Seminar on 2 Nd December 2009
Transcript of Seminar on 2 Nd December 2009
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OLOGRAPHY
Seminar on 2eminar on 2 ndd December 2009December 2009
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Topics Discussed...1.INTRODUCTION
2.Hologram & Holography
3.History of holography
4.Photography vs Holography
5.HOLOGRAM- Recording & Reading
6.Usages
7.Types of hologram
8.Holographic Memory
9.Holographic Versatile Discs (HVD)
10.Applications
.11
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Hologram & Holography
A hologram is a flat surface that,under proper illumination, appearsto contain a three-dimensional
image.
Holography is the Nobel award-
winning science
The hologram presents a true threedimensional recreation of theoriginal object.
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History of holography
Invented in 1948 by Dennis Gabor for use
,in electron microscopy before the
invention of the laser
( )Leith and Upatnieks 1962 applied laser
light to holography and introduced an-important off axis technique
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Conventional vs. Holographic
photography
:C o n v e n tio n a l
- -2 d version of a 3 d scene Photograph lacks depth perception Film sensitive only to radiant energy ( . . )Phase relation i e interference are lost
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Conventional vs. Holographicphotography
:H o lo g ra m Freezes the intricate wavefront of light that
carries all the visual information of thescene ,To view a hologram the wavefront is
reconstructed
View what we would have seen if present at the
original scene through the window defined bythe hologram Provides depth perception
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HOLOGRAM
Recording:Two laser beams used (Signal and
Reference)
Data encoded on signal beam via SpatialLight Modulator
Second beam interfaces with reference beamthrough the volume of photosensitiverecording medium
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Reading: Reference beam used to diffract off recorded
gratings reconstructing stored array
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Areas of HolographicApplications Security
Entertainment
Packaging (Consumer Goods Brand Protection) Gifts
Tax Stamp
Labels & Tapes
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Areas of HolographicApplications Decoration
Art and Interactive Graphics
Architecture Sports Events
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Medical Applications
Holographic TechniquesX-Ray Holography
Endoscopic HolographyInternal Hologram Recording EndoscopeExternal Hologram recording EndoscopeMultiplexed Holography For Medical TomographyHolography in OphthalmologyDiffractive Bifocal Intraocular LensHolography in Dentistry
Holography in OtologyStudy of Tympanic Membranes
Holography in Orthopedics
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TransmissionTransmission :hologram reference and object wavestraverse the film from the samesameside
ReflectionReflection :hologram reference and object wavestraverse the emulsion from oppositeoppositesides
Hologram Reflection vs. Transmission
View inTransmission
View in
reflection
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3.4 Embossed Holograms
idely used in most security.pplications
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3.5 Integral Hologram
Made from a series of photographs of an object.These are usually transparencies.
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3.6 Rainbow Holograms
Very practical holograms Displaying three-dimensional images
Images are reconstructed by white light.
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Computer GeneratedHolograms
Holograms produced with the help ofcomputer
Used for developing 2D and 3D
holograms.
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Multiplex Hologram
Depicting the holographic storage ofphotographic information.
Produced by combining a large number of
photographs in a holographic manner.
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-Holographic Storage Background
Holographic Imaging discovered in 1947by Hungarian Physicist
Original Theory was to improve electron
microscopes ,Holographic images on toys credit
, , , .cards magazine covers art etc
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OLOGRAPHIC MEMORY ( )to rin g 1 te ra b yte T B d a ta in a- - .u g a r cu b e size d cry sta l ,a ta fro m m o re th a n 1 0 0 0 C D s
o u ld fit o n a h o lo g ra p h ic.e m o ry sy ste m recording multiple images in the
same area utilizing light atdifferent angles
capable of recording and readingmillions of bits in parallel
: /a ta tra n sfe r ra te 1 G B se c
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H olog rap h ic D ata S torag e
uses three-dimensional holographic imagesto enable more information to be stored in
a much smaller space.
holography records and reads over a million
bits of data with a single flash of light.
High storage densities and fast transferrates, combined with durable, reliable, low
cost media
50 hours of high definition video on a singledisk, 50,000 songs on a postage stamp, or500,000 x-rays on a credit card.Holographic storage makes it all possible.
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Storage Trends:
- ,T h e fu tu re is sto ra g e ce n tric sto re dd a ta is th e h e a rt o f a m o d e rn
.netw ork
B y 2 0 1 4 th e av e rag e U S h ou se h oldw illh a ve a b o u t 1 2 Te ra b yte s o f
co n te n t sto re d
,U p to 1 600 Terabytes m ay be
re q u ire d fo r a co m p le te d ig ita lm o vie p ro d u ctio n a t 4 K re so lu tio n
B y 2 0 1 5 p e rso n a lco n te n t w illg re a tly
ex cee d com m e rcia lco n te n t a n d
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Holographic Versatile Discs (HVD)
What is next?
,7 GB GB 30~ 0 GB
http://www.touch-dvd.com/home.htmhttp://www.akdesign.no/goodies/cd_logo_black.jpg -
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Holographic Versatile Discs (HVD)
fe w h u n d re d m o vie s o n a n o p ticald isc? T h a t's th e g o a lo f th e
( )H o lo g ra p h ic V e rsa tile D isc H V D
( )1TB of data onto a single optical
-d isc H a lf o f th e ca p a city w o u ld b ee n o u g h to re co rd six ch a n n e ls of T V
fo r five a n d a h a lf d a ys -non stop
H V D d isc cou ld h o ld a s m u ch d a ta a s2 0 0 sta n d a rd D V D s
Tra n sfe r d a ta a t o v e r 1 g ig a b it p e r
,se co n d o r 4 0 tim e s fa ste r th a n a
http://news.cnet.com/Sonys-home-server-stores-1-terabyte/2100-1041_3-5397103.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Sonys-home-server-stores-1-terabyte/2100-1041_3-5397103.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Sonys-home-server-stores-1-terabyte/2100-1041_3-5397103.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Sonys-home-server-stores-1-terabyte/2100-1041_3-5397103.htmlhttp://news.cnet.com/Sonys-home-server-stores-1-terabyte/2100-1041_3-5397103.html -
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olographic Versatile Discs( )VD
D ata are recorded on to thesu rfa ce a s b it b y b it
/in C D D V D S yste m
1
B itD a ta
SurfaceRecording
Layer
Substrate
nventional Optical Disc
PageData
VolumetricRecordingLayer
Page data are recorded intothe volumetric recording layer
in Holographic recording
HVD
~1m
TM
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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY Optical computers Will use holograms
as "circuit elements". Parallelprocessing is made possible
because when a hologram isaddressed, all the informationcomes out simultaneously
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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY
CommunicationHolography
http://smb//tmp/svjjm.tmp/holo-ppt/video/video.mp4http://smb//tmp/svjjm.tmp/holo-ppt/video/video.mp4 -
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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY
ENTERTAINMENT
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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY Mostly the holographic techniques have
been used for biomedical applications.
X-ray holography
Endoscopic holography
Three dimensional images of biologicalspecimens
Holography is useful for measurementsfor biomedical specimen.
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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY Holograms are made inside live organs
through optical fibers, providing moredetails than any previous alternatetechniques.
Holographic interferometryis used innumerous laboratories for non-destructive testing. It visually
reveals structural faults withoutdamaging the specimen.
Instantaneous growth rate of a live plant
can be directly observed through aholo ram.
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PPLICATIONS OF HOLOGRAPHY Anti-counterfeiting in credit card is
now a common practice.
Holographic microfiche for highdensity information storage is moreattractive then conventional
microfiche.
Holographic scanners are used in
store check-out counters for
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Zebra hologram
A 2-foot-by-3-foot colourZebra hologram containsa staggering 2 terabytes(2 trillion characters) of
data. Zebra's "virtual camera"records a 3-D image file,like a map, from 500,000slightly different
perspectives. Each shot isencoded on a laser,focused through aspherical lens and burnedonto a 1-millimeter
section of plastic called a
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Future Applications of Holographic Technology
holographic televisions Holographic cinematography
Holographic projector
holograms will revolutionize storagecapacities.
Optical or holographic computers
holographic security methods Using holograms in museums and
exhibitions with animated multimediacontent.
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Holographic Mobile
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