Section 1.1 - Computer and Its Functions

8/3/2019 Section 1.1 - Computer and Its Functions

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Information TechnologyYear 7


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Chapter 1 : Introduction

to the world ofComputers


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What is a Computer?


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This is a computer.


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A Computer is a machine that manipulatesdata according to the list of functions.

What is a Com uter?


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The History ofComputers


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The History of Computers

First device that resemble moderncomputers date to the mid 20th century( around 1940 - 1945 )

Although the computer concept and variousmachines similar to computers existedearlier.


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The History of Computers

Early computers were the size of a largeroom, consuming as much power as severalhundred modern personal computers.

Modern computers are based on tinyintegrated circuits and are very capable onoperations.


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Today simple computers are made smallenough to fit into a wrist and powered from

smaller batteries


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The history of Computers

Most common form of computer in usetoday is the embedded computer


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What is an embeddedcomputer ?


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The history of Computers Embedded computers are

small, simple devices that

are used to control other

devices.

For example, it can befound in machines ranging

from fighter aircrafts to

industrial robots, digitalcameras, and children

toys.


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A calculator can performoperations, why isnt a calculator

a computer?


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The ability to store and execute lists of

instructions, calledprograms makescomputers extremely versatile anddistinguishes them from calculators.


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Types of computers


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T es of com uters

There are 3 types of computers namely: Mainframes Minicomputers

Microcomputers


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Mainframes


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Mainframes Large, powerful and

expensive

Can often service manyhundreds of userssimultaneously.

Found in large organizationssuch as national companiesand government.

Mainframes used in thescientific and military areas

are called Supercomputers


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Minicomputers


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Minicomputers

Smaller versions ofmainframes

May support severalterminal with multitasking

Are found in medium

sized businesses anduniversity departments.


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Microcomputers


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Microcomputers Are the smallest and

most commonly used at

home, small business andin schools.

Small,cheap and relativelyslow and limited memory

( compared tomainframes and

minicomputers)


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Microcomputers Movable and can be

divided into 3 categories

There are :

business micro(PC)

home micro(PC)

portablemicro(laptops)


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Computers BasicComponents


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Computers Basic Components Central Processing Unit (CPU) - executes

individual instructions and controls the

operation of other parts of the computer

CPU has 3 main components: Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)

Control Unit Immediate Access Memory


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What is a ALU?


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ALU is where all calculations

and logical operations arecarried out


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What is Control Unit?


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Control Unit decodes,

synchronizes and executesprogram instructions.


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What is ImmediateAccess Memory?


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Immediate Access Memory

stores the data and program onwhich the computer is currently

working.


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Advantages ofComputers


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Advantages of Computers

It can facilitate self paced learning

Computers are multimedia tool Computers are interactive

Computer technology is rapidly advancing

Computers increase access.


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Importance ofComputers


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Personal and Home Uses

Computers allow people with disabilities todo normal activities

Shopping online Playing games with other people

Work from home


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Business Uses Computers allow companies to keep large

amount of information at hand

Databases Make ordering and tracking resources

quicker and easier

Allows people to have meetings fromdifferent locations.


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Educational Uses

The Internet allows access to hundreds ofonline research materials Allow colleagues to correspond quickly

about ongoing research


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Communication Uses

Computers allow people across the worldto communicate easily.


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Communication Uses

Computers allow people across the worldto communicate easily.


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Computers and Careers


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Class Work

List down all the careers which requirescomputers. Do this homework in yourexercise books.


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Teacher

Engineer Doctor

Computer Technician

Pilot Fashion Designer

Librarian

Animators Scientist

Photographer

Artist

Web Designer Clerk

Officer

Manager

Section 1.1 - Computer and Its Functions

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Transcript of Section 1.1 - Computer and Its Functions