmitter Receiver+
1 byte-wide Data
Data–
1 byte-wide Data
The Receiver
Extracts the data using its own clock
Converts the serial data back to the parallel form after stripping off the start, stop and parity bits
The Transmitter
Shifts the parallel data onto the serial line using its own clock
Also adds the start, stop and parity check bits
Add: Start, Stop, Parity Bits
Remove: Start, Stop, Parity Bits
• Asynchronous transmission is easy to implement but less efficient as it requires an extra 2-3 control bits for every 8 data bits
• This method is usually used for low volume transmission
D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7
Start Bit 1 or 2 Stop Bits Parity Bit
1 Asynchronous Byte
Synchronous Serial Communication
• In the synchronous mode, the transmitter and receiver share a common clock
• The transmitter typically provides the clock as a separate signal in addition to the serial data
Transmitter Receiver
Data
Clock
The Receiver
Extracts the data using
the clock provided by the
transmitter
Converts the serial data
back to the parallel form
The Transmitter
Shifts the data onto the serial
line using its own clock
Provides the clock as a
separate signal
No start, stop, or parity bits
added to data
1 byte-wide Data
1 byte-wide Data
9 Pin Connector on a DTE device (PC connection)
Male RS232 DB9
Pin Number Direction of signal:
1 Carrier Detect (CD) (from DCE) Incoming signal from a modem
2 Received Data (RD) Incoming Data from a DCE
3 Transmitted Data (TD) Outgoing Data to a DCE
4 Data Terminal Ready (DTR) Outgoing handshaking signal
5 Signal Ground Common reference voltage
6 Data Set Ready (DSR) Incoming handshaking signal
7 Request To Send (RTS) Outgoing flow control signal
8 Clear To Send (CTS) Incoming flow control signal
9 Ring Indicator (RI) (from DCE) Incoming signal from a modem
TXD(P3.1)
RXD(P3.0)
RXD
TXD
COM port of PC or device8051
How to Access UART?
• Each UART is accessed by two SFRs—SBUF and SCON
• The Serial Port Buffer (SBUF) is essentially two buffers: writing loads data to be transmitted to the buffer and reading accesses received data from the buffer.
• These are two separate and distinct buffers (registers): the transmit write-only buffer and the receive read-only register
• The Serial Port Control register (SCON) contains status and control bits
• The control bits set the operating mode for the serial port, and status bits indicate the end of the character transmission or reception
SCON Register:
OPERATING MODES OF SERIAL PORTS
• SERIAL PORT INTERFACE OF 8051 CAN BE OPERATED UNDER FOUR MODES:
MODE 0
MODE 1
MODE 2
MODE 3
MODE 0:(SIMPLE SHIFT REGISTER MODE)
• Serial data transmission and reception both are done through RXD pin
• 8 bits are transmitted or received with LSB first
• Asynchronous mode
• Only if R1=0, REN=1 reception is initiated
MODE 1:STANDARD UART
• Standard asynchronous serial communication mode
• 10 bits transmitted through TXD or received through RXD
• Start bit is active low signal and a stop bit is active high
• Baud rate is variable
2^SMOD\*oscillator frequency\(12*(256-(TH1))
• SMOD bit 0 or 1 in PCON
MODE 2:MULTIPROCESSOR MODE
• Supports asynchronous serial data transfer method
• 11 bits are transmitted or received
• 9th data bit can be assigned the value of 0 or 1 and 8 bit data is loaded into SBUF by programmer
o Baud rate =2^(SMOD)\64*(oscillator frequency)
MODE 3
• It is same as mode 2 in all aspects except the baud rate
• Baud rate is variable here
• Calculation of BR is similar to the mode 1 using timer 1
• 11 bits are transmitted or received here
• 11 bits consists of a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a programmable 9th bit and a stop bit (1)