SEMESTER 1 2021/2022 MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL …
Transcript of SEMESTER 1 2021/2022 MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL …
SEMESTER 1 2021/2022
MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM(BFC 32602)
Prof. Dr. Ismail Abdul RahmanTs. Dr. Sasitharan Nagapan
Phone number: 013-4033300 (Dr. Sasi) / 01158854519 (Prof. Ismail)
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THE IMPORTANCE OF MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IN BUILDING
Building Function:
• Shelter from Rain, Wind , Snow, Sun and other Harsh conditions of nature.
• Security: Safety
• Comfort: Warmth and light
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THE IMPORTANCE OF MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IN BUILDING
Modern Building System:
Built to create better, more consistent, more productive environments in which to work and to live.
Building System Features: • lighting • comfortable space temperature• humidity• air quality• convenient power and
communication capability• high quality sanitation• reliable systems for the
protection of life and property.
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THE IMPORTANCE OF MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IN BUILDING
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THE IMPORTANCE OF MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IN BUILDING
i. Block-type Buildings Without Windows (such as department stores)
> totally dependent on electrical lighting (light source), ventilation, and space conditioning.
ii. High Rise Building
> High rise building rely on high-speed vertical transportation and high pressure water for drinking and cleaning purposes and for protection against fire.
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Building andLocation
Year StoriesHeight
meters / feetChief
Architect
Burj Khalifa (Burj Dubai, or Dubai Tower),Dubai, UAE 2010 162 828 2,717
Skidmore, Owings & Merrill
Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel,Mecca, Saudi Arabia 2012 120 601 1,971
Dar Al-Handasah
Busan Lotte World IIBusan S. Korea(proposed)
2015? 110 510.55 1,674Skidmore, Owings and Merrill
Taipei 101 TowerTaipei, Taiwan
2004 101 509 1,670C.Y. Lee & Partner
Shanghai World Financial Center, China 2008 101 492 1,614Kohn Pedersen Fox
International Commerce Centre (ICC), Hong Kong, China
2010 118 4841,587.
9Kohn Pedersen Fox
Petronas Towers 1 & 2, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 1998 88 452 1,483 Cesar Pelli
WORLD'S TALLEST BUILDINGS RANKED
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THE SCOPE OF BUILDING M&E
• Consists of various complex systems• Varies according to; living standards of the society, climatic conditions,
occupancy & quality of the building, etc
•Example; House in a mild climate does not need heating or cooling, Bulk storage does not need heating in winter, hospital need a supply of medical gas, Office building need simple cooling device VS high-rise building needs central
cooling systems.
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_fireplace_images/CDV36_gas_fireplace.jpg
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http://incrediblehome.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/radiant-heating.jpg
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BUILDING M&E SYSTEMS CLASSIFICATION
Mechanical Systems
• HVAC; (Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning)
• Site utilities; (Water supply, storm water drainage, sanitary disposal, gas supply)
• Plumbing; (Water distribution, water treatment, sanitary facilities)
• Fire protection; (Water supply, stand pipe, fire and smoke detection, automatic sprinklers, annunciation)
• Special systems
Electrical Systems
• Electrical power; (Normal, standby, emergency power supply and distribution)
• Lighting; (Interior, exterior, emergency lighting)
• Auxiliary or support system; (Telephone, signal, data, audio video, fire alarm, security systems)
Building Operation Systems
• Transportation; (Elevators, escalators, walkways)
• Processing; (Production, food service)
• Automation; (Environmental controls, managements,)
• Special systems
Comfortable Living
Proper Ventilation
Building Transportati
on
Lighting System
Water Supply
Acoustic System
Sanitary System
Safety
Standard of Comfortable Living:
British Standard, ASHRAE Standard, Malaysian Standard
Laws and Enforcement:
Uniform Building By Law (1984),
Local Authorities Guidelines,
Technical Department Guidelines.
Comfortable Living
Developing A Building
CONSULTANTS:
ARCHITECT
CIVIL & STRUCTURAL ENGR.
MECH. & ELEC. ENGR.
QUANTITY SURVEYOR
LAND SURVEYOR
LANDSCAPE ARCHITECT
RELATED TECHNICAL DEPARTMENTS:
LOCAL AUTHORITY
PEJABAT TANAH DAN DAERAH (District & LandOffice)
JABATAN KERJA RAYA (Public Works Department)
JABATAN KESIHATAN (Health Department)
JABATAN BOMBA DAN PENYELAMAT MALAYSIA (The Malaysian Fire and Rescue Department )
SYARIKAT AIR JOHOR (Integrated water supply company)
JABATAN PERKHIDMATAN PEMBENTUNGAN (Sewerage Department)
INDAH WATER CONSORTIUM
TENAGA NASIONAL BERHAD (Electrical Supply Company)
JABATAN PARIT DAN SALIRAN (Department of Irrigation and Drainage)
JABATAN ALAM SEKITAR (Department of Environment)
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IMPACT OF BUILDING M&E SYSTEMS
Space Planning
Architectural Design
Construction Cost
Global Environments
High Rise Building Design
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IMPACT ON SPACE PLANNING
Floor Area Required for M&E System:
• Occupancy
• Climatic Condition
• Living Standards
• Quality
• General Architectural Design
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IMPACT ON SPACE PLANNING
The M&E affects; the gross floor area, footprint (size & shape of ground floor), floor to floor height, geometry, architectural expression
Allocations are made during the space programming phase to allow appropriate size and strategic location
Example; Large office buildings: Central
cooling/heating equipment needs extra floor to floor height (22ft~),
Commercial Building: Complex ductwork, HVAC and plumbing needs ceiling cavity (2~3 ft)
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Raised floor
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Impact on Space Planning
* Buildings other than those used for classrooms follow the space
required for specialty buildings such as laboratories, computer centers
and residences.
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Early building design; one room, one window for ventilation and lighting
Modern buildings develops according to the modernization of building M&E systems (common building geometry figures)
Building Height vs Space utilization; 7 storey (75ft ~) buildings are considered high-rise (determined by the reach of firefighters ladder), limit the ability for human to walk up and down stairs > transportation is needed
Height increases = Less usable space on the floor – more floor for stairs, elevators, structural elements, M/E shafts, etc
Impact on Architectural Design
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Basic Building Shapes
Impact on Architectural Design
a) b) c) d) e) f)
a) Linear Rectangularb) L-Shapedc) U-Shapedd) Interior Courtyarde) H-Shapedf) Composite Form
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Impact on Construction Cost
Building Height on Construction Cost
Taller buildings needs more time, hoisting equipment and complicated scheduling to raise M/E materials to upper floors
Buildings more than 10 stories increases 5-15% of cost for the next 5 stories per floor area, 15~ stories increases 10~15%
M&E Systems Vs. Construction Cost
Depends on; the type of building, standard of living, architectural design, the systems selected
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Impact on Operating Cost Includes; energy consumption,
routine maintenance, repairs, replacements and utilities
Building Structural components (except roof) are usually long lasting
M&E vs initial capital investment
Table 1-2: Range of M&E systems costs of buildings
* Buildings other than those used for classrooms follow the space required for specialty buildings such as laboratories, computer centers and residences.
Impact on Construction Cost
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Impact on High Rise Building Design
Space for M&E Equipment
Centralized
Concentrates major equipment and on one or two floors
with smaller on-floor M&E spaces
DecentralizedRequire bigger on-floor M&E spaces
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BANGUNAN SURUHANJAYA TENAGA (ENERGY COMMISSION’S BUILDING)
GBI RATING PLATINUM
CERTIFICATE NO. GBI-NRNC-0002
CERTIFICATION DATE 21 May 2011
BUILDING CATEGORY Non-Residential New Construction (NRNC)