Eva Zillen, Kvinna till Kvinna

Maj Linda Johansson, Swedish Armed Forces

Security Sector and Human Rights Defenders from a 1325 perspective

SWEDISH ARMED FORCES INTERNATIONAL CENTRE – SWEDINT WWW.FORSVARSMAKTEN.SE/SWEDINT

linda.1.johansson@mil.se

Major Linda JohanssonHead of Section, Capability and Liaison

at Centre for Gender in Military Operations

2010-2011 Gender Advisor to COM RC N Afghanistan2008-2009 Gender Field Advisor to COM PRT MES Afghanistan

SWEDINT & NCGM

Security Sector and Human Rights Defenders from a 1325 perspective

SWEDISH ARMED FORCES INTERNATIONAL CENTRE – SWEDINT WWW.FORSVARSMAKTEN.SE/SWEDINT

Nordic Centre for Gender in Military Operations Concept

• Partners– NORDEFCO– NATO– UN– OSCE– EU, (AU)

• Products– Recognized courses– Seminars– Lessons learned– SMEs– METT (2013)

• A hub of– Knowledge– Experience– Cooperation &

Support– Information

Swedish Armed Forces

Service branchesSwedish ArmySwedish Air ForceSwedish Navy

The Swedish Armed Forces’ most important resource is its personnel. The Swedish Armed Forces’ payroll includes women, men, officers, civilians, contract soldiers and national service people. In total 20,000 persons serves currently in the Swedish Armed Forces.

International units/deploymentsCurrently, Sweden has deployed military forces in Afghanistan and in Kosovo as well as a naval force deployed to the gulf of Aden as a part of Operation Atalanta . Military observers from Sweden have been sent to a large number of countries, including Georgia, North Korea, Lebanon, Israel and Sri Lanka and Sweden also participates with staff officers to missions in Sudan and Mali

Women in the Swedish Armed Forces – a brief history

1980 The first women volunteers undergo basic training in the Swedish Air Force

1983 Areas including the following become open to women:– Artillery, Air Defence, Engineering, Signals and Army Service units– Coast Artillery sea front gunnery, radar and communications service units– Defence Medical Service (jointly with the Swedish Navy)– Naval command and control, communications and maintenance services

1989 Women have access to all branches of the armed services1994 Women are able to do national service without envisaging further

training to officer level

The Swedish Government Plan of Action to carry out UNSCR 1325

"Women can both influence and be affected by armed conflicts".

"The implementation of Security Council Resolution 1325 is both a goal in itself and a way of reaching the objectives for security,

development, defence and gender equality policies."

"Swedish personnel who take part in peace support and humanitarian operations must have undergone training /…/ that covers Resolution 1325, conditions specific to the operation, the applicable legislation

and ethical issues."

Operational and tactical implementation

• The project ”Genderforce” 2004-2007• National Actions Plans

– 2006 - 2009 – 2009 - 2012

• EUFOR DR Congo 2006• EUFOR Tchad/RCA 2008/2009• ISAF Afghanistan 2008 – 2013• GA to Director of Operations 2007 –• Nordic Centre for Gender in Military

Operations established at Swedint, inaugurated Jan 2012

Gender perspective as an operational tool

To have a gender perspective is to be able to detect if and when men and women are being affected differently by a situation/operation due to their

gender.

Operational effects of the different situation for men and women in the AOR

In what ways are women specifically affected by conflicts?

Before the conflict

During the conflict

After the conflict

In what way can local women be involved in the work to promote peace?

Before the conflict

During the conflict

After the conflict

"Early warnings"

Identify and support women's formal and informal peace initiatives

Engage women's organisations in DDR-work

(Disarmament, Demobilization, Reintegration)

Why do ISAF work with women?

To strengthen women's role in issues relating to conflict prevention, conflict resolution and operations to establish peace.

In order to succeed along ISAF three lines of operations (security, governance and development), we must enable women to have a role in each of these key areas.

Why do ISAF work with women?

References:HQ IJC direction on communicating TP still remains Appx 2 to Annex TT to Op OMID XXXX. Highlighting the need to educate the Afghan population directly on the TP and drawn from HQ ISAF FRAGO as follows:

The Priority tasks are: 1. Educate the Targeted Audience on the concept of ISAF

Transition process ISO GIRoA. 2. Inform the Targeted Audience that Transition is an Afghan-led

process.

- The Prioritized effects are: 1. Afghan population understand the transition process2. Afghan population support for the ISAF mission is

maintained

Key Leader Engagement

Identify – Involve - Protect– GO, NGO, IO, Security Sector

20

Afghan Border Police Women’s Drivers Training supported by Combined Team – North (CT-N)

UNCLASSIFIED//REL TO NATO/ISAF

WHO: Nine Afghan Border Police Women (ABP) WHAT: Basic Literacy Training (8 Hours), Basic Drivers Training (36 Hours) and First Aid (2 Hours)WHERE: TSS & Camp Shaheen, RC-N, AfghanistanWHEN: 11 July 2011–19 July 2011WHY: Provide basic first aid, language and behind the wheel drivers training in order to encourage professional growth of the ABP WomenHow: RMTC Drivers Training Course through ANA Instructors assisted by CT-N Engagement Team and Drivers School Mentors.

Cone Driving Obstacle

Basic First Aid

Preventative Maintenance Checks and Services

Vehicle Egress training with weapons

Proud to be in the driver’s seat

Convoy training

Hill driving

Class 11-001

Demonstration to 5th Zone CDR

Women, Peace and SecurityWay Ahead:

• Improve the involvement of women at all levels in the peace process and ensure women’s participation in the struggle of bringing Peace and Develompent to Afghanistan.

• Gender Perspectives in Operations should be planned, executed and evaluated in line with the operational objectives.

“Looking the other way makes you a part of the problem. Protecting the people not only requires protecting them from physical harm but also corruption and abuse of power”

- COMISAF Directive 2009

• Focus on that Gender perspectiv is essential for the operational effects

• Education, training and understanding• Leadership

GENDER COACH A concept providing gender coaches for senior

officialsEnhancing their knowledge in gender equality:

To influence structures and behaviorDeepen the understanding of gender equalityImplementing a gender perspectiveHandpicked the senior officialsHandpicked the gender coaches

It was a success!

Questions?

Nordic Centre for Gender in Military Operations

Major Linda JohanssonHead of Section, Capability and Liaison

at Nordic Centre for Gender in Military Operations

2010-2011 Gender Advisor to COM RC N Afghanistan2008-2009 Gender Field Advisor to COM PRT MES Afghanistan

Questions?

An organizational structure of gender monitoring and reporting is to be established, in order to mainstream gender perspective in RC N.

• RC N Gender Advisor (GENAD): supports the commander and RC Ns units in the implementation of:

– Security related gender perspective in the military tasks of RC N– Gender perspective according to ISAF mandate, SOPs, FRAGOs, Directives etc– UNSCR 1325(2000), UNSCR 1820(2008)– Female KLE

Engagement Teams (MET, FET, PET, CST, FTT)FET is one of several tools for the BSO, but Female Engagement is to be mainstreamed in all functions and units of RC N.

Activities characterized by:– Face-to-face engagements, female Shuras, CERP funding, engaging Provincial/District

Councils– Support GIRoA efforts to increase females roles in ANA/ANP

RC N Gender Advisor

PRT Gender Field Advisor

Supports the COM in the implementation of the UNSCR 1325/2000 and 1820/2008, in order to mainstream gender issues at all levels of thePRT work. Organisational structure of gender monitoring andreporting is consist of:

– PRT GENAD, support operational planning and the tactical implementation of a gender perspective in the operations. Full-time Gender Advisor to the CO PRT.

– PRT Gender Focal Points at respective units in the field are in charge of implementing and reporting measures dealing with gender issues.

PRT Gender Field Advisors

How to make sure that information regarding the election is communicated with both men and women ?

Security and Elections

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GENAD (Gender Advisor)

GFP (Gender Focal Points)

GFA (Gender FieldAdvisor)

GENAD (Gender Advisor) GFP (Gender Focal Points)

GFP (Gender Focal Points)

GFP (Gender Focal Points)