Glacier Hazard Workshop 2009 Vienna

Sergey Chernomorets, Stephen G. Evans, Dmitry Petrakov, Olga Tutubalina, Irina Seynovay , g , y

Moscow State UniversityUniversity Centre for

Engineering GeodynamicsUniversity of Waterloo

C dyFaculty of Geography

Russia

Engineering Geodynamics and Monitoring

Russia

Canada

Russia

Bl k SCaspian Sea

GeorgiaBlack Sea Sea

AzerbaijanArmenia

Azerbaijan

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“Kazbek blockages”: the beginning of glacial hazard research in the Caucasus (1860s)

“Kazbek blockages”: the beginning of glacial hazard research in the Caucasus (1860s)g g g ( )

BoleslavStatkowsky

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BoleslavStatkowskyStatkowsky,

a railway engineer andthe first expert

on glacial hazards

Statkowsky,a railway engineer and

the first experton glacial hazards

and debris flowsin the Russian Empire.

and debris flowsin the Russian Empire.

Glacial debris flows: Glacial debris flows: hazard assessmenthazard assessment

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Debris flow disaster:Gerkhozhan-Su River, 2000

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Debris flow initiation zone just after the event, July 2000

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Damaged area: mining town of Tyrnyauz

Protective dam destroyed in 1999

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Changes 1 year after the disaster

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GLOFs: prediction experienceGLOFs: prediction experienceGLOFs: prediction experienceGLOFs: prediction experience

Database of glacial lakes: 71 lake in the Central Caucasus

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Photo: Sergey Chernomorets

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Черноморец С.С., Черноморец С.С., Петраков Д.А., Сейнова Петраков Д.А., Сейнова И.Б., Тутубалина О.В. И.Б., Тутубалина О.В. 2121

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July 2007Volume: 800,000 m Volume: 1,000.000 m

Mitigation: Mitigation: outburst hazard of Lakeoutburst hazard of Lake BahskaraBahskaraoutburst hazard of Lake outburst hazard of Lake BahskaraBahskara

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Lake Lapa. Area and volume in 2001-2006

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Changes of Lake Lapa and Lake Mizinchik 800

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Changes of Lake Lapa and Lake Mizinchik as recorded by repeated geodetic surveys. y = 7.9868e0.0515x

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Lake Lapa. Relationshipsbetween area and volume 0 20 40 60 80 100

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between area and volume in 2001-2006Graph: Inna Krylenko

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Glacier disasters around Glacier disasters around Mt. Kazbek, Russia/GeorgiaMt. Kazbek, Russia/Georgia

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Map of glacial and debris flow hazardKolka Glacier Disaster,

North Ossetia, 20 September 2002North Ossetia, 20 September 2002

Wiped out the New Karmadon villageD t dDestroyed infrastructureTourist facilities ruined

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130 140 M 3

Origin – remains of Kolka Glacier

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r ~130-140 M m3transported material, including ~110 M m3 ice-debris dam

The largest (by volume) recorded glacier event

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in the Karmadon depression

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Kolka: precatastrophic rock and ice avalanches, August-September 2002

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Processes in the Kolka glacier repository: one year after the disaster

I. Features unchanged in the 2002 disaster: 1.Rock ridges. 2. Summits. 3.ridges. 2. Summits. 3. Rocks and slopes with screes. 4. Denudation ravines on slopes. 5.Screes. 6. Moraines. 7. Morainic ridges 8 GlaciersMorainic ridges. 8. Glaciers and snow fields. II. Features linked to the 2002 disaster: 9. Boundary of the disaster area. А. Glacial erosion forms: 10. Area from where the glacier ice was removed. 11. Surfaces with glacial striation and polish,

Map compiled by S.S. Chernomorets, O.V Tutubalina, D.A. Petrakov on the basis of field

glacial striation and polish, fluting. 12. Ice break-up lines. B. Accumulation forms: 13. Masses of displaced ice. 14. “hummocky moraine” 15 D.A. Petrakov on the basis of field

data and IRS LISS/Pan satellite image of 11.07.2003

III. Changes after the disaster: 17. Active rock falls and screes. 18. Ice falls. 19. Renewed ravines with active rock falls 20 Renewed screes 21 Debris flows of high frequency 22

hummocky moraine 15. Ice blocks pressed into slope depressions and ravines (on 17 August 2003). 16. Displaced

ravines with active rock falls 20. Renewed screes. 21. Debris flows of high frequency. 22. Debris flow deposits. 23. River channels with traces of debris flows. 24. Thermokarst и degradation of “hummocky moraine”. 25. Landslides. 26. Temporary lake in October 2002. 27.Temporary lakes in July 2003.

morainic material with ice inclusions.

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Карта: составлена И.В. Крыленко, И.Н. КрыленкоS

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Beware: Kazbek glaciers!Popular booklet in Russian

Sergey Chernomoretsdevdorak@gmail.com

Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!