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Section 4: A Diverse Society
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Chapter 3 Colonial Life in America Section 4: A Diverse Society
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Section 4: A Diverse Society. Chapter 3 Colonial Life in America. Family Life in Colonial America. In 1700’s American colonies were in a period of growth Large families Immigrants=willing and forced Population Growth 1700’s Population Growth= high birthrate - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Section 4: A Diverse Society
Chapter 3 Colonial Life in America
Section 4: A Diverse Society
In 1700’s American colonies were in a period of growthLarge familiesImmigrants=willing and forced
Population Growth1700’s Population Growth= high birthrate
On avg. colonial women had 7 childrenB/W 1640 and 1700, pop. Increased from
25,000 to 250,000Doubled every 25 yrs.=1 million by 1750By the time of American Rev.=2.5 million
Family Life in Colonial America
Health and DiseaseImprovements to housing and sanitation
allowed for resistance to some diseases1721- smallpox swept through Boston
Cotton Mather and Dr. Zabdiel Boylston suggested inoculation=inserting the smallpox into your body to build defensesProved to be a success
Family Life in Colonial America
Cotton Mather Zabdiel Boylston
Women in Colonial SocietyMarried women had no legal
status=everything belonged to husbandSingle women had more rights=own property,
file lawsuits, and run businessesBy 1700, there was an improvement in married
women’s rightsSigned for sell or mortgage of landWorked in businesses (outside of home)
Family Life in Colonial America
100s of 1000’s of white immigrants arrived b/w 1700 and 1775
German Immigrants Arrive in Pennsylvania1st to arrive=Mennonites founded GermantownBy 1775, 100,000 Germans had arrived
Known as Pennsylvania Dutch (from Deutsche)Most prosperous farmers; introduced Conestoga
wagon
Immigrants in Colonial America
Scotch-Irish Head WestFled b/c of ↑ taxes, poor harvests, and religious
discrimination 150,000 b/w 1717 and 1776 (most went to PA)
Unable to purchase land most moved west to frontier=occupy vacant land
Colonial America’s Jewish Community1st group fled Portuguese in Brazil and arrived in
New Amsterdam (NYC) in 1654 By 1776, 1,500 Jews in the colonies=worshiped as
they pleased and worked alongside other colonists (Christians)
Immigrants in Colonial America
Africans arrived from many different regionsTried to maintain languages and traditions
Planters bought slaves from different regions to make it more difficult to communicate
Africans in S.C. created new language called Gullah =combined English and African wordsHelped create new culture in America
Whites used brutal means and persuasion to control slavesSlaves resisted by passive resistance, work
slowdown, and escaping
Africans in Colonial America
Stono RebellionIn S.C., Africans attacked white slave owners
Local militia ended the rebellion30 – 40 Africans were killed
Africans in Colonial America
Stono Rebellion
EnlightenmentEuropean cultural movement
Challenged the authority of the church in science and philosophyElevated the power of human reason
Emphasized rationalismInfluential leaders:
John Locke- argued all people have rights=life, liberty, and property
Jean Jacques Rousseau- argued gov’t and its laws should be created by consent of people
Baron Montesquieu- believed gov’t should protect people’s liberties and believed in separation of powers and checks and balances in gov’t
The Enlightenment and Great Awakening
Enlightenment Thinkers
John LockeJean Jacque Rousseau
Great AwakeningResulted as a perceived cooling of religious
spirit. (Less people going to church)1700’s American colonists turned a religious
movement called pietismStress an individual’s devoutness and emotional
connection to God, rather than just: paying tithe, going to church, doing “churchy things” Appeals to more common, poorer men.
Spread through revivals, or large public meetings of sermon and prayer.
The Enlightenment and Great Awakening
Split the church into two groups: Old Lights and New Lights. Old Lights: Suspicious of revivals; keep things
the same.New Lights: Embraced revivals and piety
Leads to new denominations.
The Great Awakening
Two important preachers of the G.A.1. Jonathan Edwards (New England)
“Sinners in the hands of an angry God”
2. George Whitfield (Southern Colonies)1. Preached 175 times in 75 days across 800 miles.
The Great Awakening
Results of the Great Awakening: 1. Creates many new denominations. 2. Gives common man a sense of significance. 3. Questioning of authority (Old Light ministers) 4. Increase in diversity=> Increase in tolerance. 5. Advances education (Train new ministers) 6. Indirectly sets up the American Revolution
The Great Awakening
Great Awakening Ministers
Jonathan Edwards
