SENSES PART 2. Tunics of the eye: Fibrous Tunics Sclera Cornea Vascular Tunics Choroid Iris ...
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Transcript of SENSES PART 2. Tunics of the eye: Fibrous Tunics Sclera Cornea Vascular Tunics Choroid Iris ...
SENSES PART 2
Tunics of the eye:Fibrous Tunics
ScleraCornea
Vascular TunicsChoroid IrisCiliary Body
Nervous TunicRetina
ANATOMY OF THE EYE
CONTRACTION OF THE IRIS
Chambers of the eye: Lens: Flexible and Biconcave
Pupil: Hole that lets light pass through
Optic Nerve: Sends images to the brain
Retinal Blood Vessels:
ANATOMY OF THE EYE
Eye Structures:Anterior Chamber:Posterior Chamber: Vitreous:
The Anterior and Posterior Chambers are fi lled with Aqueous Humor
The Vitreous is fi lled with Vitreous Humor
ANATOMY OF THE EYE
Photoreceptors:Rod: Detect Light
(Dark and Light) Cons: Detect Color
1. Red2. Blue 3. Green
PHOTORECEPTORS OF THE RETINA
Eye Functions much like a camera Iris allows light into the eyeCornea and lens focus the image on the retinaRetina projects the image by activating action
potentials that are then sent to the brain.
FUNCTION OF THE EYE
Light Refraction: Is the bending of light the site where two light rays converge is called the focal point (FP) this converging of the focal point is called focusing.
The further the distance the flatter the lens becomes moving the focal point posteriorly and the closer the image the rounder the lens becomes moving the focal point anteriorly.
The image being viewed is projected upside down or inverted.
LIGHT REFRACTION
Each visual fi eld is divided into temporal and nasal halves
After passing through the lens light travels to opposite sides of the retinal
Optic nerve sends message to the Optic Chiasm
In the Optic Chiasm messages from the nasal part of the retina travel to the opposite side of the brain. And messages from the temporal part of the brain do not cross
The Right part of the visual fi eld projects on the left side of the brain and the left side of the visual fi eld projects on the right side of the brain
NEURONAL PATHWAY FOR VISION
External Ear: Auricle External Auditory Canal Tympanic Membrane
Middle Ear: Malleus Incus Stapes Oval Window Eustachian Tube
Inner Ear Cochlea Semicircular Canals Vestibular Nerve Cochlear Nerve
ANATOMY OF THE EAR
Steps to hearing: Sound is heard Sound waves hit Tympanic
Membrane Tympanic membrane hits
Malleus Malleus hits Incus Incus hits Stapes Stapes hits the Oval Window
and makes sound waves Perilymph in the cochlea
vibrate cause endolymph to vibrate
Cochlear nerve and auditory nerve send messages to the brain to the vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)
NEURONAL PATHWAY OF HEARING
NEURONAL PATHWAY OF HEARING
The higher the frequency the faster and more frequent the waves
The lower the frequency the slower and less frequent the waves
HEARING FREQUENCY
DETECTING FREQUENCIES
DECIBEL SCALE