Seminar 3Seminar 3Homeland SecurityHomeland Security

CiviliansCivilians

Terrorism v. DisasterTerrorism v. Disaster

Homeland Security Act 2002Homeland Security Act 2002

Seminar 3Seminar 3

Homeland Security Act 2002/DHSHomeland Security Act 2002/DHS Terrorism and DHS- local or federal? Terrorism and DHS- local or federal? HAZMAT v. CBRNEHAZMAT v. CBRNE Federal Involvement in CBRNEFederal Involvement in CBRNE

Homeland Security Act Homeland Security Act 20022002

(a) Establishment. - "There is established a (a) Establishment. - "There is established a Department of Homeland Security, as an executive Department of Homeland Security, as an executive department of the United States within the department of the United States within the meaning of title 5, United States Code.meaning of title 5, United States Code.

(b) Mission(b) Mission (1) In General. - The primary mission of the Department (1) In General. - The primary mission of the Department

is tois to (A) prevent terrorist attacks within the United States;(A) prevent terrorist attacks within the United States; (B) reduce the vulnerability of the United States to(B) reduce the vulnerability of the United States to terrorism; andterrorism; and (C) minimize the damage, and assist in the recovery, (C) minimize the damage, and assist in the recovery,

fromfrom terrorist attacks that do occur within the United terrorist attacks that do occur within the United

States."States."

Organization of the Act Organization of the Act

The Act establishing 7 major functions- The Act establishing 7 major functions- Info analysis and infrastructure protectionInfo analysis and infrastructure protection Procurement, advance science and Procurement, advance science and

technologytechnology Border and transportation securityBorder and transportation security Emergency preparedness and responseEmergency preparedness and response Government coordinationGovernment coordination National Homeland Security CouncilNational Homeland Security Council Information securityInformation security

DHSDHS

Combines 22 existing and separate Combines 22 existing and separate federal agencies, including- federal agencies, including-

INSINS Secret ServiceSecret Service CustomsCustoms FEMAFEMA Border PatrolBorder Patrol

DHS EmploymentDHS Employment

DHS Six-point Agenda DHS Six-point Agenda 20062006

Increase overall preparedness, particularly for Increase overall preparedness, particularly for catastrophic events catastrophic events

Create better transportation security systems to Create better transportation security systems to move people and cargo more securely and move people and cargo more securely and efficiently efficiently

Strengthen border security and interior Strengthen border security and interior enforcement and reform immigration processes; enforcement and reform immigration processes;

Enhance information sharing with our partners Enhance information sharing with our partners Improve DHS financial management, human Improve DHS financial management, human

resource development, procurement and resource development, procurement and information technology information technology

Realign the DHS organization to maximize Realign the DHS organization to maximize mission performance.mission performance.

Homeland Security Presidential Homeland Security Presidential Directives (HSPDs)Directives (HSPDs)

Management of Domestic IncidentsManagement of Domestic IncidentsHSPD-5HSPD-5

HSPD-8HSPD-8

National Incident Management System (NIMS)

National Preparedness

Mandates

NRF Emphasizes NRF Emphasizes PartnershipsPartnerships

Federal Government Last Resort!Federal Government Last Resort!

State Government Provides SupportState Government Provides Support

Local Government First Response!Local Government First Response!

Individuals and Households

Individuals and Households

Private SectorPrivate Sector

Nongovernmental Organizations

Nongovernmental Organizations

www.ready.gov

HAZMAT v. CBRNEHAZMAT v. CBRNE

What considerations are unique to a What considerations are unique to a response to a terrorist attack that response to a terrorist attack that are not involved in a disaster are not involved in a disaster (hurricane, tornado, etc.) response? (hurricane, tornado, etc.) response?

Notification PhaseNotification PhaseBegins with recognition that an Begins with recognition that an incident has or is about to occurincident has or is about to occur

Ends with the initiation of incident Ends with the initiation of incident management proceduresmanagement procedures

911 Center L.A. County Fire Departmentwww.fema.gov

Notification Phase Notification Phase ActionsActions

Ensure responders operate from a safe Ensure responders operate from a safe distancedistance

Ensure all awareness level actions have Ensure all awareness level actions have been properly implementedbeen properly implemented

Gather critical information on incident Gather critical information on incident and communicateand communicate

Ensure safe incident management Ensure safe incident management activities have been implementedactivities have been implemented

Response PhaseResponse PhaseBegins with incident Begins with incident managementmanagement

Ends with removal of the Ends with removal of the last living victims from the last living victims from the hazard areahazard area

Challenges:Challenges: Site securitySite security Victim rescueVictim rescue Agent identificationAgent identification Emergency Emergency

decontamination of peopledecontamination of people Evidence preservation Evidence preservation Multiple devicesMultiple devices

FEMA Urban Search and Rescue Team at World Trade Center

www.fema.gov

Response Phase ActionsResponse Phase ActionsPosition equipmentPosition equipment

Isolate areaIsolate area Hot zoneHot zone Warm zoneWarm zone Cold zoneCold zone

Protect self (PPE)Protect self (PPE)

Segregate casualties/victimsSegregate casualties/victims WalkingWalking Non-ambulatoryNon-ambulatory RescueRescue

HOTHOTWarmWarmColdCold

Response Phase Actions Response Phase Actions (continued)(continued)

First aidFirst aid First aid to decontaminated First aid to decontaminated

victimsvictims

Triage, treatment, transportTriage, treatment, transport

Assist HazMat team with Assist HazMat team with technical decontaminationtechnical decontamination

Defensive controlDefensive control

Multiple devices and Multiple devices and perpetratorsperpetrators

Evidence preservationEvidence preservation

Technical Decontaminationwww. ftmeade.army.mil

Recovery PhaseRecovery PhaseBegins when the scene is stabilized, and Begins when the scene is stabilized, and the last living victim is transported to a the last living victim is transported to a medical facilitymedical facility

Ends with completion of the Ends with completion of the contamination surveycontamination survey

ChallengesChallenges Link up with state and federal authoritiesLink up with state and federal authorities

Evidence collection Evidence collection

Re-establishment of essential servicesRe-establishment of essential services

Decontamination of essential equipmentDecontamination of essential equipment

Restoration PhaseRestoration PhaseBegins with completion of the Begins with completion of the contamination surveycontamination survey

Ends with complete hazard Ends with complete hazard remediation remediation

Emphasis on elimination of Emphasis on elimination of contamination and site restorationcontamination and site restoration

Recovery/Restoration Recovery/Restoration Phase ActionsPhase Actions

Within PPE limitationsWithin PPE limitations

Support/operate the decontamination Support/operate the decontamination requirementsrequirements

Support/operate the equipment Support/operate the equipment decontamination sitedecontamination site

Provide medical supportProvide medical support

Post-incident medical assessment and Post-incident medical assessment and follow-upfollow-up

Continue scene controlContinue scene control

HAZMAT or CBRNE ?HAZMAT or CBRNE ?

HazMatHazMat CBRNECBRNE

Deliberate attackDeliberate attack

Supertoxic materialSupertoxic material

Early hazard identificationEarly hazard identification

Mass casualtiesMass casualties

Many fatalitiesMany fatalities

Mass decontaminationMass decontamination

HazMat Incident Versus HazMat Incident Versus CBRNE IncidentCBRNE Incident

HazMatHazMatCBRNECBRNE

Unusual risk to emergency responders and civilians

Incident scene and evidence preservation

Major interaction/coordination with local, state, and federal agencies

HazMat Incident Versus HazMat Incident Versus CBRNE Incident CBRNE Incident

(continued)(continued)

HazMatHazMat CBRNECBRNE

Scene communication overloadScene communication overload

Mass Chaos and hysteriaMass Chaos and hysteria

Resources immediately overwhelmedResources immediately overwhelmed

Multiple devices designed to killMultiple devices designed to kill

Pre-incident indicatorsPre-incident indicators

HazMat Incident Versus HazMat Incident Versus CBRNE Incident CBRNE Incident

(continued)(continued)

RAINRAINRRecognize the ecognize the hazard/threathazard/threat

AAvoid the hazard/become void the hazard/become contaminated/injuredcontaminated/injured

IIsolate the hazardsolate the hazard

NNotify the appropriate otify the appropriate supportsupport

Firefighters on WTC Scene September 11, 2001

Associated Press

Department of Homeland Department of Homeland SecuritySecurity

Lead agency for Lead agency for coordination of all aspects of coordination of all aspects of federal response during federal response during CBRNE eventCBRNE event

Department of JusticeDepartment of Justice

Preventing and investigation Preventing and investigation terrorist incidentsterrorist incidents DOJ Emblem

www.doj.gov

DHS Emblemwww.dhs.gov

Role of Federal Agencies at CBRNE Incident

Federal Emergency Management Federal Emergency Management AgencyAgency

Promotes effective response by Promotes effective response by federal agencies at the national federal agencies at the national level and at scene of incidentlevel and at scene of incident

Environmental Protection AgencyEnvironmental Protection Agency

Provides technical support to the Provides technical support to the lead federal agency, typically lead federal agency, typically monitoring and assessing chemical, monitoring and assessing chemical, biological, and radiological threatsbiological, and radiological threats

EPA Emblemwww.epa.gov

FEMA Emblemwww.dhs.gov

Role of Federal Agencies at CBRNE Incident (continued)

Department of Health and Department of Health and Human ServicesHuman Services

Assist states in building strong Assist states in building strong network of protection and response network of protection and response capability for persons with health and capability for persons with health and medical problems during emergencies medical problems during emergencies Department of EnergyDepartment of Energy

Department of EnergyDepartment of Energy

Assist in the prediction of atmospheric Assist in the prediction of atmospheric releases of nuclear, chemical, or releases of nuclear, chemical, or biological hazardous material incidentsbiological hazardous material incidents

DOE Emblemwww.doe.gov

HHS Emblemwww.hhs.gov

Role of Federal Agencies at CBRNE Incident (continued)

What do you think? What do you think?

What do you feel is the greatest What do you feel is the greatest utilization of civilians to either utilization of civilians to either combat or respond to terrorism? combat or respond to terrorism?

Do you feel citizens of the United Do you feel citizens of the United States have currently relaxed too States have currently relaxed too much considering the ongoing threat much considering the ongoing threat of terrorism? of terrorism?

Questions? Questions?