SELECTED RECORDS OF THE DEPARTMENTAL ARCHIVES OF … · SELECTED RECORDS OF THE DEPARTMENTAL...

1

SELECTED RECORDS OF THE DEPARTMENTAL ARCHIVES OF THE LOIRET, 1939‒1945

RG‐43.029M

United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place SW Washington, DC 20024‐2126

Tel. (202) 479‐9717 Email: [email protected]

Title: Selected Records of the Departmental Archives of the Loiret, 1939‐1960 Record Group Number: RG‐43.029M Accession Number: 2001.85

Extent: 100 microfilm reels (35 mm); 46, 000 digital images (JPEG) Provenance: From the Archives Départementales du Loiret in Orléans, France. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives received the filmed collection via the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum International Program Division from June 2001 to June 2003. Restrictions on Access: No restrictions on access. Restrictions on Use: Restrictions on use apply. Permission must be obtained to reproduce the microfilms for third parties. Organization and Arrangement: Arrangement is thematic. Language: French. Preferred citation: Standard citation for U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives. Scope and Content: Local administrative records concerning the two internment camps for foreigners in the Loiret, near Orleans: Pithiviers and Beaune‐la‐Rolande. From May 1941 on, these camps were reserved for Jews. Records of the regional headquarters of Loiret: health, administrative, internments, regulations, and orders. Records of the regional health department of Loiret. Records of headquarters 10, concerning Spanish refugees. Records of the Pithiviers internment camp. Records of the Montargis Sub headquarters. Records of the Pithiviers Sub headquarters.

http://collections.ushmm.org Contact [email protected] for further information about this collection

http://collections.ushmm.org

2

CONTAINER LIST

Note: Inventory only for 11 microfilm reels. Consult finding aid: B. Verny. Inventaire analytique de 202 cotes des archives concernant les camps d’internement du Loiret. Paris: 1996 ‐ 1997. Reel 1: COTE 6403 : Health Divided in Sub‐groups: National Institute of Hygiene, school dental hygiene, feeding, epidemics, tuberculosis, alcoholism, medical checks of schools, legislative texts organizing services of the State Secretary for Families and Health, personnel, associations of physicians, regional council of pharmacists, programs for sanitary equipments, and sanitary inspection of interment camps. After verification, our only concern here is the thirteenth subgroup, “Sanitary inspection of the internment camps”

Decree for local departments ( authorities [prefect} ) of 9 March 1942, 1 page, giving the DSRA, Dr Le Bourdelles, the sanitary inspection of the camps ( with a draft, double, and statements communicating to the interested party and to the department heads; the prior evening the prefect had asked the DSRA the results of its inspection:?

from the DSRA to the regional prefect, the 25 April 1942, 2 pages, report of the visit to the camps of Voves and Lamotte‐ Beuvron ;

from the DSRA to the prefect of Loir‐et‐Cher, April 25 1942, report of the inspection of the camp of Lamotte‐ Beuvron, 2 pages;

from the DSRA to the commander of the Lamotte‐Beuvron camp, April 27 1942, 2 pages of prescriptions;

from the DSRA to the physician‐head of the Pithiviers camp, April 27 1942 2 pages of prescriptions;

from the DRSA to the regional prefect, June 10, 1942, 1 page + 1, notifying the passage of the screening for tuberculosis in the camps; June 16, the regional prefect notifies the departmental prefects, that it is their duty to notify the camps commanders;

from the DRSA to the regional prefect, August 5 1942, 3 pages, report of visits to the camps of Beaune and Pithiviers, 3 pages;

from DRSA to the chief physician of the Beaune camp,August 5 1942, 2 pages of prescriptions;

for doctor RSA to the chief physician of the Pithiviers camp, August 5 1942, 2 pages of prescriptions;

from the Main Police Office, to the regional prefect, November 13 1942, authorizing the social worker of the National Library to go to the Pithiviers camp; 27 and 31 May 1943, transfer of the sanitary inspection of camps to the regional police physician; request by the DRSA, decree from the prefect, put in action;

from the Chief of the Police to the regional prefect, August 14 1943, 1 page, report of the inspections of the Pithiviers and Jargeau camps by the Director of the health service of the Police, with the regional physician.

Reel 2: COTE 47825: Administrative confinements, regulations, instructions. Thick bundle (more than 11 cm), divided in13 Sub‐bundles.



3

1) Sub‐bundle: “Regional School of Administration” It is Subdivided in 3 files: A/ “Organization of the regional school of administration;” was created by the regional prefect, various reports and notes about its functioning, articles from the press, notes to the press; interior discipline, schedules, bibliography; printings of several courses;

B/ “District Agents”: Legislation, notes and newspaper cuttings; competitions, decrees of nomination (January 1942); correspondence on this matter; district cells (search of the needed offices for the installation of district agents); C/ “City Hall secretaries‐vacancies‐ requests”; 2) Sub‐bundle: “Jewish Repression” A/ an orange file titled “Jews‐ legislation, codifying, instructions” Including the following texts: ‐an item from VOBIF (publication of MBF, Militarbefehlshaber in Frankreich, kind of an official journal of occupied forces) # 53, February 11, 1942, reprinting its 6th. Order from February 7, 1942 “relative to measures against Jews,” 1 page; ‐“application mode of the German order”‐ 6th.from 7‐2‐42 in regard to measures against Jews,1 page; ‐item dated Vichy April 18, 1942,# 307 Pol 4/ circular, sent to the prefects by the General Secretary for the Police J. Rivalland about the “ Declaration of the change of Jews residences,” 4 pages, plus 3 examples of documents; ‐Law # 979, November 9, 1942 regarding to the stay and circulation of foreign Jews, 1 page; ‐ Law #, December 11, 1942 regarding the addition of the mention “Jew” on identity cards given to French and foreign Israelites, 1 page; ‐handwritten note without date of 3 pages, and its typed form of 3 pages, dated in pencil “end August 1943”; text not signed; it is a pragmatic reflection over the texts French or German that allows them the Jews, French or foreign; note: “to intern a foreign Jew, there is no more need to determine if any infraction was done regarding rules”; but for the French it is necessary to find an infraction; A handwritten note on a small page, showing two different handwritings which testify to the questions and perplexities of civil servants confronting the modalities of anti‐Semitic persecution: does the prefect have the right to intern a French Jew? Can the Police do it? What are the texts? These questions may be at the origin of a note of 3 pages that precede (which is from another handwriting); coincidence of date or Subject; ‐ extract of a press article announcing the summons to the police department of Paris of certain Algerian Jews who remained French citizens in spite of the annulment of the decree Cremieux (article August 30, 1943); B/ collection of articles of anti‐Semitic press from the collaborationist press: Aujourd’hui, Le Cri du Peuple, Je suis Partout, Les Nouveaux Temps, L’Oeuvre, Revolution Nationale (extract of May 10, 1942, attacking the commander of the Beaume‐de‐la –Rolande camp), Le Petit Parisien (in particular from May 26, 1942 : “The cook of the Pithiviers camp trafficking with the interned”); from the local press in particular an item from La depeche du Centre indicating the conviction for diverting produce destined for the interned, or for traffic of mail, in February 9, 1942; from Parizer Zeitung. These articles are from 1942 and loosely combine diverse Subjects, announcing administrative measures, calls to hate, personal denunciations and theoretical lucubration.



4

3) Sub‐bundle; “Regional Committee of prices, reports (1941‐1942)” ‐Collection of various reports presented to this committee, to make documentation on: vineyards and wines, preserved eggs, labeled alcohols, and fruits with pits, wood for heating and the cultivation of Jerusalem artichokes in the Orleans region. 4) Sub‐bundle: “Industries” ‐ three notes of a few pages describing Cher industries: china, distillery of Germany, construction of agricultural machinery in Vierzon. 5) Sub‐bundle: “Commerce “ ‐graph summarizing exchanges between occupied and non‐occupied zones in the Cher Department, August 1942. 6) Sub‐bundle: “Administrative Internments” ‐ list of laws, decrees, orders regarding administrative internments, 2 pages, ‐ list of “tickets regarding administrative internments,” 2 pages, both lists go up to October 1943; ‐“analytic summary of French and German texts permitting internments” it addresses “dangerous individuals” and “undesirable foreigners,” but mainly Jews; 4 pages, not dated or signed; ‐ Attached to the prior one, “analytic summary of texts allowing the Prefects to take certain precautionary measures,” 2 pages not dated or signed; it considers the same categories, plus dealers of the black market; the last texts in those two documents are from December 1942; ‐“list of texts regarding internments,” 7 pages not dated or signed; latest note from October 1943; ‐ text of the “ Law of October 15, 1941 giving to the Interior Secretary and to the Prefects the policy for dangerous individuals” re. The national defense and the public security,” 1 page; ‐“Regulation for the centers of supervised stays for undesirable Frenchmen,” 6 pages, dated December 29, 1940, “done at Vichy by the General Director of the National Security”; ‐Circular # 51 – Pol .2, of the General Secretary for the Police, J. Rivalland, Vichy, November3 1941, establishing the possibility of reclassification of the personnel of internment camps in the police, after one year of service, 1 page; ‐Circular # 54 – Pol. 2 Circ., of the same, December 13, 1941, specifying how to use the preceding document, 2 pages; ‐ Circular # 54 – Pol.9 Circ., of the same, December 22, 1941: “refinement over texts allowing for the internment of undesirables” 6 pages, plus a model of a bulletin for search of escapees; ‐ Circular # 127 / Pol.Cab., of the same, March 31, 1942, “Attributions of the Prefects and Stewards of Police in regard to internment camps and centers of supervised stays,” 3 pages, plus a list of “internment camps and supervised centers under the French direction on January 31, 1942”; ‐ Circular not referenced of the same, dated March 18, 1942, on the “Passage of the Personnel of the Camps to the Regional Police,” 2 pages; ‐ Circular without number of the General Directory of the National Police, Paris, March 26, 1942, 1 page, objective : “particular supervision of internment camps,” because “communist organizations have not abandoned their forceful action projects against internment centers,” which would be “combined with mutiny or uprising”; ‐ Circular # 292 Pol.2, General Secretary for the Police, Rene Bousquet, from Vichy, April 29, 1942, having as its objective “work of the interned,” 1 page; “it is important not to endow interns with positions of significant responsibility”; ‐ Circular P.N. II ‐ #169, from the Delegated Prefect, in the occupied territories, of the



5

Minister, Interior Secretary, J.P. Ingrand, to the General Directory of the National Police, in Paris, 1 page, plus 2 pages of models, with the objective of “ Periodic Reports of Camp Chiefs,” establishing models and periods; ‐ Circular P.N. II‐ # 179, July2 1942, 1 page, of the same, aim: “the internment camps’ situation in the occupied zone,” requesting without delay a return to the starting point”; inventory, circulation of texts, and the sending of reports; ‐ Circular # 511 Pol. 4, Vichy, September 1, 1942, 1 page from the General Director Adjunct to the Police, M. Cado, aim: “Administrative internment for black market,” reminder to keep him updated; ‐ Circular # 196 from General Secretary for the Administration of the Interior Ministry, Vichy, October 7, 1942, 3 pages of “ Instructions about possible allocations to civilian families deprived of their support because of internment or death, due to the state of war and/or the occupation”: follows “a list, not limiting, of multilateral solutions drawn up by interested administrations”; it refers to the families of hostages who are either detained or killed, families of “civilians detained or killed because of infractions to the regulations of the occupation authorities “ – except cases of unpardonable mistakes, or common crimes, families of “civilians killed by an act of war” – but not the wounded, families of “civilians of prisoners of war,” these cases may have rights for “military allocations given by decree #1138 of April 1942”; For cases of “indigent families of administrative interns”‐ “ being French or foreigner,” and “extended “ to needy families of foreign or stateless civilians interned or executed by occupational forces” – to the exclusion of common rights, are foreseen in “allocations for indigent families,” by decree # 1067 April 9, 1942. ‐ Circular # 1.692 CDR‐I from the director of distribution and consumption from the State Secretary of Agriculture, Paris October, 8 1942, 5 pages about “re‐supplying supervised holding centers” ‐ there is a “need to fix uniform regulations”; ‐ Circular of the General Management of the National Police, P.N.‐# 214, Paris‐ November 13, 1942, 1 page : the interned must have their own sheets, covers, individual cutlery, and food tickets and for textiles; ‐ Circular of the General Management of the National Police, # 177‐ Pol.5., Vichy, April 22 1943, 1 page, signed Rene Bousquet, General Secretary to the Police: “Escort of convoys of administrative internees,” it is a reinforcement of the security rules; ‐ Circular # 1940 – SG from the Chief of Government, Pierre Laval, Vichy May 3 1943, on the same Subject, 2 pages addressed to the Minister of Justice and to the Prefects; ‐ Circular # 240 Pol. 3, of the General Management of the National Police, Vichy, June 1 1943, one page: pay close attention that candidates of camp jobs do not seek to avoid STO; ‐Circular #283 Pol 8, of General Secretary to Police, R. Bousquet, 1 page, Vichy June 29, 1943: the prefects May propose the destination to STO in Germany of the non‐dangerous prisoners; ‐Circular # 307/Pol 8, of the General Secretary to Police, Rene Bousquet, Vichy, July 2, 1943, 3 pages: “Rules for administrative internments”, precise details for the administrative procedures; ‐Circular # 1275 – M/DG from the General Commissary’s Office to the Obligatory Service (from work, STO), Paris, July 13, 1943, 1 page: on prisoners’ work; ‐Circular of the DGPN, Vichy August 10, 1943, 1 page signed by the Assistant General Director, Cado: work tools that facilitate escape of prisoners, mistrust and control; ‐Circular # 44 B Pol. Cab of the DGPN, Vichy October 20 1943, 4 pages +1 appendix:” attributes and responsibilities of prefects and stewards of police concerning internment camps and lodging centers dependant from the Ministry of the Interior; 7) Sub‐bundle: “Air raids” It is divided into 4 folders.



6

A/ folder: “Passive Defense:” reports on air raids over the City of Orleans in 1944: May 11 ( 46 dead), May 20 (103 dead, 1000 buildings destroyed), May 23 ( 178 dead, 3000 buildings destroyed), June8 ( 10 dead), June 11, July 5 ( 2 dead), July 19 ( 20 dead) and July 20 1944. B/ folder: “air raids 1942‐1944” ‐ more than 30 reports of air raids or machine gun firings, sent by the police services, with an evaluation of damages and losses, through the area, but specifically in Chartres and Orleans; ‐ status of the victims of air raids of June 1944 in Chartres ( 23 dead), of Beaugency June 14,1944 ( 51 dead ), of Orleans June 8 ,May 20 and 23 ( two small folders), of Gien July 29 and 30 1942 ( small folder). C/ folder : “General Commissary for the Youth, Delegation from the Loiret” : 7 pieces from July 1944 describing the participation of the National Teams to the help needed after the air raid, with an illustrated section D/ folder “ military‐firemen” : 5 reports, one page each, on the activities of the military‐firemen in Orleans, during the air raids in May‐June 1944,‐some newspapers reports on these air raids, Map of the City of Orleans to the 1/12,500, showing the impact of the bombs, May 20 and 23 1944. 8) Sub‐bundle : “Prisoners” ‐Communications to families, categorical measures for the return to the homeland of the French PG: enter: the Veterans of 14‐18, the supporters of large families, medical students; ‐ Condition, dated April 1942 of the returning PG of the four departments of the area; ‐creation of a “prisoner booklet” by the Savings Bureau (February 1944) ‐two brief notes over keeping the allocations for the prisoners families ; ‐various news’ articles and documents: sending parcels, life of the PG and work in Germany. 9) Sub‐bundle: “ Demobilized Militaries” ‐small package of reference texts: law # 33 January 19 1943 “regarding the armistice leaves given to the armies of land, sea and air, following the elimination of the French military forces” with instructions, modifications, circulars and work card to enforce it; law # 132 March 17, 1943: same objective as the preceding one which applies only to officers and non‐commissioned officers, it addresses now men of rank. 10) Sub‐bundle: “ Regional Library “ catalog and rules 11) Sub‐bundle: “Martial Courts” ‐two documents: ‐law# 38 January 20 1944, establishing martial courts, 8 articles on one page, ‐law # 78 February 11 1944, re, procedures for martial courts. 12) Sub‐bundle : “Detention – Imprisonment”: ‐‐a circular from1916 where the judiciary administration determined the rules for guarding hospitalized detainees (2 pages); ‐a summary of 5 pages of a decree from 1923 indicating the regulations for managing prisons; ‐a circular D 59 – Ob. Gr of the penitentiary Administration, Paris, November 18, 1943, to the prefects describing “the establishment of security rooms” in hospitals (2 pages). 13) Sub‐bundle: “Use of the Loiret “: coding and preparatory works from 1053 to 1960, two notebooks of 64 and 106 pages. Reel 3: RIB 34177: War Hygiene‐sanitary Status of Internment Camps



7

It is a rib addressing the problems of health and hygiene. It is Subdivided in 8 Sub‐bundles: 1/ War Hygiene‐ internment Camps and Prisons 2/ Pithiviers camp 3/ Jargeau camp 4/ Beaune‐la‐Rolande camp 5/ Lamotte‐Beuvron camp 6 / Beaune and Pithiviers‐ epidemic of July 1942 7/ Sologne kommandos 8/ Voves camp DRSA: Regional Director of Health and Care IGSA: General Inspector of Health and Care MIS: Physician Inspector of Health (one for each Department) 1) Sub‐bundle: “War Hygiene –internment Camps and Prisons” It contains files, some practically empty and others very slim. A / file “Cher,” the prefecture of Bourges stating that the Department of Gher does not have a camp. B / file “Russians‐ camp of St Amand‐ la Lumiere” description of the camp in January 1945 by the DRSA in 3 pages and 4 pieces, about an epidemic of scarlet fever in April 1945 C/ file “Prisons”:

- circular of June 25, 1939, from the administrative penal center organizing the anti‐venereal fight in prisons.

- Circular from the same center, dated October 2, 1943, organizing the welcoming of charitable institutions in prisons ( refers to the Red Cross );

- Memorandum of an “ sanitary inquest at the Blois correction house” by the MIS from Loir‐et‐ Cher, 3 pages from October 26,1943;th D/ file “After Liberation”

- two small groups regarding the prophylaxis of epidemics in internment camps, December 1945‐ January 1946,

- a group of documents regarding the state of prison locations in 1945‐1946 and the measures that were thought out and recommended by the DRSA, the MIS and the prefecture, More Substantial: E/ file “Internment Camps”:

- letters from the IGSA with the census of the camps in December 1941; - among the answers of the MIS, those of Loir‐et‐ Cher: none since the closure in June 1941 of

LaMotte‐ Beuvron; - notification by the DRSA of the visit by the IGSA to the camps of Sologne on June 5 1942 , the

camps commander is notified since May 7; - circulation of a medical file (half a page) of an interned person, requesting liberation ( June

1943 ); ‐ exchange of correspondence on March 8 and 17 1942: the chief ‐ physician of

Jargeau camp asks the DRSA up to what age the skin reaction must be done, the answer: 18 years; - two reports on the sanitary status of the prisons of Blois de Vendome in February 1945; - dated March 13 1945, two reports of visits to the camps of Pithiviers and Jargeau ( 2 pages each

) and of the Orleans prison ( 1 page) by the social service of the prefecture and the Red Cross; - letter of the DRSA to the Director of medical activities of the Red Cross, Orleans, March 4, 1942,



8

1 page, he proposes a general visit of the camps of Jargeau, Beaume and Pithiviers : “the sanitary state of these camps at this time, leaves much to be desired”; F/ a small file (May‐June 1942) on the organizing of a tour to do X‐rays to track down TB, organized by the Red Cross, they need an estimate of what is available in the camps, permits to enter and gasoline; a table dated June 30 gives the results: Pithiviers 87 suspects /1333 examined; Beaume 57/ 1126; Jargeau 34/628; LaMotte – Beuvron 1/ 112; Voves 66/767; a total of 254/ 3966. ‐ on the same system to track down TB, results in a half page of X‐rays from the prison of Blois (study of October 1943, letter of February 8 1944 from the MIS);

- a circular PN II # (?) May 23, 1942, organizing the fight against lice in the camps, (2 pages) G/ File‐ “Hygiene‐War events” Circulars from prefectures and ministries about advices of hygiene to be given to refugees (May 31, 1944); measures of public hygiene in places of reception for refugees (May 31, 1944), purification of drinking waters (June 14 1944), on burials without coffins (June 22 1944), “difficulties of present time” (October 6 1944); ‐isolated and varied: entrances permits to prisons; notifications of inspections; a correspondence (September 1943‐ April 1944) on the delivery of linens to the camps by the Red Cross (15 letters between the RC and the administrations). 2) Sub‐bundle : “ Pithiviers camp”

- From MIS to the prefect ( November 24,1941) report of a visit November17, 4 pages; - From DRSA to the chief‐physician of the camp, March 11, 1942: must take measures to delouse;

from the chief‐physician to DRSA, March 19, 1942, 2 pages: measures taken. - From chief‐ physician to DRSA, April 27, 1942, signals a case of measles, from DRSA to chief‐

physician the same day; measures to be taken; May 2 from chief‐ physician: measures taken. - May 2 (?) 1942 chief doctor to Prefect: asks for bed linens; - Report on the Pithiviers internment camp by Dr. Anjalen ( IGSA, July 10, 1942, 6 pages+ 4 extra

pages a service note describing the camp health service, 3 pages; - DRSA to chief‐doctor, August 5, 1942, after a visit to the camp, recommendations and

instructions (2 pages), an addition: the daily sanitary report of the camp (August 3, 1942); - DRSA to chief‐ doctor, 1 page August 21 1942: departure of the children for Drancy, notes the

sick ones, the convalescents and those vaccinated against diphtheria; - DRSA to chief‐ doctor ( August 29, 1942 ) 2 pages of recommendations and instructions; - The Director of the Pithiviers hospital to the DRSA: the infectious disease ward is occupied by

internees, sending a child with diphtheria to the Orleans hospital; - DRSA to chief‐ doctor, September 19, 1 page: must end smallpox vaccination quickly and

continue with D and T (diphtheria and tetanus); - Pithiviers camp, November 27, 1942 ask for dressings and medications 3 pages; - December 1, 1942 answer from an Orleans drugstore “it is absolutely impossible to satisfy your

request”; - December 2, the camp chief asks the MIS where he should send his request; - December 11 1942, to January 5, 1943: 5 letters from DRSA: must replace the chief doctor from

Pithiviers as he resigned; For the following period there are:

- list of internees who for health reasons need either freedom or a place in a sanatorium; request from the DRSA, January27, a list summarizing the month of January: 36 names, another list Feb.1 (3 names); case of Mrs. Metter, internee from Beaume hospitalized at Pithiviers; another case ( March 19);



9

- from April 6, 1943 a series of monthly reports (2‐4 pages) on “sanitary conditions of Pithiviers camp” signed by chief doctor and addressed to DRSA, according to the defined way stated in a letter of March 26; the reports are dates April 6, 1943; June 2; July 31; September1 and 2; October31; November29; December30; January29 1944; feb.28; March 31; May 2; May 30; June 30; July 31; in the series there are interposed reports of the regional police doctor to the prefect, dated July11 1943 and relating the consequences of an air raid during the night of July 3 to 4. 3) Sub‐bundle: “Jargeau camp” Approximately 90 pages.

- From MIS to DRSA, January 7, 1942, report of a visit to the camp, 5 pages, plus penciled in notes. - Regional prefect to departmental prefects, Feb. 28, 1942, 1 page re. internment of prostitutes to

the “Jargeau concentration camp” - Melle Le Coze, social assistant to the regional prefect, March 14, 1942: report and proposals re.

the fate of the Jargeau prostitutes - March 18, 1942: regional prefect decision: the prostitutes who are minor will be transferred to “

the good Pastor of the Faubourg Madeleine at Orleans” - Status of the deceased internees since the beginning of the camp (March 4 1941) dated March

5, 1942: 24 names. - Slip” distribution of food‐availability for rationing” with the example of the week of 9 to 15 of

Feb. 1942, menus of week Feb. 8 to 15; - DRSA to Chief of Jargeau camp: March 5 1942, 1 page: report of disinfection, vaccinations; - DRSA to Loiret prefect, March 5, 1942; 4 pages, report of visit to Jargeau camp (draft); - Melle Le Coze, social assistant to DRSA, May5 1942:” status of prostitutes at Jargeau camp May

1, 1942, 2 pages, report of inspections to the camps of Jargeau, Pithiviers, and Beaume; - Doctor of Jargeau camp to MIS, May 11, 1942, 1 page, report of vaccinations; - Melle Le Coze to DRSA, June 4, 1942 same status on June 1, 1942, 2 pages plus 1; - From regional prefect to departmental prefect: June 14, 1942, 1 page, transfer of minor

prostitutes to Good Pastor; - From Police Chief to DRSA, June 24, 1942, transmission of a report of 3 pages from the Jargeau

camp commanding officer to the prefect, June 12, over delousing organization; - From June 16 to June 24, 1942, investigation of the accidental death ( by scalding) of a 3 year old

child: declarations and investigation from the police, 4 documents; - Chief doctor of camp to MIS, June 30, 1942; report on the TB skin‐test practice and list of

children with positive results, 2 pages; 7‐9 May 1942: notification and then cancellation of a camp visit; - Chief doctor of camp to MIS ( July 17, 1942) 2 pages: proposes to place 35 children in a

prevention center plus a list of those whose parents refused (14/35); - MIS transmission to DRSA, July 11 and response July 13, 9 restrictive point of view); - A series of monthly sanitary reports, signed by the camp doctor, begins with 2 pages: they are

dated to the beginning of the following month: available reports for September, November, Dec, 1942, January, Feb., March, April, July, August, October, November( format reduced to 1 page), December 1943, Feb., March, April, May, June, July 1944, therefore 18 reports, there are 5 gaps in the series;

- April 3, 1943, report of camp doctor on an epidemic of “feverish flu of the season”; with 13 daily reports on the epidemic status (April 6‐19), report of April 2nd from MIS to DRSA and from April 6th from DRSA to the prefect. 4) Sub‐bundle : “Beaune‐ la‐Rolande Camp”



10

- MIS to DRSA, January 8, 1942, report of visit to Beaune camp, 4 pages ; - 7 cards hand‐written with the daily menu from Saturday feb.21 1942 to Friday Feb. 27; - DRSA to chief doctor at Beaune: March 11, 1942, 2 pages letter indicating measures of

disinfection; - DRSA to Loiret prefect, March 11, 1942, report of visit to Beaune camp, 2 pages; - Doctor inspector of Beaune camp, Dr. Gauthier to DRSA, March 17, asking supplies to carry out

the proposed plan, DRSA to Loiret prefect, March 26, 1942, about requested supply. - DRSA to the prefect of Loiret, July 11, 1942, he would appreciate to be kept courant of the

nominations for the camp doctors, 1 page, - July 15, 1942, “report on the internment camp of Beaune‐la‐Rolande (LOIRET) by Dr. Aujaleu,

general inspector for health and assistance,” 5 pages plus 1 appendix; memo sent by the state office to the colleagues at DRSA dated August 5, 1942;

- Commander of the camp to the Loiret prefect, August 5, 1942; “death of the child Rotter” on August 2, 1942 at the children’s home of Beaune;

- DRSA to the chief doctor of Beaune, May 5, 1942, 2 pages of recommendations “following my visit of August 3rd,” letter and draft;

- DRSA to chief doctor of Beaune, August 21, 1942, asking to send lists to the camp of Drancy: classify the children according to their state re. diphtheria: vaccinated, convalescing, contagious; 1 page;

- DRSA to the camp commander, September 2, 1942: 2 pages of recommendations to disinfect the camp;

- Hand written letter of Dr. Rousse to the DRSA, October 11, 1942, 2 small pages; - MIS to DRSA October 16, 1942, brief report of a visit to the camp ( number down to 71); - Hand written letter of Dr. Rousse to the DRSA, March 17, 1943, 1 page: malnutrition at the

camp; - DRSA to regional prefect, March 25, 1943, report of a visit:” some patients have edema of

malnutrition are treated at the infirmary”, 3 small pages in one version, 2 in another; - Regional prefect to Loiret prefect, April 1, 1943: “ask him to find some additional foodstuff”

even if of inferior quality - 4 cards of 2 pages, both sides, signed by the chief doctor of the camp, dated April 1, 1943,

doubtless May 1, June1, and July 1; the first 2 to the DRSA, the following ones to the Police steward, stating the number of admissions to the hospital and the infirmary in the past month, as well as the pathologies found; and some data on the health of the internees (e.g. in April “we saw 30 cases of malnutrition edema”). The card of June 1st has an attached sanitary report dated May 1943, of 2 pages.

- Camp commander to DRSA, April 6, 1943, communication about 3 TB patients treated by Dr. Rousse, the DRSA sends it to the prefect of Loiret on April 8th ; the division chief in charge of the camps (first division) asks from the DRSA a precise and detailed diagnosis for each case (April 19) ; the DRSA asks the same from the camp DOCTOR (April 21st) ;

- Camp DOCTOR to the DRSA, hand‐written letter April 27, 1 page: 13 have TB ; - 14, 15 and 18, May 1943: 3 documents re. the sick internees who the doctors (camp DRSA and

MIS) consider sending to the sanatorium. 5) Sub‐bundle: “Camp of Lamotte‐ Beuvron”

- from the hygiene and health service of the Lamotte‐Beuvron camp “medical report for the period of March 13 to 20, 1942” 2 pages; the MIS (from Loir‐et‐Cher) transmits it to the DRSA on March 26th;

- MIS to DRSA, April 3, 1942:size amounts to 101 individuals; “medical report of April 20 1942” signed by Dr. Legourd, 2 pages size is at 132;



11

- MIS to the prefect (Loir‐et‐Cher), April 20, report of visit to the camp, 1 page - DRSA to regional prefect, April 25, 1942, report of visits to camps of Lamotte‐Beuvron and

Voves, 2 pages; - DRSA to the prefect of Loir‐et‐Cher, April 25, 1942, report of the same visit and

recommendations, 2 pages; - MIS to prefect of Loir‐et‐Cher, April 25, 1942, report of same visit, 1 page; - DRSA to MIS of Loir‐et‐Cher, April 25, 1942 : proceed to check vaccinations ; recall letter May

(most likely the 18th); - DRSA to the Lamotte‐Beuvron camp commander, April 27, 1942, 2 pages; indications of sanitary

measures, 2 pages; - MIS to DRSA, May 20, 1942: report on vaccinations; - “medical report of June 20, 1942,” 2 pages, signed by Dr. Legourd; - “Report on the internment center of Lamotte‐Beuvron (Loir‐et‐Cher) by Dr. Anjaleu, IGSA, July

16, 1942,” 5 pages plus 2 add‐ons ; - “medical report of July 1942,” 2 pages, signed by Dr. Legourd ; - Various accounts: handwritten page dated “typical menu” for a week; hand‐written drafts,

particularly a note giving some indications on the internees’ origins. 6) Sub‐bundle : “Beaume and Pithiviers‐ July 1942 epidemic” Two folders and loose pieces A/ folder “Daily Life at Pithiviers” ‐A series of daily paper slips of 1 page, typed or hand‐written, indicating the number of hospitalized patients and the number being treated as outpatients, as well as indication by diseases; series from August 1st to the 15th (missing the 3 pages); all together 14 slips, then from September 7th to the 18th; making 12 slips total; diseases found: measles, scarlet fever, diphtheria; the August series is unsigned, but most likely of the same origin as September’s, with the same heading and stamp of the chief camp doctor at Pithiviers ;

‐with a brief slip of paper from September 16, 1942 from the chief doctor to the DRSA, on a “report on the sanitary status from 15‐8 to 15‐9” ; B/ folder “Daily Situation at Beaune” ‐A series of daily paper slips, hand‐written, on plain paper, brief (front and back small size, in general 17 X 20.5 cm) signed by the chief doctor of the Beaune camp, Dr. Foucques; complete series from August 4th to 27th, 24 slips; they indicate numbers, admissions and releases from the infirmary and the hospital, the number of patients by pathology, specifically diphtheria, measles, scarlet fever, many times with a small additional note; ‐ Two similar slips for September16th and 20th, but only for the infirmary of the camp, and by a different hand writing: appears also at the date of August 28, 1942 the resignation letter of Dr. Foucques ‐The said Dr. Foucques presents in leaving a “report on the sanitary state of the camp during the internment of the Israelites from July 19th to August 25th.” 7 small slips hand written, 13 pages written and signed ; description of epidemics of diphtheria, measles and scarlet fever ; of medical personnel and local people, departures (statistics); suggestions to improve the service ; ‐loose pieces: ‐MIS (Dr. Deschamps) to the prefect of Loiret, July 23, 1942, report from the camp visit on July 22nd, 3 pages; ‐DRSA to the State Health Secretary, August 5, 1942, letter (and draft) informing about the epidemics of Beaune and Pithiviers, 2 pages:



12

‐from the same on the same day, letter ( and draft ) to the steward of police, informing him also, 2 pages, the DRSA mentions his visit to the camps on August 2nd; ‐from the same and on the same day, one letter, 3 pages to the regional prefect; dated his visit of August 3rd; ‐hand‐written slip of 4 little pages, titled “visit of the 11th of August,” depicting the epidemics of Beaune and Pithiviers ; ‐letter and draft from the DRSA to the prefect of Loiret, August 13th on 2 pages, asking for a local place to do bacteriological analyses with a local doctor; the prefect accepts (letter to the DRSA from August 27th ‐ prices set by the DRSA on August 28th); ‐DRSA letter to DRSA of the Parisian area, August 19th, 2 pages, telling him of the epidemic situations of the children transferred to Drancy; ‐from the chief of police of Orleans to the DRSA, August 21, 1942, on the disinfection of the camps during, quoted “decrease of numbers to almost nothing.” 1 page; letter from the same to the same on September 1st on the same Subject; ‐answer from the DRSA to the chief of police, September 2nd, 2 pages; ‐one hand‐written page, not dated, on the difficulties to recruit medical personnel; 7) Sub‐bundle : “Kommandos from Sologne” (sic) ‐“Report of activities August 1941,” dated at Pithiviers, September 1, 1941, 4 pages unsigned; the author is one of the social assistants; the “group of the Sologne farms” then is re‐attached to the Pithiviers camp : ‐the DRSA to the prefect of Loiret, March 18, 1942, 2 pages letter, report of the visit (March 16th) to the Sologne camps; description and request for improvements: ‐letter from Melle de Dreuzy, social assistant to the DRSA, March 14th, included with the list of requested materials from each of the three farms of Sologne ; ‐the DRSA transmits those lists to the prefect of Loiret March 26th; ‐MIS to “chief of service for internees’ camps‐ Loiret prefecture,” April 9, 1942: water is unhealthy (contaminated) at the “l’Ousson” farm; ‐prefect to DRSA, April 20, 1942: lice investation at the Ousson farm; ‐DRSA to MIS, April 23rd: calls for measures against lice and contaminated water; ‐MIS to DRSA, April 27th, 2 pages: report of the inspections of farms d”Ousson and Le Rozoir: verifications (no lice but fleas; lots of rats) and measures taken; ‐DRSA to chief of Sologne camps April 30, 1942, 2 pages of sanitary measures; ‐the general secretary for the police, Weber, to the chief of the Sologne groups, May 23, 1942, 2 pages of measures to fight lice; ‐hand written letter from Melle de Dreuzy June 19th, 3 pages; addressee not noted (Dr…..), but it must be the DRSA: official measures are not feasible ; plus request for the farms of Sologne of simpler materials (soap with xylol) and medications, his letter apparently is sent to the red cross (problem with wrong dating), DRSA answers to Melle de Dreuzy July 4, 1942 and informs the MIS ; ‐MIS answers July 9th to the DRSA; refuses to give morphine to the Matelotte camp ;DRSA is for it, “considering the isolation of the La Matelotte camp” final result of this debate is unknown ; ‐“report on the internment camps of the farms of Sologne,” “by Dr. Aujaleu, general inspector of health and assistance,” July 16, 1942, 4 pages. 8) Sub‐bundle: “Camp of Voves” The Sub‐bundle is formed around monthly reports on the sanitary status, or on the functioning of the



13

health services, sometimes with the addition of a “medical report”; of 1 page (so almost reduced to statistics) of 4 pages, signed by doctors – successive chiefs, here we have reports for the following months: 1942: May to August, October to December; 1943: January to March, June and July, September to December ; 1944: January to April. At their chronological place we find: ‐DRSA to the prefect of Eure‐et‐Loir, report of the visit to the camp, June 4, 1942, 1 page; next day he report to the regional prefect and prescribes to the chief DOCTOR vaccinations; ‐a “report on the internment camp of Voves (Eure‐et‐Loir) by Dr. Anjaleu, IGSA, June 20, 1942” 7 pages ; is transmitted to the DRSA only on July 25th; ‐several pieces on the research of an doctor; ‐special reports: ‐August 4, 1942, “on the matter of numerous cases of diarrhea among internees” ; ‐October 1942, “on the sudden death” of an internee. Reel 4: COTE 5M 309: Regrouping of Families The content of this bundle is enclosed in a portfolio inscribed “Spanish Refugees.” Regrouping of families. O – R. This bundle comes from the Foreigner Services of the Loiret prefecture; the documents are dated from 1939 and 1940, but not from the occupation period: the latest date that was June 8, 1940. There are 782 slips. They concern Spanish refugees after the civil war; they are in alphabetical order, forming small individual files. The prefecture intervenes to authorize the placement of refugees who are searching to stay in the Department, where they must find a job and a residence. Potential employers or landlords write to the prefecture to indicate that they will employ or provide living quarters for such and such a person. The prefecture has the authority to agree or disagree to the terms. The elements for a decision are: the quality of the residence, the economic component, and the interest in reconstituting families. Often the husband/ father is placed first and can later seek to bring his wife and children. If he has work and a residence – this issue constituting the main question‐‐ then the prefecture may approve (e.g. file Rey‐Panis). The refusals are due to:

1) Problems of housing, no living accommodations or the residence proposed is not adequate in size or style “e.g. together with other workers,” or in places accepting only men, or inversely not accepting them, to the crowding of the receiving centers (camps, residential centers);

2) Lack of agricultural workers during the strange war (E.G. file Ascual Abaya, April 1940: we keep it in the Loiret Department where he is employed, not letting him join his family who are several hundreds of km. away)

3) Insufficient resources (e.g. file Renard‐Simon); 4) Quality of an ex‐militiaman of the civil war (file Ignacio Perez) 5) Irregular situation in regard to legislation concerning the circulation of foreigners (file Quer) 6) Absence of family members among refugees who seek to help each other (one seeking to

shelter another) 7) Instability of the situation of Spanish refugees (file Rubert) etc.

But, there were as well refusals without reasons, and some may have been motivated by political



14

reasons: for instance in the file PACA, a police inquest of May 1939 establishes that the landlord, a potential employer, who was at the same time communist and in debt, and the affair was concluded negatively. Another sign: the special chief of police of Orleans, on December 28, 1939, note #4823, wrote to the prefect of Loiret: “the already great number of free refugees in Orleans could not increase, it seems, without true guaranties” (file Paniello‐Grau) where the potential landlord, himself a refugee, is judged too poor to receive two compatriots). The bundle contains: ‐demand letters or intentions of the concerned individuals (refugees, employers, landlords); ‐work certificates or housing certificates supporting the preceding ones; ‐cards indicating civil status; ‐correspondence of prefects of different concerned departments; ‐reports of police inquests, and answers from city halls to prefecture questions; ‐drafts of the prefecture’s responses Reel 5: COTE 5M 310: Lists by categories A portfolio encloses this bundle and is inscribed “Spanish refugees‐ La Verrerie”(726). It is comprised of Sub‐bundles with titles and several isolated leaflets: 1/sanitary problems, 2/refugees that must remain in the camp, 3/approved requests for reunification of families, 4/departure lists. 1/ Sub‐bundle titled “refugees who may leave the camp,” but contains documents which are not related to this title, actually it consists of 16 leaflets dated January 1940 to February 1941, concerned with,

1. for 9 of them a tax problem regarding the local center of shelters, 2. for 5 sanitary problems (a child dying of acute tracheatis, a contaminated well, health of the

refugees sent to work in agriculture), in the last 2 the request for a reconstituted family. 2/ Sub‐bundle “Refugees who must remain in the camp” 14 slips dated from February to May 1940, addressing the cases when the regrouping of families is denied based on “limited resources” of the husband, of work in “special areas” in war time, and when community life is not compatible with familial life. 3/ Sub‐bundle “Comunications done at La Verrerie, of women and children who may leave to rejoin their husbands” (sic) then :approved familial regrouping. ‐197 slips dated from February to May 1940, classified in folders by alphabetical order. The Sub‐bundle contains: letters from concerned persons, who request the reconstitution of their family, basically men who asks that their wives and children lodged at La Verrerie may join them; agreements of the authorities (prefects of concerned departments); diverse information supporting the requests: reports from the police or other administrations, estimates of resources, work certificates, lodging certificates, interventions of specialized organisms (Commission for help to Spanish refugee children in France), lists of family members, information re. their routing and prices. Contrary to the Sub‐bundle title we find refusals as well, files: Barroy, Garriga Serra, Sandoval, Romera, Roses, Serrano, Catelo; the most frequent reason is the lack of lodgings.



15

4/ Sub‐bundle “Departure lists” It contains a series of 9 files: A/file Leaflet #1: ‐list of 24 names, dated 26 February 1940,”refugees who may return to Spain;” ‐list of 22 names, March 12, 1940: “departure to Spain on the 12 of March 1940;” ‐21 leaflets from March to May 1940, mainly notes in which the directorship of the Lodging Center for Spanish refugees La Verrerie informs the departure of a lodger, leaving to reside and work away (rarely in Spain), some cards from the foreign service (form 12X15,7 cm. gray color, titled Service for foreigners from the Loiret prefecture) ; B/ folder Leaflet #2: ‐list of 22 names involving 60 individuals with the not named children titled: “refugees who must leave the camp at the end of February”; ‐21 slips of departure, dated February to April 1940 with some cards from the foreign service; C/ folder Leaflet #3 ‐list of 5 pages, undated, titled, “Refugees (sic) whose husband is working and requests to join him” ; 68 names ; in a column “Observations” an estimate of daily incomes ; ‐86 leaflets, dated February to May 1940, which are basically notes of departures, plus some cards from the Foreigner Services or documents authorizing the departure ( pledge of lodgings) D/ folder Leaflet #4

‐list of 18 names, on 2 pages, undated, titled “Refugees (sic) whose husbands work in farming”;

‐12 leaflets of forms indicating the departures, dated February to April 1940, with a card from the Foreign Services; E/folder Leaflet #5 ‐list of 10 names, no date, titled “Refugees who work in the factory for gas masks”; ‐13 forms of departure dated from February to May 1940;

F/ folder Leaflet #6 ‐list of 6 names, undated, titled “Refugee whose husband is in the French army”; ‐6 forms of departure dated February to May 1940;

G/folder Leaflet #7 ‐list of 6 pages, with adds on in pencil, calculations, representing in total (with

the children) 212 individuals titled: “Refugees whose husbands are in a company of workers”; ‐60 slips of forms and cards, dated March to May 1940, with some folders

pieces;



16

H/ folder Leaflet #8 ‐list of 16 names, undated, titled “Refugees who cannot return to Spain at this

time”; ‐18 forms of departures or cards, dated March to May 1940;

I/ folder Leaflet #9 ‐undated list, showing 22 names on 2 pages, titled “Refugees whose (sic) the

husband is still in a camp and special cases”; ‐19 departure forms, dated March to May 1940 (1 card in the middle) ‐24 forms of a different model: yellowish, 15X24 cm., titled, “Loiret Prefecture –

Center of….,” followed with a stamp of “lodging center of La Verrerie‐Les Aydes‐Orleans”, it seems to be also of “special cases”‐ different of those of the list in the same folder; J/ 20

‐Individual leaflets reuniting a second sample of each prior list found in the 9 preceding folders, and one page totaling all strengths found in these categories, dated February 21, 1940 (728 on this date, 680 on February 27, 1940).

COTE 5 M 311: Escapees This bundle is from the Foreign Service of the Loiret. It has 2 Sub‐divisions: 1/interventions of the Spanish Consul, 2/ escapees from La Pallice. 1/ Sub‐bundle “Refers to Spaniards escapees in whose favor the General Spanish Consuin Paris intervened” Only 11 leaflets, dated April 17 to June 19, 1944, the Spanish consul intervenes in favor of 3 of his countrymen interned at Jargeau “awaiting their transfer to the works of the TODT organization”; he refers to agreements reached between the Vichy government and his embassy, but also about those between his consulate and… the German embassy in Paris; the 3 internees escaped; the prefect administration decides to free them: is it a simple administrative decision or they have been retaken? 2/ Sub‐bundle “Spaniard escapees from German camps at La Pallice” A/ “List of sheltered Spaniards on the service of the occupation troops, escapees from the La Pallice camps on February 1, 1942”, 490 names on 19 pages, with first names, date and place of birth. Another copy of the same list. B/ A series of lists from Loiret:

1) “Condition of detained foreigners freed” from House detention of Orleans, for the periods of: December 14 to 31 1941, January 1 to 14 1942, January 14 to 31, February 1 to 28



17

March 1 to 31 April 1 to 30 1942,

2) Included in this series “condition of foreigners detained at the detention house of Orleans” for the periods of:

18 to 31 March 1942 April month 1942;

3) Handwritten list of “foreigners detained because of lack of identity card issued to foreigners” dated December 13, 1941, 2 pages;

4) 2 lists of 4 and 2 pages, with Spanish sounding names, but without title nor date, with additions and scratches in pencil; C/ 83 loose leaflets, a correspondence between French and German administrations, on the Subject of Spanish escapes: ‐April 8, 1942, the Loiret prefect transmits to the ones in charge of the services of the police department the lists received from Charente Maritime, “ to let urgently know if, among these foreigners some reside in the Loiret,” 7 slips; he again communicates to the same and to other administrations or authorities, asking to give better precisions, on May 27 (4 slips), July 11 (7 slips), 20‐21 of July (3 slips), July 25, August 25 (2 slips); ‐Answers are addressed to him on the 19,20,and 22 of April,on May 7 ; 3,4,6,12,13,and 30 of June; the 4,15,16,and 24 of July; 5,6,14 and 18 of August,11 and 21 of septmber 1942; ‐May 7, 1942 FKO asks from which German services people escaped, 2 slips; ‐ the prefect answers on May 19 that he is unable to know, 2 slips (draft and minutes) ‐June 12 the KSKO pushes the prefect to answer, 2 leaflets; letter and translation;

‐The prefect (foreigner services) gives some answers to the KSKO the 15 of June (6 leaflets, draft and translation), then on July 16 (4 leaflets), July 21 (6 leaflets), 17 and 29 of September; a list of 4 pages is established giving 41 names but the date is not clear. Reel 6: COTE 34111 : works, materials, guard, defense This bundle has 7 Sub‐divisions: 1) Buildings, maintenance, 2) Materials and vehicle, 3) Re‐provisioning, 4) Material and moral state of the camp, 5) Camp guard, 6) Defense of the camp, 7) Camp statutes 1/ Sub‐bundle : Buildings, maintenance (1942‐1944) 128 leafleS in a portfolio with the inscription: Works. They are classified by chronological order (to re‐establish) from September 16 1942 to June 24 1944. It is, first of all, an exchange of messages between administrations to organize the work for the maintenance and improvement of the camp. The main intervening parties are the camp commandant, the area architect, the prefecture first division, the



18

department chief for architecture, the DGPN. Some other authorities are mentioned: KSKO, PTT, etc. To note:

- September 16, 1942, plan of works to be done, by the decision of the M. Prevost “Camps Director,” 2 pages addressed to the area architect;

- September17, 1942, from the area’s architect to the department chief architect (seemingly the author of the prior letter), response in 3 pages, with “the summary of the needed materials and fuel for the completion of the work.” ‐October 7 and 13, 1942, request of information by DGPN re. the improvement works done in August and September, answer from the camp commandant; ‐October 31, 1942, request presented by the camp commandant to the German authorities through the first division of the prefecture: installation of 2 phone stations in the camp; ‐7 leaflets dated November 1942 to January 1943, exchanged between the prefecture, the administration of the PTT and the KSKO, following prior business, to determine what must done to obtain the authorization from other German services. ‐February 14, 1943, the captain commandant of the police of the Pithiviers camp proposes “the installation of a unique district” for the men, for the service benefit, but it would imply the constructions of new barracks and the displacement of others; ‐A series of 5 estimates, in 2 copies, signed May 5, 1943 by the area architect; ‐A series of 5 notes of the camp chief, dated May 10, 1943, transmitting and supporting the noted estimates; ‐May 17, 1943, note of the 1st. division to the DGPN, 2 pages included in the transmission of the estimates approving 2 of the considered works, and stating procurement of work for the three others; ‐July 8, 1943, the DGPN (Office of technical services ) gives its approval to the prefect for the overall works, but make the observations that his prerogatives have not been totally respected…, and asks for a decrease of the architect’s fee ; ‐August 25, 1943: the Sub‐prefect of Pithiviers transmits a request to recuperate barbed wire left out next to the personnel’s barrack, answer denying it by the division chief (from the 1st Division) ; ‐chart titled “state of works done at the Pithiviers camp since September 26 1942 and works planned up to September 30, 1943,” with amount of estimates requested and received, one two sides leaflet; ‐November 15, 1943, “descriptive estimate of works to be done for the maintenance of the Pithiviers camp,” 4 pages, signed by the area architect; ‐8 small leaflets dated November 29, 1943, whereby the camp commander justifies the requests for funds for the works; ‐November 25, 1943, draft of the transmitting letter for these requests by the 1st. division to the DGPN, Office of the technical services; ‐December 16, 1943, agreement of the DGPN for these works; ‐7 leaflets dated from the 10 to the16 of February 1944, organization and memo of a inspection of prisons and internment camps of the area, done jointly by German policemen ( Wollbrandt, KSKO) and French ( Rossignol, main chief of the RG) ; on February 24 , the KSKO asks for improvements in the security of the camps of Beaume and Pithiviers ; ‐18 leaflets dated February 10 and 20, 1944: a series of 4 estimates (dated the 10, presented by the area architect) and their justification by the camp commander (dated the 20); ‐March 2, 1944, estimate by the area architect for the reinforcement of 3 blockhaus “at the request of the authorities of the Orleans Sicherheitspolizei”; March 4, 7, and 11 various transmitting letters of this estimate, for authorization; back from the DGPN to the city hall for maintenance of order in Orleans, dated July 25, 1944 ; ‐March 14, 1944, agreement of DGPN, general inspector of the camps for the estimates of February 10 and 20;



19

‐April 25, 1944, the camp commander presents an estimate for the installation of an electric bells; approval by the prefecture dated April 29; ‐April 27, 1944, approval by the FKO for the works; ‐Series of 14 leaflets: presenting estimates and justifications for their needs by the camp director (May 24, 1944) then approval by the prefecture (June 3, 1944); ‐Series of 7 leaflets, dated from May 2 to June 17, 1944, on the plan to build a watch tower in the camp, ordered by the DGPN; ‐Separate : 4 leaflets dated December 1943 to February 1944 : the sugar refinery of Pithiviers wants to have recognition of its rights on a building and a plot of land that were commandeer for them, for the camp needs, since June 1940, without title or rent. 2 /Sub‐bundle: Materials and Vehicles (1942 – 1944 )

A / folder “Money‐Material” : 54 leaflets, dated August 1942 to May 1944 ; in the context of the hardships of the occupation, the Pithiviers camp must request to the administration the delivery of diverse materials, specifically wood and steel ; justifications are addressed to the Orleans prefecture, which sends them to the DGPN ; the rules of transmission are set up with great efforts, and after attributions, precisions and notifications of receipt are asked for; there are here little requests, mainly memos accompanying deliveries. B /folder “Upkeep products”: 10 leaflets, dated January to March 1943, of which 7 leaflets regards the search of soap by the camp commander. C / folder “Cars”, 41 leaflets, dated April 1942 to July 1944 ; correspondence among administrations on the endowment of the camp in automobiles, tires and gasoline ; participation of camp chief, director of the camps, Central Police, and the Central Office for the distribution of Industrial products (OCRPI), the DGPN, etc; specifically :

‐Camps of internment director to the prefect, April 23 1942, 2 pages asking for gasoline; ‐Police captain to the Division chief of the prefecture, July 29, 1942, report on the transport of

policemen and internees June 27 to July 21, 1942; ‐Note from the 1st Division to the prefect, August 14, 1942, emphasizing the fact of increasing

works and capacity of the camps, and expenses of gasoline it causes; ‐Letter from the central office of distribution of industrial products to the prefect, August 25,

1942, assigning, exceptionally, 5000 litters of gasoline; ‐Prefect of Loiret to OCRPI, September 9, 1942, explanation of the camp of Pithiviers needs

(“Daily the Scherheitspolice send to this camp, in groups of 30 to 40 Israelites who are detained at the demarcation line”).

D / folder “Heating”: 25 leaflet dated August to December 1943 : analisis and discussion of the

camp needs, with intervention of the medical chief ; specifically : ‐October 30, 1943, “request of coal for the month of November 1943 “shown as the camp

questionnaire,” 4 pages, “with a state of quarters heating,” “giving a global description of the quarters use.”

E / folder “Fire”: 3 leaflets October‐ December 1942. F / folder “Miscellaneous”: 13 leaflets, dated August 1943 to July 1944: report on bicycle thefts,



20

property of the administration, inquest of DGPN on “building situation of the camps,” request to re‐establish phone communications for the camps (July 1944).

. 3 / Sub‐bundle : Re‐provisioning

. 108 leaflets, dated October 1942 to August 1944, reclassified chronologically for the essentials; for the majority it is as follows : the chief or the manager of the camp is alarmed by the difficulties of re‐provisioning , he reports to the 1st. division of the prefecture, which seeks to improve the situation by addressing other administrations (general re‐provisioning, indirect contributions, regional prefecture, DGPN) ; specifically:

‐Report of the camp chief on the poor functioning of the kitchen of policemen and custom officers: October 26, 1942, 29 and 30 January 1943;

‐Lack of tobacco (for the internees): November 22, 1942, January 12, 1943; ‐Lack of potatoes: January 28, 1943, April 6, 1943, 14, 22 and 29 of October 1943; ‐Lack of wine: February 10, 1943, 6 and 13, April 1943, 4, 15 and 20 of May 1943,

January 31, 1944, and February 25, 1944; ‐Report of the camp questionnaire to 1st Division, on “daily expenses by internee,” June

18, 1943, 2 pages; ‐Alarming report on the re‐provisioning of the Jargeau camp: September 7, 1943;

Separately: ‐4 hand‐written pages, undated (found between 2 pieces dated October and December 1943) unsigned, but seemingly originating from an internees group (many uses of 1st. person plural), titled “proposals Submitted to the camp commander at Pithiviers towards improving nutrition”; ‐10 leaflets giving the weekly menus from October to December 1943; ‐12 leaflets dated October 1942 to June 1943, concerning the supply of food products by the Secours national in July 1942; the camp chief, supported by the 1st. division request that these invoices be void; ‐5 leaflets of March‐April 1944, on the sale of camp peelings to a local farmer. 4 /Sub‐bundle: Moral and Material Status of the camp A / folder ‘Plan of Access” of the internment camp of Pithiviers, scale 1/2000, dated and signed October 6, 1942, by the area’s architect ; B / folder “Report of December 1943”: 19 leaflets (some are duplicate), done by the camp commander and the chief physician, from the end December 1943 to the start of January 1944; it is a camp description (personnel, budget, quarters, materials, nutrition, number of internees, material and moral situation – with 3 copies of letters‐ protection plans, medical reports); C / folder “Reports End of 1944”: 29 leaflets October to December 1944: “Camp Outlook”, “material and moral situation”; 7 leaflets of a report on the Jargeau camp (December 1 1944); D / folder “Reports of 1945 and 1946”: 146 leaflets dated January 1945 to April 1946, classified chronologically: series of monthly reports of the camp chief, and weekly reports or bi‐monthly of the police inspector assigned to the camp, on the personnel, numbers, movements – with the nominal rolls ‐‐ the material, moral and sanitary situations of the camp; 5 / Sub‐bundle: Camp Guarding A / folder “Camp Guard and Police (1942 – 1944)”: 45 leaflets June 1942 to July 1944, of which:



21

‐June 29, 1942, from DGPN to the Loiret prefect: ask information on the elimination of visits and permits to the Pithiviers camp; ‐Put into the camp: ‐October 5, 1942, from the regional prefect to the Loiret prefect (with instructions on the internment of communists); ‐December 1942, 3 leaflets, from RG and the police (notifying the formation by communists of a “special group” titled, “ branch for escapes,” which has a “vast net of hiding places” and of the “ help of the FTP,” applying “a vast plan of escapes of all their members detained at this moment”); ‐October 23, 1943, from regional prefect on escapes in general; ‐June 22, 1944, from the Loiret prefect on the risks of escaping when visiting medical specialists; ‐Establishing guard orders: January 20, 1944, to hospitals; collection dated February 19, 1944 orders of surveillance established previously for external duties (sugar refinery, Gringoire establishments, malt‐house, silo, tannery) and for the whole camp (with special orders o6 posts of guards); “in case of escapes” in camp Jargeau, July 6, 1944; ‐January 19, 1944, description of the duties of the custom officers by the camp commander, answering a letter of January 7 from the director of the customs of Bayonne, asking for the improvement of the fate of custom officers attached to the Pithiviers camp: ‐order March 14, 1944 “regulations for the centers for supervised stays,” 5 pages, B/ folder “Camp Guard: Organization and Chart guard’s schedules (1942 – 1943)”: 14 leaflets October 1942 to September 1943, the schedules concerning the police forces, months of October, November and December 1942, January, February, April, May, August, September and October 1943; to the date of March 11, 1943, (“Report on the functioning of the guard services,” by a captain of police).

C / folder: Report of various events (1942 – 1944) ‐57 leaflets dated October 1942 to August 1944, of which: ‐ October 10, 1942, report by the day’s officer: “2 unknowns have thrown 2 packages over the fence” (containing bread), ‐November 6, 1942 a freed internee’s letter to the camp commander: he offers for the internees envelopes for letters, asks that they permit the inclusion of bread in the family parcels, and describes the “good will of the majority [of the internees]...to accept the discipline”; ‐10 leaflets from August to September 1943: explanations requested by the DGPN on working conditions and the sanitary conditions of the camp, and answer by the commander; ‐February 10, 1944, report by the camp commander of a demonstration by 250 to 300 internees, with a proposal for sanctions agreed by the prefecture; ‐February 24, 1944, report by the camp commander of a demonstration by about 350 internees, on the occasion of the transfer of internees to the Todt organization of La Rochelle, 2 pages, with sanctions proposed and decided by the prefect; ‐March 18, 1944, report by the camp commander of a “general search…of internees and in all places in the camp, and the findings of “communists’ pamphlets” ‐March 18, 1944, report by the camp commander of a “general strike of workers “from 8:30 to 10 am, caused by “ the elimination of the tables in the room for family visits”; ‐April ,4 1944, report by the camp commander of a strike by internees working



22

at the sugar refinery at Pithiviers, the reason being a change in the food rations given by the refinery, 2 pages; ‐May 19, 1944, report by the RG inspector assigned to the camp on the discovery of “a handwritten leaflet” in the dining room of the police, with a copy of the text; ‐ 5 and 31 of July, 1944, report by the camp commander on air raids of the camp, 3 and 1 pages (July 4 around 2 am, 5 internees killed, 6 internees and 4 policemen wounded; July 30 around 8 pm, 12 policemen hurt); ‐ July 19, 1944 report by a police captain on “the discovery of leaflets with copy of the text”; ‐Separate: 12 leaflets February to August 1944, on the transfer to other camps of 3 internees” threatened by the other internees who accused them to have joined the new social order and serve as informers to the police”;

D / folder: Camp Guard and Police 1944 ‐1946: 41 leaflets dated September 1944 to January 1946 ; service notes, circular on the functioning of the centers for supervised stays, specifically visit rights, content of parcels, correspondence, internees activities, , number of guards.

6 /Sub‐bundle: Camp Defenses (1943 – 1944)

A / Camp Pithiviers’ plan and scale 1/1000, not dated, not signed, in bad condition, with a photocopy for consultation;

B / folder “Arming and Protection plans for the Camp”: 80 leaflets dated October 1942 to July

1944 of which: ‐October 7, 1942, order from prefecture forbidding parking around the camp; ‐7 leaflets April 1943 on the German order to darken the camp during the night; ‐August 20, 1943, camp commander on the “arming situation”; ‐September 19, 1943, a police captain report to his supervisor:” I have the duty to report the

insufficient number of cartridges for machine guns”; ‐October 4, 1943, a police captain asks for the replacement of 3 cartridges fired on internees

trying to escape, transmission of the request by the prefecture to KSKO on October 11; ‐March 3, 1944, surveillance plan for the camp (permanent device, in case of troubles or attacks

from outside the camp, riots started inside the camp, fire started by rioters, from outside the camp. Case of revolt based on a calamity), 11 pages total, signed by the camp commander‐ 2 samples; different account (shortened), 8 pages, not dated (also 2 samples); “Plan of Access to Pithiviers camp” scale 1/2000, dated October 6 1942, with some penciled notes; ‐ 2 plans without title of “camp for lodgers at Pithiviers”;they are with “orders for the use of machine guns” (2 pages, both sides, 2 samples) and indicating plans for fire. 7/ Sub‐bundle: Rules for the Camp Only 19 leaflets of which: ‐March 1, 1943,DGPN to camp chief: numbering (of materials): Pithiviers camp is assigned # 20 ‐16 leaflets of 1946: the town council protests against the change of the center of supervised stays to a penal institution, supported by the Ministry of National Education (there is question to build a stadium at this location).



23

Reel 7: COTE 26358: refugees (1939 – 1940) This bundle has 5 Sub‐bundles: 1/ Refugees, Requisition of quarters, September 1939‐ June 1940, 2/ Refugees, Various: Lodging, September 1939‐1940, 3/ Refugees’ Help 4/ Children 5/ Children evacuated from Paris

1/‐Sub‐bundle: Refugees, Requisition of Quarters, September 1939‐June 1940 ‐20 leaflets, dated September 1939 to June 1940, on the requisition of buildings to receive

refugees, on the requisition of individuals or materials to do farm work, on the compensation to be given to individuals who had their property taken,, on conflicts caused by these events; definitive texts come from the Interior Ministry or from the prefecture, the Sub‐prefect acting basically as the transmitter of orders to the Mayors in his district.

2/‐Sub‐bundle: Refugees, Various: Lodging, September 1939‐1940 237 leaflets dated September 1939 to October 1940, of which 40 dated July 1940 and after that

it is from the German occupation: specifically: ‐September 15 1939,note from the Loiret prefect delegating to the Sub‐prefect of Montargis “to

requisitioning and treat in his name all matters of interest for National Defense, and specifically the lodging of refugees” ; ‐from there, important correspondence between Sub‐prefects and mayors in the district, on the questions, particularly on ways to welcome, lodge. Feeding, heat, allowances, surveillance, displacements, expenses of all kind, help to indigents, grumbling against food, conflicts of lodgings, medical help, lack of clothes and shoes, the damages etc…. ‐also correspondence among various responsible administrations (notification of the arrival of convoys of refugees, specific requisitions, sending of documents to the refugees service of the Loiret prefecture, inquest on certain behaviors, on lodging’s sanitary conditions, help requests, allowances requests, etc.);

‐October 24, 1940,”anonymous petition”, sent to the Sub‐prefect, and presenting the complaints of refugees from the city of Paris and the Seine department, 1 page, and copy on both sides, they express” their legitimate indignation on a project of concentration in the forest, elaborated by the municipality” ;

‐November 25, 1940, in a letter of the Sub‐prefect to the prefect of Loiret, on the Subject of a family of refugees who requested and got their transfer from Montargis to the countryside, this note: “ Presently, around 80 refugees are still at Montargis, they have no complaints”,

‐ December 22, 1939, in a letter from the prefect to the chief of services to the refugees; at Dammerie‐en‐Puisaye, there are “about 60 refugees, of which 20 children” in good conditions; ‐July 24 and 25 1940, 2 leaflets of police reports on the bad functioning of the welcome of refugees at Montargis. 3/ Sub‐bundle” refugees help” A/ folder “refugees camp at Montargis”, 18 leaflets dated from 17 May to 26 May 1940, of which 13 are



24

notes and reports to the Sub‐prefect by the director of the municipal stadium of Montargis, and to the Mayor and the director of the welcome center for refugees (“camp” of Montargis), the exodus results in the arrival of hundreds of refugees; B/ folder: Project of a Hospital for Children at Pressigny‐les‐Pins: 50 leaflets dated September and October 1939; this folder concerns a project not realized to create a hospital for children, in a requisitioned castle, in a rural community situated in a “welcome basin” for children refugees ; the Sub‐prefect works on the project, cost, the needs for materials, begins to recruit and then all activity stops after a report that reads, in part, “the organization of this hospital must be delayed due to administrative reasons” ( letter of the prefect to the Sub‐prefect October 14, 1939). At the beginning of the folder a list of refugees children in the close place of d’Ouzouer‐sur‐Trezee; C / folder: Medical Assistance to Refugees: 7 leaflets dated September 16 to October 1, 1939, on the opening of a clinic for deliveries for refugees of the Parisian area, in a residence at 3 kms. From Montargis; D / folder: Military canteen at the station of Montargis, May 1940: 9 leaflets dated 10th to 16th of May 1940, on the activity of the canteen, at the beginning to feed military evacuated, then the feeding of civilian refugees arriving by train. 4 / Sub‐bundle: Children A / folder: Children evacuated from the Montargis hospital: 38 leaflets dated September 1940 to 1942 ; 3 young girls of which 2 babies, are evacuated in difficult ways from the nursery of the Montargis hospital in June 1940, the fate of the older one, who is 3 years old in1940, is unknown; the 2 smaller ones are sought , more or less actively by the administration : they finally arrived to the home for pupils of Public Assistance of Puy‐du‐Dome ; the parents of one of them found her October 20 1941(!) ; the parents of the second one are not found up to this date; B / folder: Children help from the Seine area: 28 leaflets, dated April to September 1939: exchange of correspondence, specifically between the Sub‐prefect and the prefect of Loiret, to prepare the welcome of children helped by the hopices of the Parisian region; September 1, the prefect announces to the Sub‐prefect the arrival on September 4 of 1300 individuals (children and personnel); he mentions that for certain reasons a list of 126 private cars will be requisitioned, the Sub‐prefect does this work by train wagons, more practical. . 5 /Sub‐bundle: Children evacuated from Paris 115 leaflets (there are numerous doubles), dated August 1939 to April 1940, it addresses the organization of the welcoming of children evacuated from Paris and other areas of the seine, end of August 1939; (Alfortville, Arcueil, Bagneux, Maison‐alfort, Saint‐mande); they are distributed in Cepoy, Chateaurenard, Chatillon‐Coligny, Corbeilles‐en‐gatinais, Courtenay, d’Ammarie‐sur‐loing, d’Ordives, Ferrieres‐en‐gatinais, la Chapelle‐saint‐sepulcre, Montargis, Montbourg, Nogent‐sur‐vernisson, Panes, Sainte‐genevieve‐des‐bois, Saint‐germain‐des‐pres; numerous charts of distribution and cards by areas ; with drafts hand written. In September and October the prefect administration focuses on schooling, lodgings, sanitary inspections, personnel transfers, the division of responsibilities among the mayors from the welcoming places, the lodging center chiefs, and those of the groups of displaced persons, as



25

well as, on all sorts of expenses and requisitions. Interesting 2 pages, undated titled “Instructions to ladies and gentlemen group chiefs” and “Instructions for the children of the seine evacuated to the Loiret,” signed by “primary inspector of the Seine.” Reel 8: COTE 29644 : General Policy of the Press This bundle is Subdivided into 4 Sub‐bundles: 1 / General policy. Periodic reports from the Sub‐prefect to the prefect (September 1942 to November 1950), 2 / Correspondence with the Mayors of the district, 3 / Press synthesis from the regional center of documents (January 1944 – August 10 1944), 4 / Survey of the press (May 1945 – September 1945 ). 1 / Sub‐bundle: General Policy, Periodic reports from the Sub‐prefect to the prefect ( September 1942 – November 1950 ) “ A / folder: Monthly Reports to the Prefect, occupation time ( September 1942 – July 1944): 51 leaflets ; there are reports for September 1942 (7 pages), October 1942 (7pages ), November 1942 (3 Pages ), January 1943 (3 pages), February and March 1943 together (5 pages), April and May 1943 (9 pages), June and July 1943 (3 pages), August 1943 (4 pages), October and November 1943 (4 pages ), December 1943 and January 1944 (5 pages), February and March 1944 (6 pages ), June and July 1944 (3 pages), in total 12 monthly or bi‐monthly reports, The internment camps are cited here and there, especially in the parts meant for public opinion. EG: in the report of September 1942 one can read in the section “political activities” heading “communism”: “in spite of the clandestine activity and the distribution of pamphlets of September 19, as well as the concomitant departure of 1000 Israelites to Germany, the day of September 20 was very calm in the whole area” and later on in the section “policy” a heading “internment camp,” 25 lines synthesizing the camps activities in September.

A‐typical: 5 leaflets from May 1943, giving an example for reporting to complete for the interior ministry, and a note of the forwarding of such report August 1943 (the report is not included); a welcoming speech by the prefect and of the regional prefect by the Sub‐prefect, dated February 17, 1944, text and hand written draft.

B / folder: Report to the Prefecture on the War Events: 38 leaflets dated May to August 1944 ; relates the air raids, the tries of sabotage, arrests by the

Germans; equally a note of February 8, 1944 on the measures taken against sabotage of train tracks. C / folder: After the War:

‐does not concern the present duties. 2 / Sub‐bundle: Reports from the prefect to the Mayors of the district: 38 leaflets dated April and May 1944, copies transmitted by the prefecture to the Sub‐prefect for his information; the prefect addresses the Mayors and certain employees of the departments for questions of ordinary life (lack of wood, cultivation of potatoes, requisitions of horses, etc..)



26

3 / Sub‐bundle: Synthesis of the press. Regional center of documents (January 5 1944‐ August 10 1944) 364 leaflets, therefore around 2 per day, it is a review of the press, of the Parisian press ( therefore collaborators, or support of the Marechal), local and German (Pariser Zeitung); titles are: war, information of external politics, administrative life, interior politics, north Africa, economy, social life, regional life. 4 / Sub‐bundle: Press Review (May 1945‐September 1945) 101 leaflets ; it is a review of the regional press, daily and weekly, addresses to the Sub‐prefect by the regional directorship of the Ministry of information, the summaries are weekly, generally. Reel 9: 2Mi 4687 R 3 (COTE 25864): Concerns daily correspondence at the office of the Prefect of the department of the Loiret from June to December, 1941. Reel 10: 2 Mi 5090 R 9 (COTE 20820 and 20821): Concerns search warrants for missing interned persons at the Beaune‐la‐Rolande and Pithiviers internment camps; (COTE 20820): Encompasses 1940 to June 1941; Cote 20821 encompasses July to December 1941. Reel 11: 2 Mi 5104 (COTE 77525): SEITA, application of anti‐Jewish legislation to employees, instructions, and declarations.



SELECTED RECORDS OF THE DEPARTMENTAL ARCHIVES OF … · SELECTED RECORDS OF THE DEPARTMENTAL...

Documents

Transcript of SELECTED RECORDS OF THE DEPARTMENTAL ARCHIVES OF … · SELECTED RECORDS OF THE DEPARTMENTAL...