Septic Tank Size_ Table of Required Septic Tank Sizes - Septic Tank Capacity vs Usage & Computing...
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4/7/2015 SepticTankSize:TableofRequiredSepticTankSizesSepticTankCapacityvsUsage&ComputingSepticTankCapacityorSepticTankSizeRe
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SEPTICTANKSIZECONTENTS:Septictanksizingtablesprovideaguidetochoosingaseptictanksizebasedonwaterusage.Minimumrecommendedseptictanksizesbasedonbuildingoccupancyorwastewatervolume.Howdoesweatheraffectthenecessaryseptictanksize.Design,CodeRequirements&MaintenanceforTwoCompartmentSepticTanksCOMPUTESEPTICTANKCAPACITYcalculaterequiredseptictankcapacityCOMPUTINGEXAMPLEforseptictankcapacity
requirementsSEPTICTANKDIMENSIONStypical
POSTaQUESTIONorREADFAQsabouthowtocalculatethenecessarysizeofaseptictankREFERENCES
InspectAPediatoleratesnoconflictsofinterest.Wehavenorelationshipwithadvertisers,products,orservicesdiscussedatthiswebsite.
Septictanksizespecifications&requirements:
Thisarticleprovidesaseptictanksizetabletodeterminetherequiredsizeorcapacityofaseptictank.Thetypicalresidentialseptictanksizerequiredforagivenaveragedailysewagewastewaterflowingallonsisprovidedinatableofseptictanksizes.Wealsoincludetablesoftypicalseptictanksizedimensionsandcapacitiesforconcreteseptictanks,plasticorfiberglassseptictanks&steelseptictanks.
Thischapteralsoexplainshowtocalculateseptictankvolumebasedonseptictankinsidedimensionsmeasuredinfeet,andwediscussthesizing,installation,andfunctionsofseptictankteestopreventsepticsystemclogging.Septictanksizerequirementsandhowtocalculateseptictankcapacityareexplained.
SepticTankCapacityvsUsageinDailyGallonsofWastewaterFlow&HowtoCalculatetheSize(ingallons)ofaSepticTankarereflectedinthetable.Thischaptersummarizesguidelinesontherequiredseptictanksizebasedonanticipatedlevelofdailygallonsofsewagewastewaterflow.
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SEPTICTANKSIZETABLETableofRequiredSepticTankSizeBasedonDailyWaterUsageHowbigdoesourseptictankneedtobe?Typicallytheseptictankvolumeforaconventionaltankandonsiteeffluentdisposalsystem(suchasadrainfield)isestimatedataminimumof1000gallonsor1.5xaveragetotaldailywastewaterflow.
TableofRequiredSepticTankSizeBasedonDailyWasteWaterVolumeinGallons
AverageSewageWastewaterFlowGallonsPerDay
MinimumSepticTankSizeinGallonsofEffectiveCapacityNeeded(1)
0500 900
601700 1200
801900 1500
SepticTankSepticPumpSepticWaste
SepticPumpSepticWasteSepticField
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10011240 1900
20012500 3200
45015000 5800
NotestoTable:
(1)Source:FloridaASHISeminar,Kissimmee,October1993,includedsheetfromHealthServices,March17,1992.
Someintermediatetableentrieswereeliminatedbutcanberecalculatedbyinterpolation
InmostU.S.jurisdictionswesurveyed,theminimumpermittedtanksizefornewsepticinstallationsis1000gallons.Specialsiteconsiderationsmayrequiredesignbyasepticengineerbeforelocalhealthdepartmentscanapproveaninstallation.
WATERUSAGETABLEprovidescompaniondataifyoudon'talreadyknowyourdailywastewatervolume
Thistableisforsizingresidentialseptictanks.
Separately,COMMERCIALSEPTICDESIGNdiscussescommercialseptictankanddrainfieldsizingbasedonwastewaterflowestimates.TherewealsoincludeexcerptsfromtheEPADesignManual'sdiscussionofhowaseptictanksizeshouldbedetermined,includingsafetyfactorsbutbalancingdesigncapacitysafetywithavoidingunnecessarilyhighcosts.
SEPTICTANKSIZETABLETableofRequiredSepticTankSizeBasedonNumberofBedroomsinaHomeHowbigdoesourseptictankneedtobebasedonthenumberofbedroomsinthehome?Somejurisdictionsusethenumberofbedroomsratherthannumberofoccupantsorestimateddailywastewaterflowtoguidehomeownersandsepticinstallersinchoosingaseptictanksize.
SepticTankinGallonsSizeBasedonNumberofBedrooms
Numberofbedrooms MinimumSepticTankCapacity(Gallons)MinimumSepticTankLiquidSurfaceArea(sq.ft.)
0bedrooms 750gal.(2)obsoleteinNYS
1,2,or3bedrooms 1,000gallons 27sq.ft.
4bedrooms 1,200gallons 34sq.ft.
5bedrooms 1,500gallons 40sq.ft.
6bedrooms 1,750gallons 47sq.ft.
Notestotheseptictanksizingtable:
Originalsource:NewYorkStateNYS75A.WastewaterTreatmentStandards,Update12January2015tocurrenttablethatlumps13bedroomstogetherandadds6bedroomhomes.ThecurrentstandarddocumentisprovidedasaPDFandcanbeseeninitsentiretyatREFERENCES
Theolderversionofthistablepermitted750gallonseptictanksinsomejurisdictionsandpermitted1,500gallonseptictanksfor6bedroomhomes.SomecurrentstandardssuchasNewMexicostillpermitthesesmallerseptictanksizes).
Forexample,NewMexicousesthisstandard.Otherexpertsestimatethatoccupantsusebetween50and100gallonsofwaterperpersonperdayinahomeintheU.S.Wecanusethatguesstimatetocomparedifferentseptictanksizeguidelines.AlsoseeWATERUSAGETABLE.
ThecurrentandsomewhatmorestringentseptictanksizeusedintheU.S.byNewYork(PublicHealthLaw201(1)(1)Section75A)standardincludesthesecommentsonseptictanksizing:
Tanksizerequirementsformorethansixbedroomsshallbecalculatedbyadding\gallonsandsevensquarefeetofsurfaceareaforeachadditionalbedroom.
Agarbagegrindershallbeconsideredequivalenttoanadditionalbedroomfordeterminingtanksize.
2.Watchout:750gallonseptictanksaresmallerthantheminimum1000gsizerequiredfornewconstructioninmanyjurisdictionsworldwide.
SepticTankSizeRequirementsMayBeSetorAdjustedbyLocalorStateorProvincialOrdinances,LiftStations,Weather
Insomejurisdictionsgovernmentordinancemaysimplyspecifytheminimumallowableseptictanksizeby
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Numberofbedrooms(asinourtableabove).ForexampletheAlaskastateregulation(18AAC72)specifiesthattheminimumseptictanksizeshallbe1000gallonsforahomewiththreeorfewerbedrooms.(Mostsepticdesignguidespresumeanoccupancyoftwopeopleperbedroom,soifyourhomeismorecrowdedyourseptictanksizeshouldbeincreased).
Septicpumpingchambers:useofasepticsystempumpingchamber:thesameexampleregulationsasabovestatethat
Ifaseptictankincorporatesanintegralliftstationpumpingchamber,therequiredtanksizemustbeincreasedby250gallons[4]
Localweathertemperatures:thesameexamplesepticregulationjustcitedalsopointsoutthatseptictanksizesneedtobeconsideredinviewoftheclimatewheretheyareinstalled.InverycoldclimatessuchasAlaskaandnorthernCanada,becausecoldtemperaturesreducetheanaerobicrateofdigestionofsewagesolids,theseptictanksizesneedtobeincreasedmoresize,morenetfreearea,longerseptictankretentiontimesareallneeded.Converselyinwarmorhotclimateswherethelevelofbacterialactioniscomparativelygreater,septictanksizesmaybeabitsmaller.
Design,CodeRequirements&MaintenanceforTwoCompartmentSepticTanks
Twocompartmentseptictanksdoasomewhatbetterjobofremovingsuspendedsolidsfromwastewaterthansinglecompartmentseptictanks,andsomejurisdictions,includingAlaskarequirethattwocompartmentseptictanksbeused.Butwehavenotfoundregulationsthattranslatethatdesigndifferenceintodifferentseptictankrequirements.
Insomestates(ConnecticutsinceJanuary1991)septictanksnowconsistoftwocompartmentsinordertodoamoreeffectivejob,andincreasinglyotherjurisdictions(Alaska,Pennsylvania)requirethat
newandupgradedonsitewastewaterdisposalsystemsusetwocompartmentseptictanks.
ImageadaptedfromAlaskaDEC[3]Thedashedlinesillustratetheliquidlevel(red)andthedifferenceinelevation(green)betweentheinletandoutletseptictankpipeconnections.MoreaboutthesemeasurementsisatSEPTICTANKTEESwherewediscussrepairproceduresandbackwardsseptictanks.
Inatwocompartmentseptictankthewallseparatingthetwocompartmentswillhaveanopeningthatallowsliquideffluenttoflowintothesecondcompartment,keepingfloatingscumandsettledsludgeinthefirstcompartment(mostly).Theentiretank,bothcompartments,willneedtobefilledwithwastewaterbeforeanyeffluentwillbegintoflowoutoftheseptictankandintothedrainfieldorsoakawaybed.
Sowhenyouobservedabouttwofeetofwasteintheseptictank,thenleftthesystemunused,you'dexpecttofindexactlythesameamountinthetankweekslater.Onlyaveryslightdropinlevelmightoccur,lessthananinchcausedbyevaporationbecauseyouleftthetankopen(anddangerous).
Watchout:ifyourtankisatwocompartmenttypethesolids,floatingscumandsettledsludgeareaccumulatingattheinletportionofthetank.Inspectingatthefinalseptictankoutletendwillnotdiscoversludgeandscumearlyenoughtopreventsepticsystemdamage.Suchtanksmayhaveacenterinspectionportwhichadmitstankaccessattheoutletofthesludge/scumcontainingcompartment.That'swheretotestintwocompartmentseptictanks.
PleaseseeSEWAGELEVELSinSEPTICTANKSfordetailsabouthowtointerpretabnormallevelsofsewagefoundintheseptictank(toohighortoolow).
SepticmediafiltersystemsalsorequireeithertwoseptictanksoratwocompartmenttankseeFilters
SEPTICTANKDESIGNSPECIFICATIONSexamplecodespecifyingseptictankdesignparameters
SEPTICTANKDESIGNSTRENGTHSPECStherequiredstrengthofconstructionofseptictank&cesspoolcovers,walls,sides,bottoms
COMPUTINGSEPTICTANKCAPACITYHowtoComputeSepticTankSizeandCapacityinGallonsHowdowecomputethevolumeingallonsthataseptictankprovidesbasedonsimplemeasurementswecanmake?
SepticTanksareusuallyabout4.5feetwidex8.0feetlongx6feettall.Tanksaretypicallyburied4inchesto4feetdeepdependingonlocalsiteconditions,shape,slope,andotherfactors.
Hereisthebasicmathforcomputingseptictankcapacity(volume)ingallons.Measurementsareinfeet,takenofinsidedimensionsoftheseptictank.
HowtoCalculatetheSepticTankCapacityinGallons
RoundSepticTanks 3.14xradiussquaredxdepth(allinfeet)=cubiccapacity.Cubic
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capacityx7.5=gallonscapacity.
RectangularSepticTanks LengthxWidthxDepthinfeetx7.5=gallons
RectangularSepticTanks(alternativemethod1)
Lengthxwidthininches/231=gallonsperinchofseptictankdepth.Multiplythisnumberbyseptictankdepthininchestogetgallons
RectangularSepticTanks(alternativemethod2) LengthxWidthxDepthinfeet/.1337=gallons
COMPUTINGEXAMPLEAnExampleofComputingSepticTankSize,CapacityorVolumeinGallons
Onegallonofwaterhasavolumeof.1337cubicfeet.Forarectangularseptictank,multiplydepth(orinside"height")infeettimeswidthtimeslength.Dividethisfigureby.1337toestablishthenumberofgallonsintheseptictank.
Example1:howmanygallonsisheldinaa4ft.deepx5ft.widex8ft.longseptictank?Ifthetankdimensionswere4ft.x5ft.x8ft.=160cubicfeet.Usingtheconversionfactortoconvertcubicfeettogallons,160/.1337=1196orabouta1200gallontank.
Onecubicfootofvolumecancontain7.481gallonsofliquid.Soasecondapproachtocalculatingseptictankactualsizeorcapacityingallonsistomultiplytheseptictankvolumeincubicfeetbythisconstant,whichweroundupto7.5gallons/cubicfoot.
Example2:howmanycubicfeetandhowmanygallonsareheldinaseptictankoftypicaldimensionsof4.5ft.widex8.0ft.longx6ft.high.(4.5x8x6)=216cubicfeet.Sinceonecubicfootcancontain7.481gallons,whichweroundupto7.5gallonspercubicfoot:216x7.5=1620gallonsofseptictankcapacitythisisprobablynominallya"1500gallonseptictank".
Notethatifthedimensionsgivenbyyoursepticcontractoraretheexternaldimensionsofthetankratherthantheinternaldimensionsthenthevolumegivenbythiscalculationwillcomeupwithaseptictanksizeestimatethatishigherthantheactualtankcapacitytheerrorisduetofailuretoallowforthethicknessoftheseptictankwalls.Soforfittingaseptictankintoatightspot,theouterdimensionsoftheseptictankareimportant.Butforaccuratecalculationofthecapacityofaseptictankyouneedtousetheseptictankinternaldimensions.
Thisarticleispartofourseries:Inspecting,Testing,&MaintainingResidentialSepticSystemsseeTheSepticInformationWebsite
AlsoseethebasicsepticsystemdesigninformationlinksatSEPTICSYSTEMDESIGNBASICSChoosingSepticTankSize,AbsorptionSystemSizebasicsepticsystemvolumeandabsorptionsystemdesignguides.
SepticTankDimensionsbyTankSizeWhileseptictanksizesarenormallygiveningallonsorlitersofwastewatercapacity,theactualphysicaldimensionsofaseptictankcanbeimportantforsomeconsiderations.
Forexampleonaveryrockysitewhereexcavationtoburyaseptictankrunsintotroubletheinstallermaydecidetochooseashallowbutlarge"flat"septictank.
Inmylimitedexperiencewithshallowseptictankstheydon'tworksowellandneedtobepumpedmoreoften.Isuspectthatthenetfreeareaintotalvolumemaymeetspecbuteffluentsettlementtimemaystillbetoolittle.
Theseptictankunderthepileofstrawatthetopofthesepticsystemfailurephotoatleftwasjustsuchashallowor"flat"septictank.Hereisatableofsometypicalseptictankdimensionsandotherproperties.
TableofExampleSepticTankOutsideDimensions,Capacity,&OtherData
RectangularConcreteSepticTankSize(GallonsCapacity)
TankLength(Inches)
TankWidth(Inches)
TankDepth(Height)(Inches)
Comments
SEPTICTANKS,CONCRETE
600gallons 78 56 60 Notlegalinmanyjurisdictions
800 96 67 57 Notlegalinmanyjurisdictions
1000heavyduty 96 78 61
1000lowprofile 120 67 57 lowprofileseptictank
1000/600 145in. 68in. 61in. twocompartmenttank
1200 111 78 61
1250/750 162 78 64 twocompartmenttank
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1600 145 78 61
1600/1400 174 90 73 twocompartmenttank
2000 162 78 64
2600 147 90 73
3000 165 92 76
5000 204 96 93
PlasticorFiberglassSepticTankTypicalDimensions
Plastic/FiberglassSepticTankSize(GallonsCapacity)
TankLength(Inches)
TankWidth(Inches)
TankDepth(Height)(Inches)
Comments
SEPTICTANKS,FIBERGLASS/PLASTIC
500spherical 64 64 64 holdingtankorpumpingtank,Norwesco
750linear 96 60 51 soldassingleordualcompartment
900 SnyderIndustries.
1050 126 60 51
1250 161 60 51
1500 191 60 51
SteelSepticTankTypicalDimensions
SteelSepticTankSize(GallonsCapacity)
TankLength(Inches)
TankWidth(Inches)
TankDepth(Height)(Inches)
Comments
SEPTICTANKS,STEEL
500gallonsround 46 46 73
Cylindrical,laidhorizontally.
IntheU.S.olderroundcylindricalseptictankswereplacedendwise,thatiswithaflatenddownandaflatcoverontop.Recangularsteelseptictanksareinstalledinlowprofileformsinproblemsitesinsomejursidictions.
750 58 58 73 "
1000 58 58 96 "
1250 58 58 120 "
1500 58 58 144 "
2000 58 58 192 "
Notes:
Manholerisers:forseptictanksburiedatdepththatpreventsreadyaccesstoandremovalofcleanout&inspectioncoversamanholeriserwithaconcreteorsteelcoverisrecommendedtopermtproperinspection&cleaning.Coversmustbeofsufficientstrength&securitytopreventcollapse&topreventaseptictankfallinhazard.
Concrete&somesteeltanksareusuallyrectangularplastic&fiberglassseptictanksmayberoughlyrectangular,oval,orevenroundspherical.Sphericaltanksareusuallyusedforpumpingstationsnotforprimaryseptictankapplicatins.
Dimensions&propertiestakenfromsurveysofseptictankmanufacturers(concrete&othermaterials).
"EnvironmentalHealthPractitionerManual:AresourcemanualforEnvironmentalHealthPractitionersworkingwithAboriginalandTorresStraitIslanderCommunities",AustraliaDepartmentofHealth,DepartmentofHealthGPOBox9848,CanberraACT2601,Australia,
http://inspectapedia.com/septic/Steel_Septic_Tanks.htmhttp://inspectapedia.com/septic/Plastic_Septic_Tanks.htm -
retreived3/31/14,Originalsource:https://www.health.gov.au/internet/publications/publishing.nsf/Content/ohpenhealthmanualatsicntl~ohpenhealthmanualatsicntlch2~ohpenhealthmanualatsicntlch2.9Norwesco,Inc.,P.O.Box4394365SteinerStreetSt.Bonifacius,MN5537504393283420(CustomerService)Fax8008742371(CustomerService)http://www.NORWESCO.com"SepticTanks",GreerTank&Welding,Inc.,3117107thStreetGreerSteelinLakewoodWashingtonWoodworthIndustrialParkLakewood,Washington98499Tel:8007258108,email:[email protected],retrieved3/31/14,originalsource:http://www.greertank.com/septictanks.html"SepticTankDimensions&Weights",HuffcuttConcrete,Inc.,retrieved3/31/14,source:http://www.huffcutt.com/tankweights.php"SepticTanks,SepticTankSystemsthesuperiortraditionaltwochamberdesign",SewageTreatmentUnit2BoltonHouseFarmYorkNorthYorkshireYO415QXUnitedKingdomTelephone:01759369915Email:[email protected]:http://www.crystaltanks.com,Tel:01759369915,retrieved3/31/14,originalsource:http://www.crystaltanks.com/septic_tank_crystal.htmlIntheU.K.alsosee"CodeofPracticeFlows&Loads4SizingCriteria,TreatmentCapacityforSmallWastewaterTreatmentSystems"&"CodeofPracticeGuidetotheInstallationofSmallWastewaterTreatmentSystems"and"CodeofPracticeGuidetotheDesludgingofSmallWastewaterTreatmentSystems"providedbybritishwater.co.ukathttp://www.britishwater.co.uk/publications/Publications_and_Technical_Guides.aspxSnyderIndustries,Inc.CorporateHeadquarters4700FremontStreet(P.O.Box4583)Lincoln,Nebraska68504Phone:4024675221,Tel(Sales):4024651237,Email:[email protected]
Alsoseeourseptictankexamplesandseptictankpropertiesordataat
SEPTICTANKS,CONCRETE
SEPTICTANKS,FIBERGLASS/PLASTIC
SEPTICTANKSHOMEMADESITEBUILT
SEPTICTANKS,STEEL
ContinuereadingatSEPTICDRAINFIELDSIZEorselectatopicfromtheMoreReadinglinksshownbelow.
OrseeSEPTICTANK,HOWTOFIND
OrseeSEPTICDRAINFIELDLOCATIONforhelpinfindinganexistingsepticsoakawaybed,leachfieldordrainfield
Suggestedcitationforthiswebpage
SEPTICTANKSIZEatInspectApedia.comonlineencyclopediaofbuilding&environmentalinspection,testing,diagnosis,repair,&problempreventionadvice.
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