Section 2: Kingdoms of West Africa
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Transcript of Section 2: Kingdoms of West Africa
Section 2: Kingdoms of West Africa Many empires arose in West Africa and
they controlled important trade routes across the Sahara
Merchants paid taxes to travel through these areasIn return the rulers protected the travelers
Gold and Salt were the heart of trade in West AfricaSalt came from mines in the Central Sahara
○ Valuable for flavoring food and preserving meat
Gold came from a forested region in southern West Africa from a place called Wangaran
Silent barterThe merchants and Wangaran gold miners
used this in order to trade
“Miners trace a boundary to mark the place to trade, when the merchants reach this boundary they place their wares and cloth on the ground and then depart; and the people come bearing gold which they leave besides the merchandise and then depart. The owners of the Merchandise then return and, if they are satisfied with what they have found, they take the gold. If not they go away again and the people return and add to the price until the bargain is concluded”
Ghana’s Trade EmpireThe 1st West African Empire founded on
Gold and Salt○ They conquered neighboring people and trade
routes in the SaharaThe Location
○ North of the goldfields○ Routes south from the Sahara had to pass
through Ghana
Ghana’s Trade items○ Salt, Cloth, and horses were exchanged for
kola nuts, gold, and fine woods
Ghana divided its capital into two cities:○ One was the capital of trade and the other the
royal city where the King made decisionsLater the power of Ghana begins to fade
and they are subject to invasionTrade in the area comes under control of the
new kingdom of Mali
The Empire of MaliLocated in the upper Niger ValleyFounded by Sudiata and under his rule they
took control of the gold-salt trade across the Sahara○ He also had people working on agricultural
projects i.e planting and herding cattle
Mansa Musa○ Muslim Emperor who ruled for 25 years○ He made Islam the official religion of Mali○ After His pilgrimage to Mecca he increased
ties with Muslims across N. Africa and SW Asia
○ He made Mali a center for learning and wealthHe built Mosques and brought religious scholars to
taught students to read the Quran
He built many glorious Mosques in Tombouctou which increased the amount of people to visit this city
50 years after the death of Mansa Musa Mali’s power begins to fade○ Raiders attacked from the north○ Many provinces became independent
Songhai was one of the now independent provinces○ By the 1400s it was a leading state in West
Africa○ Leaders expanded the borders and Songhai
gained control of more trade routes and sources of Gold and Salt
○ Due to fighting within the empire they weakened and fell easily to guns and cannons