Self - Diagnostic Medical Devices - Wipo.int

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Self - Diagnostic Medical Devices

Prepared By

Molecular Connections Pvt. Ltd.

Copyright © 2016 by Molecular Connections Pvt ltd. All Rights Reserved

www.molecularconnections.com

http://www.molecularconnections.com/


Table of Contents

1. Background ................................................................................................................ 3

2. Evolution .................................................................................................................... 4

3. Emerging Trends........................................................................................................ 5

4. Objective .................................................................................................................... 7

5. Methodology .............................................................................................................. 7

6. Executive Summary ................................................................................................... 8

7. Key Opinion Leaders .................................................................................................. 9

8. Technology Taxonomy ..............................................................................................10

9. Publication Trend ......................................................................................................11

10. Top Companies & Universities ..................................................................................12

11. Innovation Trend among Top Players ........................................................................13

12. Global Patenting Activity ...........................................................................................14

13. Research Activity around the Globe ..........................................................................15

14. Patenting Activity in Top Jurisdictions .......................................................................16

15. SDMD Types for measuring Biological Parameters ...................................................17

16. SDMD Components ..................................................................................................18

17. Network Types used by SDMD .................................................................................19

18. Technology Focus of Top Players .............................................................................20

19. Patenting Activity - Medical Conditions/Diseases ......................................................21

20. Research Areas of Top Companies ..........................................................................22

21. Top Cited Patents .....................................................................................................23

22. Top Inventor ..............................................................................................................24

23. Search Strategies......................................................................................................25


1. Background

Medical condition monitoring devices that have been traditionally used in hospitals are electrocardiogram, sphygmomanometer and so on. Typically, these types of medical devices require complex electrical wires, tubes, room space and the assistance of a health care professional. Due to increased cost of health care services, frequent visits to doctor, complex medical lab tests, rising trend of chronic diseases, the idea of Self-diagnostic medical devices (SDMD) had been introduced in 1960.

SDMD are the devices used for measuring and monitoring various vital parameters such as blood sugar level, heart rate, hypertension and other conditions. SDMD include blood glucose monitors, temperature monitors, pregnancy test kits, sleep apnea monitors, blood pressure monitors, nebulizers and pedometers. The major factors accentuating the growth of SDMD market include rising prevalence of chronic and lifestyle diseases, technological advancements, increasing preference for remote patient monitoring, increasing healthcare awareness and rising population.1.1 These devices are portable, cost-effective, and enable the patient to stay at home/workplace or any preferred destination across globe allowing them to manage their health independently. The addition of features such as real-time remote communication in SDMD enables the health-care personnel to interpret the results for further diagnosis and treatment. However, the major challenges in the SDMD segment include regulatory approvals, possibility of inaccurate measurement leading to fatal health disorders and also misguiding the treatment therapy.

With technological advancements in nanotechnology and wireless communication systems, advanced miniaturized SDMD capable of automatically dispensing drugs in response to biological irregularities seem possible.

The global SDMD market is estimated to reach approximately USD 16.9 billion in 2019 at a CAGR of 7.0% from 2013. Globally, North America region is predicted to be leading over the period due to increasing prevalence of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, unhealthy diet, sedentary lifestyle, and development of new technologies.1.2

1.1: http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/self-care-medical-devices.html 1.2: http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/self-care-medical-devices-market-expected-to-reach-usd-169-billion-globally-in-2019-transparency-market-research-239009671.html

http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/self-care-medical-devices.html

http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/self-care-medical-devices-market-expected-to-reach-usd-169-billion-globally-in-2019-transparency-market-research-239009671.html



2. Evolution With advancements in technology, the health-care sector has seen a paradigm shift from hospital to self-diagnosis. The metamorphosis is seen from invasive to non-invasive; from non-portable devices to easy to use, portable devices; from large size to miniaturized diagnostic devices using nanotechnology, micro-processors; and from data storage in devices to storage at cloud server. In last five years, the combination of diagnosis method with data-acquisition and remote communication has revolutionized SDMD.

Figure 1 provides a general overview of technological advancements that have taken place for the measurement of blood glucose. Technique for measuring has undergone transition from simple urine sugar screening tests to sophisticated meter and reagent strip systems to monitor blood glucose as depicted in the figure.

Figure1: Blood-Glucose Monitors Evolution


3. Emerging Trends

The following are few examples of present-day technical advancements that may become popular in future market.

Technology Type Representative Image Features

Medical Tricorder3.1

Handheld device that can detect

the complete health status.

Capable of diagnosing 13 medical conditions including anemia, diabetes, hepatitis A, leukocytosis, pneumonia, stroke, tuberculosis, urinary tract infections, etc.

Biosensors 3.2

Developed by U. S Air Force Research Lab

Detects biofluids to physiologically monitor the army men

Contact Lens3.3

Developed by Google and Alcon

Measures the glucose by analyzing tears, mobile devices connected wirelessly to provide the results

Single Breath Disease Diagnostics Breathalyzer3.4

Under-development by Stony

Brook University

Early detection of infectious microbes and even chemical attacks


Technology Type Representative Image Features

Propeller 3.5

Sensor connected to a smart inhaler, where the inhaler reports the latitude and longitude at the time of inhalation

The data is supplemented with information about the weather and air quality

Online maps can then identify

areas asthma patients should avoid

Micro Fluidic Devices made from Paperstrip3.6

The device runs an immunoassay, an antibody-based test that changes the strip’s color based on vitamin concentration

Nanosensors3.7

Computer chips that work at

nanoscale monitor electrical changes in the sensor material

This nanosensors are integrated with smart devices to diagnose various blood diseases and continuously monitor patients

Table 1-Emerging products 3.1: http://memory-alpha.wikia.com/wiki/Medical_tricorder 3.2:http://www.dodlive.mil/index.php/2014/04/the-science-of-sweat-skin-biosensors/ 3.3:http://www.diabetesforecast.org/2015/mar-apr/14-Next-Big-Thing-Diabetes-Care-Products.html?referrer=https://www.google.co.in/ 3.4:http://www.wfs.org/Forecasts_From_The_Futurist_Magazine 3.5:http://laboratory-manager.advanceweb.com/Features/Articles/Self-Diagnosis-Is-On-the-Way.aspx 3.6:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23652632 3.7:http://www.asianscientist.com/2014/03/in-the-lab/futuristic-wearable-medical-device-nanosensors-drug-release-2014/

http://memory-alpha.wikia.com/wiki/Medical_tricorder

http://www.dodlive.mil/index.php/2014/04/the-science-of-sweat-skin-biosensors/

http://www.diabetesforecast.org/2015/mar-apr/14-Next-Big-Thing-Diabetes-Care-Products.html?referrer=https://www.google.co.in/

http://www.wfs.org/Forecasts_From_The_Futurist_Magazine

http://laboratory-manager.advanceweb.com/Features/Articles/Self-Diagnosis-Is-On-the-Way.aspx

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23652632

http://www.asianscientist.com/2014/03/in-the-lab/futuristic-wearable-medical-device-nanosensors-drug-release-2014/


4. Objective This study on SDMD is conducted to identify the patterns and trends of patenting activities based on the key commercial/institutional innovators, their collaborations, the geography of the origin of their innovations (priority countries/offices of first filing), the geographical extent of protection they seek (offices of second filing), the patent activity over time, and patent distribution by category of technology.

Another objective of the report is to shortlist a few innovative and prospective technologies which have the potential to be game changer for business over the next decade. Molecular Connections has conducted a comprehensive study to provide vital insights in this domain.

5. Methodology

A thorough study on the technology domain was performed by web research to gather relevant information. The necessary key terms/equivalent search terms/synonyms were identified from initial patent and scientific literature searches. Additionally, assignee, inventors/author, semantic, citation based searches were performed to ensure comprehensiveness. The searches were carried on various paid and free databases.

The patent screening was restricted to Title-Abstract-Claim and taxonomy was devised to capture relevant information. The shortlisted patents were considered for detailed analysis on the defined taxonomy classification.

This report provides a snapshot of recent research activities. The graphical representation was used to highlight top companies, key-opinion leaders and precognitive technologies.


6. Executive Summary This report provides an overview in SDMD domain through secondary research, primarily on patent disclosure. The search covers worldwide patents published till December 2015.

A thorough keyword based search resulted in 5000+ patents, out of which 4000+ patents (934 Patent Families) were shortlisted as relevant for detailed analysis. Features like types of SDMD, different device components, biological parameters, medical conditions, and information retrieval system were considered for this study.

Companies like Medtronic, Roche, Siemens, Johnson & Johnson, Abbott, Omron healthcare are leaders in the manufacturing of handheld diagnostic devices. Cloud DX6.1, a company launched in 2014 has a product Pulsewave® Health Monitor that monitors heart wave, blood pressure, pulse variability, respiration rate within a short time and displays results instantly. They are currently working on Vitaliti, a product capable of diagnosing 15 medical conditions. Roche has recently launched FDA approved in-vitro diagnostic device, Accu-Check® Advantage, which combines a glucometer with PDA to track and assist patients to manage their blood sugar levels. J&J is popular for its wide range of health products including easy-to-use diagnostic devices like, One Touch and Animas. Other companies like, Nova biomedical, Bewell-connect, Perrigo, Welchallyn, Swiss precision diagnostics, Philips healthcare and Biotronik are also marking their presence by their unique products.

The technological advancement of any industry is also indicated by the amount of research activity happening in Universities. Cornell University collaborated with Erickson lab to develop smartphone based system for measuring the cholesterol and vitamin D levels. Anglia Ruskin University is developing mobile technology-based healthcare solutions like, Intelligent Eye test (iTest) to identify various diseases linked with retinal images, etc. Linkoping University located in Sweden has a Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre researching on minimally-invasive and non-invasive devices that may be wearable and used in both home and clinic. Other universities involved in research to enhance the point of care devices are WYSS Institute, University of Massachusetts, Suzhou Institute of Nano-tech and Nano-bionics (SINANO), University of Virginia, etc.

Maximum research activity is observed in the United States (US), followed by Japan (JP) and Europe (EP). Significant patent filing is also occurring in Asia.

6.1: http://www.clouddx.com/

http://www.clouddx.com/


7. Key Opinion Leaders

Researchers and Scientists have played a vital role in creating products that made world a better place to live. Following are a few key contributors who have done extensive research in the SDMD domain.

Kazunori kataoka7.1, Professor from University of Tokyo, aims to build a precision diagnosis and treatment system for very early diagnosis of intractable diseases like, cancer by creating a nano-bio-device. Paul Yager7.2, Professor at Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, is working on development of a new class of low cost point-of-care diagnostic technology and uses of smart phones for bioassays. FDA has been approving lot of handheld diagnostic devices for reducing the burden of long lab tests. Dr. Jeffrey E. Shuren7.3, Director of Center for Devices and Radiological Health, has been involved in assuring the quality of medical devices and the safety of radiation-emitting and fostering device innovation. Dr. Bertalan Mesko7.4, founder of Webicina, and a renowned biotech thinker foresees that innovative technologies will rule the future of healthcare. AnthonyTurner7.5, Professor at Linkoping University, has published research papers on biosensors and bioelectronics. He envisions the bioinspired nanotechnologies for sensing therapy and arrays, biomimetics and tele-interfaces for digital health. Prof. PerenaGouma7.6, tenured Associate Professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the State University of New York, at Stony Brook. She has worked in nano- and bio-inspired materials and is currently researching in development of artificial olfaction systems (Breath analyzer). 7.1:http://park.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/nanobiof/en/result/pdf/phamplet_e.pdf 7.2:http://depts.washington.edu/bioe/portfolio-items/yager/ 7.3:http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/ucm193990.htm 7.4: http://www.forbes.com/sites/johnnosta/2013/12/09/the-stat-ten-bertalan-mesko-md-phd-the-geek-whos-changing-the-world/#c965f2329e8c 7.5:http://www.ifm.liu.se/applphys/biosensors-and-bioelectro/group-members/anthony-turner/ 7.6:http://www.azonano.com/experts.aspx?iExpertID=117

http://park.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/nanobiof/en/result/pdf/phamplet_e.pdf

http://depts.washington.edu/bioe/portfolio-items/yager/

http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/ucm193990.htm

http://www.forbes.com/sites/johnnosta/2013/12/09/the-stat-ten-bertalan-mesko-md-phd-the-geek-whos-changing-the-world/%23c965f2329e8c

http://www.forbes.com/sites/johnnosta/2013/12/09/the-stat-ten-bertalan-mesko-md-phd-the-geek-whos-changing-the-world/%23c965f2329e8c

http://www.ifm.liu.se/applphys/biosensors-and-bioelectro/group-members/anthony-turner/

http://www.azonano.com/experts.aspx?iExpertID=117


8. Technology Taxonomy

SELF

DIA

GN

OST

IC M

EDIC

AL D

EVIC

E

Figure2: Classification of Self diagnostic medical device technology


9. Publication Trend

Figure 3 depicts the patent publication trend (Publication Year vs. Total Number of Patents) on SDMD since 1986 as there is not much activity prior to it. A marked increase in trend started from 2000 with maximum publication in 2012.

Please note: Few applications filed in 2014-2015 may not be published yet

Figure 3: Patent publication trend

Devices like blood glucose monitors, blood pressure monitors, nebulizers, and heart rate meters will increase the market revenue in the future. The market is expected to further grow due to advanced communication technologies which enable medical professionals to interpret the results instantly in a different location.


10. Top Companies & Universities

Figure 4 represents the major players in this space. Medtronic dominates the domain in terms of technological innovation followed by Johnson & Johnson, Roche, and Abbott Laboratories. There are several alliances taking place in this domain. Medtronic has recently collaborated with IT giant IBM for designing an app for diabetic patients. This app can detect hypoglycemia three hours in advance. Medtronic’s recent acquisitions, Medina Medical, Covidien, RF Surgical Systems and Aptus Endosystems are significantly contributing towards in-home healthcare sector.

Figure 4: Patent distribution among top companies

Figure 5 represents universities with maximum number of filings. University of Virginia has filings around the globe mostly in the field of diabetes. Massachusetts Institute of Technology started filing patents in the domain of SDMD from mid ’90s.

Figure 5: Patent distribution of top universities


11. Innovation Trend among Top Players

Figure 6 depicts research activity of key companies or universities. Since surge in innovation started from mid ’90s with prominent activity between 2002 and 2010, data from ’96 onwards is shown in Figure 6 and Table 2.

Figure 6: Priority year vs. total number of Patents

Table 2-Patent distribution trend of top 15 assignees


12. Global Patenting Activity The global map represents the top 15 patent filing countries. The US leads in filing followed by EP, CN and JP. The following table shows the detail patent count with respective jurisdiction.

Table 3 – Country wise Patent distribution

12.1:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/self-care-medical-devices-market-expected-to-reach-usd-169-billion-globally-in-2019-transparency-market-research-239009671.html

The US dominates the self-care medical devices market having almost 40% of the total market share in 201212.1. Increasing problem of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, unhealthy diet and sedentary lifestyle are some of the primary factors stimulating the US medical devices market.

Figure 7: Patent distribution in top 15 countries




13. Research Activity around the Globe

Figure 8 depicts the top countries where innovation is at the peak. Maximum research activity is seen in the US followed by JP. There are several applications which claim priority from PCT applications.

Figure 8: Priority country Patent distribution


14. Patenting Activity in Top Jurisdictions

Figure 9 represents publication trend across top jurisdictions since 2005 indicating the dominance of the US followed by of EP, CN, JP publications and PCT filings.

Figure 9: Patent publication trend across top countries

2013

2005

2010

2015


15. SDMD Types for measuring Biological Parameters

Figure 10 describes the types of SDMD used to measure different biological parameters.

To offer ease-of-use, lot of innovation is occurring around monitoring blood glucose levels, followed by heart rate and blood pressure through the development of handheld/ portable devices. These devices are also capable of measuring parameters such as prothrombin, sweat, breast milk, vaginal fluids, etc.

Figure 10: Measuring parameters vs. different type of SDMD.


16. SDMD Components

Figure 11 depicts several components and interfaces used for SDMD. Handheld/portable devices are popular worldwide because of their user friendly experiences. Portable medical devices integrated with smart sensors are capable of measuring, monitoring, and analyzing various biological parameters. Biosensors can be implanted or swallowed like a pill.

Figure 11: Different components used in SDMD

By 2020, the wireless portable medical device market is expected to grow to US $17.71 Billion16.1.

16.1: http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/PressReleases/wireless-portable-medical-device.asp

http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/PressReleases/wireless-portable-medical-device.asp


17. Network Types used by SDMD

Figure 12 describes the different types of network systems used by SDMD. Predominantly used network systems include Wi-Fi, WLAN, and Cellular connection. In particular, handheld/portable type medical devices uses Ethernet/LAN/Wired type interfaces for faster communication.

Figure 12: Patent distribution of medical devices network connectivity


18. Technology Focus of Top Players

Figure 13 represents the position of top players in SDMD technology. Medtronic has most filings on implantable medical devices. J&J has filed patents mostly on portable devices. All major players are concentrating on innovating portable medical device associated with wearable/implanted devices.

Figure 13: Patent distribution among top assignees’ technology focus on medical devices

Table 4-Patent count of top assignees’ technology focus on medical devices


19. Patenting Activity - Medical Conditions/Diseases

Figure 14 depicts extensive patenting activity owing to research being conducted in diabetes, hypertension, cancer, etc. Some of the major reasons for growing chronic diseases are lifestyle, rising stress levels, and increasing old - age population.

Figure 14: Patent distribution of medical conditions


20. Research Areas of Top Companies

Table 5: Publication year trend of top assignees across major diseases

Top

Assi

gnee

s

Company Name

Tota

l Pa

tent

s

Trend since 2005

Dia

bete

s

Card

iac/

H

eart

D

isea

se

Resp

irat

ory

Dis

ease

/ Lu

ng D

isea

se

Canc

er/

Tum

or

395

86 127 65 -

361

140 33 5 17

291

135 - 39 33

212

139 1 1 1

155

60 152 58 11


21. Top Cited Patents

Publication Number Assignee/Inventor Application

Date Summary

US6192891B1

Becton Dickinson and Company Apr 26, 1999

The patent relates to a diagnostic and medication delivery system that uses a pen type device to monitor blood parameters.

US20020016568A1

Medtronic Minimed Inc Jan 22, 2001

The patent relates to an ambulatory medical electronic device that can communicate via telemetry for solving emergency problems.

US20040117204A1

Cardiac Pacemakers, Inc. Dec 17, 2002

The patent relates to medical device that automatically communicates to the repository system in case of an emergency situation.

US20060277048A1

Roche Diabetes Care, Inc. Jun 5, 2006

The patent discloses a handheld analysis instrument for analyzing a biological sample to determine the glucose concentration in a body liquid.

US20070231209A1 Cardiocom, LLC Apr 3, 2006 The patent relates to a glucose meter with a strip calibration system.

US20110273287A1 Lalonde John Jul 12, 2007 The patent relates to a portable patient communicator device that can communicate wirelessly for providing an ambulatory service.

US20120232520A1

Abbott Diabetes Care Inc. Mar 9, 2012 The patent discloses a health monitoring device to

determine the blood glucose concentration.

US20080227210A1 Smith Henry Feb 8, 2008 The patent describes a home test system to monitor glucose control in diabetics in healthy individuals through a test kit.

US20120165626A1 Irina Finkelshtein V Jul 1, 2010 The patent discloses a device used to measure the concentration of glucose in sweat.

Table 6: Top cited Patents and their technology focus

https://patents.google.com/patent/US6192891B1/en

https://patents.google.com/patent/US20020016568A1/en









22. Top Inventor

Inventor Assignee Area of Expertise

Brister Mark Dexcom Blood Glucose Measuring Systems

Forsell Peter Potencia Medical Heart Pace-makers

Maier Hans-Otto B.Braun Blood Analytes Measuring device

Ben-Haim Shlomo Johnson & Johnson Medical Electrophysiology systems

Paetzold Matthias B.Braun Blood Analytes Measuring device

Schmoll Horst B.Braun Blood Analytes Measuring device

Bartlett Terry Alere Portable Medical devices

Shahmirian Varaz Medtronic Portable Medical devices

Dicks Kent Alere Portable medical devices Source: Questel Orbit, TotalPatents

Table 7: Top inventors and their area of expertise


23. Search Strategies

• Relevant Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC)

Classification Name Definition

A Human Necessities A61 Medical or Veterinary Science; Hygiene A61B Diagnosis; Surgery; Identification

A61B 05/00 Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons; medical informatics

A61B 10/00 Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements

A61N Electrotherapy; Magneto therapy; Radiation Therapy; Ultrasound Therapy A61N1/00 Electrotherapy; Circuits therefore G Physics G01 Measuring; Testing

G01N Measuring Linear Or Angular Speed, Acceleration, Deceleration, Or Shock; Indicating Presence, Absence, Or Direction, Of Movement

G01N33/00 Investigating or analyzing materials by specific methods not covered by the preceding groups

G06 Computing; Calculating; Counting G06F Electrical Digital Data Processing

G06F 19/00 Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific applications

• Keywords

Self-Care, Self-Diagnostic, Home Care, Remote Healthcare, In-Home Medical Device, Point Of Care Diagnosing, Analyzing, Treating, Examining, Testing, Monitoring Healthcare, Health Condition, Health Status, Health Update, Disease, Illness, Sickness Sensor, Detector, Transducer, User Interface, Strip, Chip, Alarm, Audio Handheld, Portable, Transportable, Movable, Mobile, Transferable, Easily Carried, Easy To Carry, Conveyable, Compact, Handy, Convenient, Remote Control Wearable, Attachable, Connectable, Fasten, Fix, Join, Affix, Coupling, Non-Invasive Implant, Insert, Embed, Incorporate, Pill, Swallow-Able, Capsule, Invasive, Nano-Robots Mobile Phone, Cellular Phone, Smart Phone, Digital Display Device, PDA, Gadgets Network, Web, Wireless, Wi-Fi, WLAN, Cellular, Bluetooth, Zigbee, Ethernet, LAN, Wired Heart, Blood, Skin, Eye, Urine, Stool, Muscle, Bone, Nerves, Saliva, Brain, Teeth, Temperature Diabetes, Cardiac, Respiratory, Pregnancy, Cancer, etc.


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http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/article/self-care-medical-devices.htm

http://www.reportlinker.com/p03512043-summary/Disposable-Medical-Device-Sensors-Market-by-Product-Monitoring-Diagnostics-Therapeutics-Global-Forecast-to.html

http://www.reportlinker.com/p03512043-summary/Disposable-Medical-Device-Sensors-Market-by-Product-Monitoring-Diagnostics-Therapeutics-Global-Forecast-to.html

http://www.advancedmp.com/future-of-iots-in-medical-devices/

http://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/pressrelease/self-care-medical-devices-market.htm

http://www.medtronic.com/content/dam/Medtronic/US/AboutUs/further-together/value-based-healthcare-further-together-perspective.pdf

http://www.medtronic.com/content/dam/Medtronic/US/AboutUs/further-together/value-based-healthcare-further-together-perspective.pdf

http://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/diabetes-care-375.html

http://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/in-vitro-diagnostics-ivd-market

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/11/17/implantable-medical-devices-to-2015-industry-market-research-market-share-market-size-sales-demand-forecast-market-leaders-company-profiles-industry-trends/

http://pharmaceuticalintelligence.com/2014/11/17/implantable-medical-devices-to-2015-industry-market-research-market-share-market-size-sales-demand-forecast-market-leaders-company-profiles-industry-trends/

https://www.healthstatus.com/health_blog/wellness/self-tracking-health/

http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/global-home-healthcare-market-is-expected-to-reach-usd-3059-billion-by-2018-transparency-market-research-174158361.html

http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/global-home-healthcare-market-is-expected-to-reach-usd-3059-billion-by-2018-transparency-market-research-174158361.html

http://industry.gov.au/industry/IndustrySectors/PharmaceuticalsandHealthTechnologies/Documents/AustralianMedicalDevicesPatentAnalyticsReport2014.pdf

http://industry.gov.au/industry/IndustrySectors/PharmaceuticalsandHealthTechnologies/Documents/AustralianMedicalDevicesPatentAnalyticsReport2014.pdf

http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/diagnostics/the-race-to-build-a-reallife-version-of-the-star-trek-tricorder

http://www.dodlive.mil/index.php/2014/04/the-science-of-sweat-skin-biosensors/

http://www.diabetesforecast.org/2015/mar-apr/14-Next-Big-Thing-Diabetes-Care-Products.html?referrer=https://www.google.co.in/

http://www.wfs.org/Forecasts_From_The_Futurist_Magazine

http://laboratory-manager.advanceweb.com/Features/Articles/Self-Diagnosis-Is-On-the-Way.aspx

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/next/tech/affordable-diagnostics/

http://www.asianscientist.com/2014/03/in-the-lab/futuristic-wearable-medical-device-nanosensors-drug-release-2014/

http://www.concordmonitor.com/news/nation/world/20420233-95/medtronic-ibm-team-up-on-diabetes-app

http://www.roche.com/about/business.htm

http://www.healthcare.siemens.com/accessories-oem-equipment/medical-electronic-solutions

http://www.jnj.com/healthcare-products

http://www.abbott.com/

https://omronhealthcare.com/

https://www.wearable-technologies.com/2015/06/one-single-device-to-diagnose-a-set-of-15-medical-conditions/

http://www.ericksonlab.org/

http://www.anglia.ac.uk/anglia-ruskin-it-research-institute/our-research/mi-diagnosis-mobile-enabled-intelligent-diagnosis-and-learning

http://www.ifm.liu.se/applphys/biosensors-and-bioelectro/

http://park.itc.u-tokyo.ac.jp/nanobiof/en/result/pdf/phamplet_e.pdf

http://depts.washington.edu/bioe/portfolio-items/yager/

http://www.fda.gov/AboutFDA/CentersOffices/ucm193990.htm

http://www.ifm.liu.se/applphys/biosensors-and-bioelectro/group-members/anthony-turner/

http://www.azonano.com/experts.aspx?iExpertID=117

http://www.uwo.ca/

http://www.virginia.edu/

http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/disposable-medical-device-sensors-market-by-product---monitoring---diagnostics---therapeutics-----global-forecast-to-2020-300198898.html

http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/disposable-medical-device-sensors-market-by-product---monitoring---diagnostics---therapeutics-----global-forecast-to-2020-300198898.html

http://www.freeimages.com/photo/blood-glucose-meter-1318261

http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.468.2196&rep=rep1&type=pdf


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Self - Diagnostic Medical Devices - Wipo.int

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