Separating Mixtures. Most matter naturally exists in the form of mixtures Use can use processes...
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Transcript of Separating Mixtures. Most matter naturally exists in the form of mixtures Use can use processes...
![Page 1: Separating Mixtures. Most matter naturally exists in the form of mixtures Use can use processes based on physical properties to separate both homogenous.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea87/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Separating Mixtures
![Page 2: Separating Mixtures. Most matter naturally exists in the form of mixtures Use can use processes based on physical properties to separate both homogenous.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea87/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Separating Mixtures
• Most matter naturally exists in the form of mixtures
• Use can use processes based on physical properties to separate both homogenous and heterogeneous mixtures.
• We will study some of the many ways to separate mixtures
• Pay attention because at the end you will need to use these techniques in the lab!
![Page 3: Separating Mixtures. Most matter naturally exists in the form of mixtures Use can use processes based on physical properties to separate both homogenous.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697bf721a28abf838c7ea87/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Physical Separation Techniques
1. By eye – you can easily separate the M&Ms, nuts and other snacks in this mixture by eye
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Filtration2. Filtration uses a porous barrier to separate a solid from a liquid.
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Filtration
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Distillation3. Distillation to separate two or more liquids with different boiling points
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Distillation
Commercial still Copper alcohol still
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Crystallization4. Crystallization to separate a dissolved
substance from a solution
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Crystallization
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Magnetic separation5. Magnetic Separation used to separate two solids when one is magnetic
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Sublimation
6. Sublimation is used to separate two solids when one sublimates and the other does not.
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Chromatography7. Chromatography separates based on the ability of each component to travel or be drawn across the surface of another material.
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Centrifuging8. Often used to separate blood, the centrifuge uses the principle that some parts of mixtures are heavier than others.
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Check for Understanding
• What separation technique would you used to separate:
– Two colorless liquids
– A nondissolving solid mixed with a liquid
– Red and blue marbles of the same size and mass
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Now its your turn!
• Separating out the different components in a mixture can often prove quite challenging, yet separation and recovery are extremely important operations both for research and for industry.
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Now its your turn
• Use the information about separation techniques you just learned about and design a procedure to separate a mixture of: sand, salt, poppy seeds, styrofoam balls, and iron filings.
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Now its your turn
• Obtain a sample of the mixture and examine it carefully.
• Place a small, representative portion of the mixture (no more than 20% of what you are given) in the top left corner of a microwell plate.
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Now its your turn!
• Using any materials you want (within reason), develop and implement a procedure that enables you to separate out the mixture and recover all five components, each in as pure and dry a state as possible.
• Helpful Hint: If water is part of your procedure, be careful not to use too much!
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Now its your turn!
• As each component is separated off, place it in a small plastic sack or microplate well.
• Be sure to keep careful notes as you will be writing up the purpose, materials list, procedure, and conclusions for this lab.
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Concluding Questions
• What made you decide to do your procedure steps in the order that you did them? Would any order have worked?
• If you were to do the lab over again, what specifically might you do differently?
• For each of the components, describe a specific physical property that enabled you to separate it from the rest of the mixture.