Section 2: Gas Behavior Objective: define the relationship between volume and pressure of a gas...
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Transcript of Section 2: Gas Behavior Objective: define the relationship between volume and pressure of a gas...
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Section 2: Gas Behavior
• Objective: define the relationship
between volume and pressure of a gas
state Boyle’s Law define the relationship
between pressure and temperature of a gas
define the relationship between volume and the temperature of a gas and state Charles’s law What gas law explains why
thishot air balloon rises?
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Key Terms
• temperature– The measure of the average kinetic energy of
the particles in a substance.
• pressure– The force exerted on a surface divided by the
total area over which the force is exerted
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• Boyle’s Law– The relationship between the pressure and
volume of a gas at constant temperature; when volume increases, pressure decreases.
• Charles’s Law– The relationship between the temperature and
volume of a gas at constant pressure; when temperature increases, volume increases.
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Three properties of gases
Volume: gaseshave the same volume as theircontainer.
Temperature: average kinetic energy of the molecules.
Pressure: force/area
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Relationship between pressure & volume of a gas.
The volume of a fixed amount of gas varies inversely withThe pressure of the gas.
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Boyle’s Law
Boyle’s Law: when the pressure of a
gas is increased at constant temperature,
the volume of the gas decreases. When
The pressure is decreased, the volume
increases.
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Relationship between pressure and temperature
Gay-Lussac’s law: When the temperature of a gas at a constant volume is increased, thepressure of the gas increases. When the temperature is decreased, the pressure of the gasdecreases.
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Why must truck drivers monitor and adjust tire pressure on long trips, especially during the hot summer months?
Tires on 18-wheelers arevery large and stiff.
The volume of thesetires does not vary much.
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Relationship between volume and temperature
A direct relationship exists between volume and temperature.
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Charles's Law: when the temperature of a gas is increased at constant pressure, its volume increases. When the temperature ofa gas decreased its volume decreases.
The volume of a balloon is less in a beaker of ice water than if the same balloon is in a beaker of hot water. Why does this happen?
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