+ Ionic Bonds and Ionic Compounds Forming Compounds from Ions.
Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions...
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Transcript of Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions...
![Page 1: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds
![Page 2: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Ionic Compounds
In this section…
a. Monatomic and Polyatomic ions
b.Ionic compound formulas
c. Naming ionic compounds
d.Covalent vs. Ionic compounds
![Page 3: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Formation of Ions
Cations: Positive ions form by loss of electrons.
![Page 4: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Formation of Ions
Anions: Negative ions form by gain of electrons.
![Page 5: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Names of Monatomic Ions
monatomic cations: element name + “ion”
monatomic anions: element name with “ide” suffix + “ion”
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Common Monatomic Ions
![Page 7: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Naming Transition Metal CationsThe name of a transition metal cation is the element name
followed by the cation charge in Roman numerals within parentheses and the word ion.
Cr2+
Co3+
![Page 8: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Polyatomic IonsGroups of bonded atoms with a charge
Ammonium ion: NH4+
Carbonate ion: CO32-
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Table 2.4.1: Polyatomic Ions
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Formulas of Ionic CompoundsRule: Total charge on cations = Total charge on anions
So, ions combine in numbers so charges cancel.
Mg2+ and Cl-
Mg2+ and N3-
Mg2+ and O2-
Na+ and O2-
![Page 11: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Formulas of Ionic CompoundsRule: Total charge on cations = Total charge on anions
When multiple polyatomic ions are present, they are inparentheses.
Mg2+ and PO43-
Parentheses are not used with a single polyatomic ion:
Mg2+ and SO42-
![Page 12: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Formulas of Ionic CompoundsIonic compounds are extended structures:
No molecules, so no “molecular formula.”
![Page 13: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Naming Ionic Compounds
Ionic compound name = cation name + anion nameThe word “ion” is dropped from the ion names.The name does NOT reflect the number of ions.
NaCl
MgCl2
Na2SO4
(NH4)3PO4
![Page 14: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Naming Ionic Compounds
Transition metals with variable charges?The name of a transition metal cation is the element name
followed by the cation charge in Roman numerals within parentheses and the word ion.
CrCl2
CoPO4
![Page 15: Section 2.4 Ionic Compounds. Ionic Compounds In this section… a.Monatomic and Polyatomic ions b.Ionic compound formulas c.Naming ionic compounds d.Covalent.](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022061516/56649ebc5503460f94bc4f02/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Identifying Covalent vs. Ionic Compounds
Metals + nonmetals
Metals + polyatomic anions
Two polyatomic ions
Two nonmetals, but no polyatomic ions
Ionic Compounds:
Covalent Compounds: